{"id":10969,"date":"2015-02-07T22:17:41","date_gmt":"2015-02-07T18:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=10969"},"modified":"2015-02-07T22:17:41","modified_gmt":"2015-02-07T18:17:41","slug":"kommunizmin-gizli-din-dusm%c9%99nciliyi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=10969","title":{"rendered":"Kommunizmin gizli din d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/nermin.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/nermin-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"nermin\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-10924\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Kommunizmin din d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyini qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259rk\u0259n b\u0259zi kommunistl\u0259rin bu m\u00f6vzuda b\u0259z\u0259n s\u0259rgil\u0259dikl\u0259ri \u00abm\u00fclayim\u00bb siyas\u0259tin \u0259sl m\u0259qs\u0259dini anlamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r.<br \/>\nH\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 d\u00fcnyada marksist c\u0259r\u0259yanlar iqtidarda olmad\u0131qlar\u0131 zamanda din \u0259leyhin\u0259 k\u0259skin v\u0259 t\u0259cav\u00fczkar siyas\u0259t aparmazlar. H\u0259tta b\u0259z\u0259n kommunistl\u0259rin a\u011fz\u0131ndan din\u0259 v\u0259 dindarlara qar\u015f\u0131 h\u00f6rm\u0259t bildir\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r e\u015fitm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yax\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u0259s\u0259n bu \u00abm\u00fclayim\u00bb \u00fcslubun m\u0259qs\u0259di n\u0259dir?<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Leninin yaz\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bu sual\u0131n cavab\u0131n\u0131a rast g\u0259linir. \u00abProletar partiyas\u0131n\u0131n din m\u00f6vzusundak\u0131 m\u00f6vqeyi\u00bb ba\u015fl\u0131ql\u0131 m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 Lenin Marks v\u0259 Engels kimi ustalar\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u0259rh v\u0259 praktiki t\u0259tbiqind\u0259n yola \u00e7\u0131xaraq dinl\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259 girilm\u0259m\u0259sini, bunun laz\u0131ms\u0131z \u00absiyasi qumar\u00bb oldu\u011funu yaz\u0131b ( Viladimir Ili\u00e7 Lenin, Proleterya Partisinin Din Konusundaki Tutumu, Proleterya, Say\u0131: 45, 13 (28) May\u0131s 1909). Lenin din\u0259 olan d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyini a\u00e7\u0131q-ayd\u0131n elan ed\u0259n, din\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259hqir dolu kampaniyalar aparan dig\u0259r b\u0259zi materialistl\u0259ri is\u0259 (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, anarxistl\u0259ri v\u0259 ya \u00abburjua ateistl\u0259rini\u00bb) na\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 saf hesab edib. Onlar\u0131n marksistl\u0259r\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259ltdikl\u0259ri \u00abm\u00fclayimlik v\u0259 \u201ct\u0259r\u0259dd\u00fcd\u201d ittihamlar\u0131n\u0131 r\u0259dd ed\u0259r\u0259k \u201cmarksizmin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fd\u0259ki m\u00fclayimliyini\u00bb diqq\u0259tl\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir taktika oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131qlay\u0131b ( Viladimir Ili\u00e7 Lenin, Proleterya Partisinin Din Konusundaki Tutumu, Proleterya, Say\u0131: 45, 13 (28) May\u0131s 1909).<br \/>\nLenin h\u0259min \u00abm\u00fclayim\u00bb taktikan\u0131 1917-ci il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r, y\u0259ni kommunistl\u0259r hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r davam etdirdi. Ancaq bundan sonra bu m\u00fclayimlik aradan qalxd\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn Sovet torpaqlar\u0131nda din\u0259 v\u0259 dindarlara qar\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259zyiq ba\u015flad\u0131. \u018fvv\u0259ll\u0259r \u00abateist oldu\u011fumuzu a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 bildirm\u0259m\u0259li v\u0259 din\u0259 inananlar\u0131 bel\u0259 c\u0259rg\u0259l\u0259rimiz\u0259 almal\u0131y\u0131q\u00bb dey\u0259n Lenin hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259n sonra \u00e7ox f\u0259rqli bir yol izl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Amerikal\u0131 tarix\u00e7i Robert Konkvest \u201cThe Harvest of Sorrow\u201d (K\u0259d\u0259r y\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin din siyas\u0259tinin b\u0259zi ana x\u0259tl\u0259rini bel\u0259 t\u0259yin edir:<br \/>\n\u201c1918-ci il konstitusiyas\u0131n\u0131n 65-ci madd\u0259sind\u0259 din adamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00abburjuaziyan\u0131n xidm\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259ri\u00bb oldu\u011fu elan edildi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, maa\u015flar\u0131 verilm\u0259di, u\u015faqlar\u0131 ibtidai sinifl\u0259rd\u0259n sonra m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259bul edilm\u0259di.<br \/>\n28 yanvar 1918-ci ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan bir qanunla m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259ki b\u00fct\u00fcn dini t\u0259hsil qada\u011fan edildi. Daha sonra 1921-ci ilin 13 iyununda 18 ya\u015f\u0131na \u00e7atmam\u0131\u015f g\u0259ncl\u0259r\u0259 dini t\u0259hsilin verilm\u0259si qada\u011fan edildi.<br \/>\n1929-cu ilin 8 aprelind\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259rin\u0259 yard\u0131m paylayan dini qruplar\u0131n qurdu\u011fu yard\u0131m fondlar\u0131, x\u00fcsusi ayinl\u0259r, u\u015faqlar, qad\u0131nlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn burax\u0131lan \u0130ncil; \u0259d\u0259biyyat, \u0259l i\u015fl\u0259ri, i\u015f, dini d\u0259rsl\u0259r, u\u015faqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn oyun yerl\u0259ri t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259k, kitabxana a\u00e7maq, tibbi yard\u0131m t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259k d\u0259 qada\u011fan edildi. R\u0259smi \u0259mrl\u0259r kils\u0259nin b\u00fct\u00fcn f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rini yox etdi.<br \/>\n22 may 1929-cu ild\u0259 Konstitusiyan\u0131n 18-ci madd\u0259si haz\u0131rland\u0131 v\u0259 \u00abdini v\u0259 anti-dini t\u0259bli\u011fat azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00bb, \u00abibad\u0259t azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 anti-dini t\u0259bli\u011fat azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00bb olaraq d\u0259yi\u015fdirildi. Eyni zamanda T\u0259hsil Komissiyas\u0131 da \u00abm\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 anti-din t\u0259bli\u011fat\u0131\u00bb \u0259mrini verdi.<br \/>\nKollektivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 il\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn regional ibad\u0259t yerl\u0259ri ba\u011flan\u0131ld\u0131. Dini xat\u0131rladan h\u0259r bir \u015fey yand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 20 fevral 1930-cu il tarixli Q\u0259rb Regional Komit\u0259sind\u0259n olan x\u00fcsusi m\u0259ktub s\u0259rxo\u015f \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rin k\u0259nd kils\u0259l\u0259rini nec\u0259 ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dini simvollar\u0131 q\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 k\u0259ndlil\u0259ri t\u0259hdid etdiyini izah edirdi. Bu qapad\u0131lma v\u0259 qada\u011falar b\u00fct\u00fcn dinl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunurdu.<br \/>\nBununla bel\u0259 kils\u0259l\u0259rin ba\u011flanmas\u0131 dini i\u015fl\u0259rin k\u0259narda icras\u0131na icaz\u0259 verildiyi m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 vermirdi. Xarkovda doqquz b\u00f6y\u00fck kils\u0259nin ba\u011flanmas\u0131 il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, eyni zamanda \u00abkils\u0259l\u0259rin ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 x\u00fcsusi evl\u0259rd\u0259 dini y\u0131\u011f\u0131ncaqlar\u0131n ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131\u00bb q\u0259rar\u0131 q\u0259bul edildi.<br \/>\nLeninqraddak\u0131 Kazan Kils\u0259si anti-din muzeyin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Kiyevd\u0259ki m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Sofiya Kils\u0259si v\u0259 dig\u0259r kils\u0259l\u0259r anti-dini m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259r olmu\u015fdu. Xarkovda St. Andrey kils\u0259si kinoteatra, dig\u0259ri radiostansiyaya, ba\u015fqa biri ma\u015f\u0131n ehtiyat hiss\u0259si satan d\u00fckana \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi. Poltavada is\u0259 iki kils\u0259 ma\u015f\u0131n t\u0259mir olunan obyekt\u0259 \u00e7evrildi.<br \/>\nBunlar b\u00fct\u00fcn dinl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunurdu. \u0130slam da eyni t\u0259zyiql\u0259r alt\u0131nda idi. Kommunist d\u00f6vr\u00fc boyu minl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u0259scid ba\u011flan\u0131b, \u00e7ox sayda din adam\u0131 \u00abkulak\u00bb (qol\u00e7omaq) dam\u011fas\u0131 il\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb v\u0259 ya Sibirin \u0259m\u0259k d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilib\u201d (Harvest of Sorrow, s.200-212).<br \/>\nLeninin \u00abdin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fclayim olmal\u0131y\u0131q\u00bb taktikas\u0131 1917-ci il Oktyabr \u00e7evrili\u015find\u0259n  sonra s\u0259rt v\u0259 qat\u0131 din d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Lenin milyonlarla insan\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131 bahas\u0131na ba\u015fa g\u0259l\u0259n 1920-21 q\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da \u00abinsanlar\u0131n Allaha olan inanclar\u0131n\u0131 yox ed\u0259n\u00bb faydal\u0131 ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015f hesab edirdi.<br \/>\nLenin a\u011fr\u0131lar i\u00e7ind\u0259 q\u0131vr\u0131laraq v\u0259 a\u011fl\u0131n\u0131 itirmi\u015f halda \u00f6ld\u00fc. Allah Leninin insanlara etdiyi z\u00fclm\u00fcn v\u0259 din\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyinin qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 el\u0259 d\u00fcnyadaca verdi. Etdikl\u0259rinin qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259skiksiz olaraq axir\u0259td\u0259 d\u0259 alacaq.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0259rmin K\u0259rimzad\u0259<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kommunizmin din d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyini qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259rk\u0259n b\u0259zi kommunistl\u0259rin bu m\u00f6vzuda b\u0259z\u0259n s\u0259rgil\u0259dikl\u0259ri \u00abm\u00fclayim\u00bb siyas\u0259tin \u0259sl m\u0259qs\u0259dini anlamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 d\u00fcnyada marksist c\u0259r\u0259yanlar iqtidarda olmad\u0131qlar\u0131 zamanda din \u0259leyhin\u0259 k\u0259skin v\u0259 t\u0259cav\u00fczkar siyas\u0259t aparmazlar. H\u0259tta b\u0259z\u0259n kommunistl\u0259rin a\u011fz\u0131ndan din\u0259 v\u0259 dindarlara qar\u015f\u0131 h\u00f6rm\u0259t bildir\u0259n s\u00f6zl\u0259r e\u015fitm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yax\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u0259s\u0259n bu \u00abm\u00fclayim\u00bb \u00fcslubun m\u0259qs\u0259di n\u0259dir?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pub"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10969","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10969"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10969\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10971,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10969\/revisions\/10971"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10969"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}