{"id":17563,"date":"2016-01-26T11:15:30","date_gmt":"2016-01-26T07:15:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=17563"},"modified":"2016-01-26T11:25:23","modified_gmt":"2016-01-26T07:25:23","slug":"ozkan-guneyoglu-yarim-elmali-gonul-almali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=17563","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6zkan G\u00dcNEYO\u011eLU.\u201cYar\u0131m elmal\u0131, g\u00f6n\u00fcl almal\u0131\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"og\"<\/a><\/p>\n

ELMALI YAZMA
\nozkan@guneyoglu.com<\/p>\n

Anadolu da 600 y\u0131ll\u0131k mazisi olan yazmac\u0131l\u0131k; kal\u0131p bask\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi ile yap\u0131lan el sanat\u0131d\u0131r. Yazmac\u0131l\u0131k denince akla ilk Tokat gelmekle beraber, Kastamonu, Zonguldak, Gaziantep ve Diyarbak\u0131r y\u00f6relerinde bilinip uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bunlar aras\u0131nda Tokat\u2019\u0131n yeri farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde 17.ve 18.yy.da \u00fcretimin vergiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek gerek saraya olan katk\u0131s\u0131, gerekse \u00f6vg\u00fclere konu olacak derecedeki boyama kalitesi ve desen g\u00fczelli\u011fi ile Tokat yazmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ad\u0131m \u00f6ne ge\u00e7meyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nTokat\u2019ta \u201ckarakalem\u201d ve \u201celvan\u201d olmak \u00fczere iki tip yazma bas\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Renkli yazmalara elvan, siyah-beyaz bas\u0131lanlara karakalem ad\u0131 verilir. Elvan bask\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcnde genellikle k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n koyu tonlar\u0131, bordo, patl\u0131can moru gibi koyu renkler h\u00e2kimdir. Renk uyumu m\u00fckemmeldir. Tokat\u2019a \u00f6zg\u00fc desenlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra de\u011fi\u015fik y\u00f6relere ait motiflerle de \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
\nDo\u011fal bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcme sahip olan Tokat yazmalar\u0131nda hem renkleri hem de desenleri itibariyle tabiattan esintiler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Genellikle elma, \u00fcz\u00fcm, kiraz, asma yapra\u011f\u0131 motiflerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00f6nemli ovalar\u0131na sahip Tokat\u2019ta meyve \u00e7e\u015fidinin bol ve tercih edilir olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fadan al\u0131nan zengin bitki motifleri, \u00e7i\u00e7ek ve meyve desenleri kal\u0131p ustas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kuma\u015fa ustaca aktar\u0131l\u0131r.
\nGenellikle kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lan yazmalar eski tarihlerden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze gerek ba\u011flama \u015fekilleri, gerekse cinsi ve motifi ile toplumda belirleyici kimlik rol\u00fcn\u00fc de \u00fcstlenmi\u015f, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden \u00f6l\u00fcme k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015flard\u0131r.
\nY\u00f6resel Tokat Halk Oyunlar\u0131nda bayan dans\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n giysilerini tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 aksesuar olarak da kullan\u0131lan Elmal\u0131 Yazma; Tokat\u2019ta uygulanan yayg\u0131n yazma desenleri aras\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r. Elvan bask\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcnde; siyah zemine k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 olarak ve elma motifi y\u00fczeyi kaplayacak \u015fekilde tekrarl\u0131 bir dizinle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilir.
\n\u0130stanbul men\u015feli oldu\u011fu bilinen \u00f6zg\u00fcn elma deseni Tokat elmal\u0131s\u0131 ve Tokat yar\u0131m elmal\u0131s\u0131 olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu motif sadece meyve resmi olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde bir anlam da ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r;
\nEskiden d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn davetiyesi olarak evlere yazma g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi d\u00f6nemlerde \u00f6zellikle elmal\u0131 desenli yazmalar\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, anal\u0131-babal\u0131 k\u0131z\u0131n yazmas\u0131n\u0131n tam elmal\u0131 – \u00f6ks\u00fcz k\u0131z\u0131n yazmas\u0131n\u0131n ise yar\u0131m elmal\u0131 oldu\u011fu rivayet edilmektedir.
\n\u201cYar\u0131m elmal\u0131, g\u00f6n\u00fcl almal\u0131\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn de buradan geldi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir\u201d
\nPullarla ve e\u011fik \u015fi\u015fle \u00f6r\u00fclen kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir oyas\u0131 bulunan Elmal\u0131 Yazma g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131n\u0131 kaybederek, g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famda ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r hale gelmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:
\nAbant \u0130zzet Baysal \u00dcnv. MYO Yard. Do\u00e7. Dr. Filiz Ak\u0131n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ELMALI YAZMA ozkan@guneyoglu.com Anadolu da 600 y\u0131ll\u0131k mazisi olan yazmac\u0131l\u0131k; kal\u0131p bask\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi ile yap\u0131lan el sanat\u0131d\u0131r. Yazmac\u0131l\u0131k denince akla ilk Tokat gelmekle beraber, Kastamonu, Zonguldak, Gaziantep ve Diyarbak\u0131r y\u00f6relerinde bilinip uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bunlar aras\u0131nda Tokat\u2019\u0131n yeri farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde 17.ve 18.yy.da \u00fcretimin vergiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek gerek saraya olan katk\u0131s\u0131, gerekse \u00f6vg\u00fclere konu olacak derecedeki boyama […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-turkiy-dbiyyati"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17563"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17571,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17563\/revisions\/17571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}