{"id":33637,"date":"2019-11-26T13:00:22","date_gmt":"2019-11-26T09:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=33637"},"modified":"2019-11-26T14:14:50","modified_gmt":"2019-11-26T10:14:50","slug":"%c9%99hm%c9%99d-b%c9%99y-agaoglu-islama-gor%c9%99-v%c9%99-islamiyy%c9%99td%c9%99-qadin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=33637","title":{"rendered":"T\u0259hmin\u0259 V\u018fL\u0130YEVA. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flunun &#8220;\u0130slama g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n&#8221; \u0259s\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259ciyy\u0259si"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/tv.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/tv-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-32490\" srcset=\"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/tv-300x200.jpg 300w, http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/tv.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>AMEA Nizami G\u0259nc\u0259vi ad\u0131na \u018fd\u0259biyyat \u0130nstitutunun M\u0259tbuat tarixi v\u0259 publisistika \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin ki\u00e7ik elmi i\u015f\u00e7isi,<br \/>\nAz\u0259rbaycan Jurnalistl\u0259r Birliyi Sumqay\u0131t \u015f\u0259h\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n G\u00fcnd\u0259lik Analitik \u0130nformasiya Agentliyinin (gundelik.info) v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t v\u0259 \u018fd\u0259biyyat Portal\u0131n\u0131n  (edebiyyat-az.com) &#8220;Publisistika&#8221; \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin redaktoru.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>valiyevatahmina@gmail.com<\/p>\n<p>\u018fHM\u018fD B\u018fY A\u011eAO\u011eLUNUN \u201c\u0130SLAMA G\u00d6R\u018f V\u018f \u0130SLAM\u0130YY\u018fTD\u018f QADIN\u201d \u018fS\u018fR\u0130ND\u018f M\u00dcS\u018fLMAN QADININ S\u018fC\u0130YY\u018fS\u0130<br \/>\nA\u00e7ar s\u00f6zl\u0259r: \u0130slam, m\u00fcs\u0259lman xalqlar\u0131, qad\u0131n, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r, din v\u0259 \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t, qad\u0131na m\u00fcnasib\u0259t, t\u0259r\u0259qqi v\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259zz\u00fcl, tarix v\u0259 m\u00fcasir d\u00f6vr<br \/>\nKey words: \u0130slam, muslim people, woman, the prophet Muhammed, religion and sharia, occasion to  woman, progress and decline, history and the modern era<br \/>\n\u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430: \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c, \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0435, \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u041c\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0434, \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043a, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<br \/>\n\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flunun \u201c\u0130slama g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259ri ilk d\u0259f\u0259 1901-ci ild\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 rus dilind\u0259 \u00e7ap edilmi\u015fdir. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu irsinin t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 M\u00fcbariz S\u00fcleymanl\u0131 \u201c\u018fhm\u0259d A\u011fao\u011flunun \u201c\u0130slama g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d \u0259s\u0259rin\u0259 elmi-t\u0259nqidi yana\u015fmalar\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda \u0259s\u0259rin n\u0259\u015fr tarixin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r salmaqla b\u0259rab\u0259r onun n\u0259\u015fr v\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 m\u0259tnl\u0259rin\u0259 elmi-t\u0259nqidi aspektd\u0259n m\u00fcnasib\u0259t bildirmi\u015fdir. O qeyd edir ki, \u0259s\u0259r ikinci d\u0259f\u0259 1959-cu ild\u0259 \u0130stanbulda \u201c\u0130slaml\u0131qda qad\u0131n\u201d (\u201c\u0130slaml\u0131kta kad\u0131n\u201d), 1985-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 Ankarada \u201c\u0130slamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d (\u201c\u0130slamiyyetde kad\u0131n\u201d) ad\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015f v\u0259 bu n\u0259\u015fr\u0259 S\u0259m\u0259d A\u011fao\u011flu \u201cKitab, m\u00fc\u0259llif v\u0259 \u201c\u0130slaml\u0131qda qad\u0131n\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131yan \u201c\u00f6n s\u00f6z\u201d yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u018fs\u0259ri ilk d\u0259f\u0259 rus dilind\u0259n t\u00fcrk dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 ed\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n \u018fli Ediz olmu\u015fdur. Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rin ilk d\u0259f\u0259 \u201cUlduz\u201d jurnal\u0131nda (1990, \u21163 (275)) \u00e7ap olunmas\u0131 v\u0259 geni\u015f elmi ictimaiyy\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 Elman Mustafao\u011flunun ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin o, \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcms\u00fcz adam\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259qdimat yaz\u0131s\u0131nda \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti v\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 obyektiv m\u00fcnasib\u0259t bildirmi\u015fdir. E.Mustafao\u011flu bu i\u015fi \u0130stanbul n\u0259\u015fri \u0259sas\u0131nda h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irmi\u015fdir. \u0130stanbul n\u0259\u015frl\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259s\u0259r\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 ba\u015fl\u0131qlar daxil edilmi\u015fdir. E.Mustafao\u011flunun T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131nda bir q\u00fcsurlar\u0131n oldu\u011funu M.S\u00fcleymanl\u0131 qeyd edir. \u018fs\u0259rin \u0130stanbul n\u0259\u015frl\u0259rind\u0259 yer alan bir ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u2013 \u201cPey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin q\u0131z cocu\u011funa g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t\u201d (Ahmet A\u011fao\u011flu. \u0130slaml\u0131kta kad\u0131n. \u0130stanbul, Nebio\u011flu Yay\u0131nevi, 1959, s.29), \u201cPey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin q\u0131z cocu\u011funa g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi sevgi\u201d (Ahmet A\u011fao\u011flu. \u0130slamiyyette kad\u0131n. Ankara, Birey ve toplum yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1985, s.28) 1990-c\u0131 il Bak\u0131 variant\u0131nda \u201cPey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin q\u0131z\u0131na m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259ti\u201d \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 verilm\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r (6, 7). \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259 \u201cq\u0131z u\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d v\u0259 \u201c\u00f6z q\u0131z\u0131\u201d k\u0259lm\u0259l\u0259ri ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 anlam ifad\u0259 edir. \u018fs\u0259r is\u0259 daha b\u0259\u015f\u0259ri s\u0259ciyy\u0259 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131b \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndak\u0131 \u00fcmumqad\u0131n problemin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunub. Bu bax\u0131mdan t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n irad\u0131n\u0131 haql\u0131 saymaq olar. M.S\u00fcleymanl\u0131 b\u0259zi improviz\u0259 hallar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu, sinoniml\u0259rin \u0259s\u0259rin dilini a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 frans\u0131zca istinadlar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda diqq\u0259tsizliy\u0259 yol verildiyini d\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r. O, \u201c\u018fhm\u0259d A\u011fao\u011flunun \u201c\u0130slama g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d \u0259s\u0259rin\u0259 elmi-t\u0259nqidi yana\u015fmalar\u201d kitab\u0131nda \u0259s\u0259rin orijinal v\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 variantlar\u0131n\u0131 (t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r: H\u0259s\u0259n \u018fli Ediz v\u0259 R\u00fcf\u0259t \u015e\u0259rifov) daxil etmi\u015fdir. Kitabda yer alan bu \u0259s\u0259ri rus dilind\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sin\u0259 R\u00fcf\u0259t \u015e\u0259rifov t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. \u018fs\u0259ri \u0259dibin k\u00fclliyyat\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 K\u0259rim Axundov az\u0259rbaycancaya \u00e7evirmi\u015fdir.<br \/>\n\u201c\u0130slama g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu m\u00fcs\u0259lman xalqlar\u0131nda qad\u0131na m\u00fcnasib\u0259t m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sini \u0130slam dini m\u00f6vqeyind\u0259n ara\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. S\u0259m\u0259d A\u011fao\u011flunun kitaba yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcq\u0259ddim\u0259d\u0259 qeyd edildiyi kimi, \u201cA\u011fao\u011flunun b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u0259yat\u0131 boyunca m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etdiyi b\u0259zi prinsipl\u0259rin ilk k\u00f6kl\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n bir v\u0259siq\u0259\u201d hesab olunan bil\u0259r (2, 11). Qad\u0131n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259yi h\u0259r zaman d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, ist\u0259r elmi v\u0259 publisistik yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda, ist\u0259r pedaqoji, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 siyasi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tind\u0259 qald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259n \u00fcmd\u0259 probleml\u0259rd\u0259n olmu\u015fdur. \u018fs\u0259r bar\u0259d\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 geni\u015f sur\u0259td\u0259 b\u0259hs a\u00e7an Yusuf Ak\u00e7uran\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 des\u0259k \u201c\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y bu risal\u0259sind\u0259 islam\u0131n ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259si v\u0259 geril\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc olaraq \u201cqad\u0131n\u201d\u0131 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u201d (3, 158). \u018fs\u0259rin yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Q\u0259rbd\u0259 feminizm ideologiyas\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015f v\u00fcs\u0259t ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k n\u00fcfuz qazanma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rqind\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n tutdu\u011fu m\u00f6vqeyi ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rmaq bax\u0131m\u0131ndan \u201c\u0130slama g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d \u0259s\u0259ri olduqca qiym\u0259tli material verir. T\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131 B\u0259sir\u0259 \u018fziz\u0259liyeva \u0259s\u0259r bar\u0259d\u0259 \u201czaman\u0131n \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm aktuall\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi meydana \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f, qlobal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259nin, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rinin m\u00fcs\u0259lman c\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259ki qad\u0131nlar\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti il\u0259 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r uy\u011fun olub-olmamas\u0131 sual\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u201d (5, 6) dey\u0259r\u0259k onun m\u0259hz zaman\u0131n t\u0259l\u0259bi il\u0259 yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qeyd edir. \u018fs\u0259rd\u0259 \u0130slamda qad\u0131na veril\u0259n h\u00fcquqlar il\u0259 \u0130slam \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131nlara tan\u0131d\u0131lan h\u00fcquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu Q\u0259rbin M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259 (s.\u0259.v) dair fikirl\u0259rini s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Lavellenin \u201cFrans\u0131z \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi\u201d, Kazan missionerl\u0259rinin \u201cBizans\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar \u0259leyhin\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131\u201d, Edel de Merilin \u201cPoesies popularies lat\u0131nes du moyen age\u201d, E.Renan\u0131n \u201cDin tarixin\u0259 dair et\u00fcdl\u0259r\u201d, F.Mi\u015felin \u201cM\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259din roman\u0131\u201d kimi qaynaqlara istinad etmi\u015fdir.<br \/>\n\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu Q\u0259rbd\u0259 \u0130slam dinin\u0259 v\u0259 onun pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00f6vcud olan q\u0259r\u0259zli fikirl\u0259r\u0259 yer verm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 onlara m\u00fcnasib\u0259tini obyektiv sur\u0259td\u0259 bildirir. \u018fdib \u0130slam dini v\u0259 pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259 yet\u0259rinc\u0259 m\u0259lumatl\u0131 olmayan ba\u015fqa xalq v\u0259 ba\u015fqa din n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0130slam dini v\u0259 H\u0259zr\u0259ti M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d (s.\u0259.v) bar\u0259d\u0259 yanl\u0131\u015f t\u0259bli\u011fat apar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, \u0130slam pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rinin \u201cd\u0259v\u0259l\u0259r \u00e7arvadar\u0131\u201d, \u201cyalan\u00e7\u0131 \u0259r\u0259b pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259ri\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, onun \u201cq\u0131z\u0131l b\u00fct Maqom\u201d \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259svir edilm\u0259sini m\u0259qbul hesab etmir. Bunu islama dair ilkin t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcrl\u0259rin t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm\u00fc kimi s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndirir v\u0259 bu c\u00fcr fikirl\u0259rin \u0130slam dini haqq\u0131nda yet\u0259rsiz m\u0259lumatdan qaynaqland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirirdi. Zamanla m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s \u201cQurani-K\u0259rim\u201d abid\u0259sinin Q\u0259rbd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259si avropal\u0131lar\u0131n \u0130slama qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tinin d\u0259yi\u015film\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Bu is\u0259 XIX \u0259srin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdi. \u018fdib \u015eekspir, Volter, Leybnitsin k\u00fctl\u0259ni \u0259yl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r haqq\u0131nda uydurulan komik \u0259hvalatlar, yaz\u0131lan pamfletl\u0259r qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6z t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcb\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf\u00fcn\u00fc gizl\u0259tmir. M\u0259\u015fhur italyan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Dante \u201c\u0130lahi komediya\u201ds\u0131nda M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259ri (s.\u0259.v) q\u0259dim d\u00f6vr m\u00fcdrikl\u0259ri i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 tonqalda yand\u0131r\u0131lmaq qorxusu il\u0259 onu Fra Dol\u00e7ino v\u0259 Bertrano de Born kimi nifaq salanlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda, c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259md\u0259 t\u0259svir etm\u0259si, yaxud italyan memar Orkaniya Pizan\u0131n Kampo-Santas\u0131nda pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259ri Averroes v\u0259 Antixrist kimi b\u00fct\u00fcn dinl\u0259r\u0259 nifr\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r s\u0131ras\u0131nda verm\u0259si v\u0259 h\u0259tta papal\u0131\u011fa y\u00fcks\u0259l\u0259 bilm\u0259diyind\u0259n onun \u00f6z yolda\u015flar\u0131ndan qisas almaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 \u201cyeni din\u201d uyduran \u015f\u0259xs \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259svirikimi faktlar da \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 yer al\u0131r. H\u0259tta elmd\u0259 d\u0259 bel\u0259 t\u0259zah\u00fcrl\u0259r \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, ingilis alimi Karl Foster 1829-cu ild\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr etdirdiyi iki cildlik \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r \u201cDaniilin \u00f6nc\u0259g\u00f6rm\u0259l\u0259rinin s\u0259kkizinci hiss\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259svir edil\u0259n ke\u00e7inin ki\u00e7ik buynuzu\u201d (6, 54) \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 verilmi\u015fdir. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf do\u011furan bu c\u00fcr t\u0259svirl\u0259rin katolik kils\u0259sinin y\u00fcks\u0259k n\u00fcfuza malik d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 kils\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259ti faktoru il\u0259 d\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ola bil\u0259r. G\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u015f\u00fcnas \u018fziz Mir\u0259hm\u0259dov m\u0259lumat verir ki, ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n v\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259yin t\u0259nqid h\u0259d\u0259fin\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259n bu m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b\u015f\u00fcnas Y.Belyayev d\u0259 \u201c\u018fr\u0259bl\u0259r islam v\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b xilaf\u0259ti erk\u0259n orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 eyni qiym\u0259ti vermi\u015fdir (4, 56). Y.Belyayev h\u0259min \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 alman \u0259r\u0259b\u015f\u00fcnas\u0131 Q.Qrimin \u201cM\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131n yaln\u0131z din deyil, sosialist h\u0259r\u0259kat kimi s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r.<br \/>\nSual yaran\u0131r: iki q\u00fcvv\u0259tli din \u2013 Xristianl\u0131q il\u0259 \u0130slam aras\u0131nda q\u0259ti s\u0259rh\u0259d \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcrm\u00fc? Nec\u0259 ki katoliklikl\u0259 provaslavl\u0131q, \u015fi\u0259likl\u0259 s\u00fcnnilik aras\u0131nda m\u00fctl\u0259q h\u0259dd qoymaq olmur, bu iki din m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 el\u0259dir. Onlar bir m\u0259x\u0259zd\u0259n, bir m\u0259nb\u0259d\u0259n qaynaq g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u015ei\u0259likl\u0259 s\u00fcnnilik \u0130slam\u0131n, katoliklikl\u0259 provaslavl\u0131q Xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n iki t\u0259r\u0259fidirs\u0259, bu iki q\u00fcvv\u0259tli din d\u0259 el\u0259. H\u0259r ikisi t\u0259kallahl\u0131\u011fa xidm\u0259t edir. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y d\u0259, XX \u0259sr Q\u0259rbinin fikirl\u0259rin\u0259 \u015f\u0259rik \u00e7\u0131xaraq bu iki din aras\u0131nda m\u0259n\u0259vi ba\u011f oldu\u011funu bildirirdi. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 ingilis \u015f\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnas\u0131 Maks M\u00fcller yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c\u0130ll\u0259r \u00f6t\u0259c\u0259k xristianlar M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259di \u0130san\u0131n silahda\u015f\u0131, \u0130slam dinini is\u0259 xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n m\u0259zh\u0259bi kimi tan\u0131yacaqlar; v\u0259 onda h\u0259m xristianlar, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar onlar\u0131n tarixind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n m\u00fcbariz\u0259 v\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131durmalara t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcb ed\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259r\u201d (6, 56). Bu fikr\u0259 rus aliml\u0259ri V.Solovyov v\u0259 Petrov da \u015f\u0259rik \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259yin s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 des\u0259k, \u201cbu g\u00fcn dinl\u0259r emosional m\u00fcnasib\u0259t predmeti deyil, m\u0259n\u0259viyyat\u0131n orijinal t\u0259zah\u00fcrl\u0259rini\u201d \u0259ks etdirir. O, qad\u0131n m\u00f6vzusuna dair \u201cm\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar aras\u0131nda M\u0259ry\u0259m b\u0259zi xristian sektalarda oldu\u011fundan daha h\u00f6rm\u0259tlidir\u201d (6, 56) \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tini bildirir v\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin H\u0259zr\u0259ti M\u0259ry\u0259m haqq\u0131nda s\u0259sl\u0259ndirdiyi fikri \u201cilahi ruhun anas\u0131 olan M\u0259ry\u0259md\u0259n sonra Fatim\u0259 ikinci qad\u0131nd\u0131r\u201d sitat g\u0259tirm\u0259kl\u0259 bu m\u0259n\u0259vi ba\u011fa bir i\u015far\u0259 edir v\u0259 el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Quranda M\u0259ry\u0259min ad\u0131 h\u00f6rm\u0259tl\u0259 an\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu Q\u0259rbin \u0130slam bar\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcrl\u0259ri il\u0259 oxucusunu tan\u0131\u015f etdikd\u0259n sonra qad\u0131n problemin\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259si il\u0259 \u0130slam dini ideologiyas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 z\u0259minind\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. O, m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq \u201c\u0130slam v\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d problemini analiz etm\u0259yin aprior n\u0259tic\u0259 ver\u0259c\u0259yini bildirirdi. M\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rq xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n islamaq\u0259d\u0259rki d\u00f6vrd\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini t\u0259svir ed\u0259n \u0259dib g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, b\u0259d\u0259vi \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 q\u0131z u\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lm\u0259si b\u0259d \u0259lam\u0259t hesab edilmi\u015f, allahlar\u0131n qar\u011f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ail\u0259y\u0259 q\u0131z \u00f6vlad\u0131 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi bar\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcrl\u0259r var idi. \u018fks\u0259r hallarda q\u0131z u\u015faqlar\u0131 diri-diri quma basd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, ba\u015fqas\u0131na sat\u0131l\u0131r yaxud bir ev heyvan\u0131 il\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdirilirdi. \u0130bn X\u0259ldun g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, bu qad\u0131nlar \u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 ki\u015fi cinsin\u0259 m\u0259nsub olan valideynl\u0259rin\u0259 aid olan \u201cmal\u0131n varisi\u201d olmaq h\u00fcququndan da m\u0259hrum idil\u0259r. \u0130slamaq\u0259d\u0259rki d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259rin ya\u015fam t\u0259rzind\u0259 k\u0259binl\u0259rin \u0259xlaqi \u00f6hd\u0259lik deyil, t\u0259sad\u00fcfi birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 xarakteri da\u015f\u0131mas\u0131, poliqamiyan\u0131n (\u00e7oxarvadl\u0131l\u0131q) ba\u015f al\u0131b-getm\u0259si, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 ail\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rinin olmamas\u0131 v\u0259 cahiliyy\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fc \u0259r\u0259b qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ictimai yerl\u0259rd\u0259 \u201cvarl\u0131 tacir axtar\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131\u201d kimi hallar h\u00f6km s\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u018fdibin \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259rin islamaq\u0259d\u0259rki h\u0259yat t\u0259rzinin t\u0259svirini verm\u0259si \u0130slam\u0131n \u0259r\u0259b ya\u015fam t\u0259rzind\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259qli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259sind\u0259 oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rolu g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k, qad\u0131n problemin\u0259 b\u0259d\u0259vi \u0259r\u0259b n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259n baxmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn olduqca faydal\u0131d\u0131r. O, t\u0259kc\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b xalqlar\u0131nda deyil, t\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 farslarda \u201c\u0130slam v\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d problemini \u015f\u0259rh edir. \u018fg\u0259r Misird\u0259, \u018fr\u0259bistanda, \u0130randa qad\u0131n\u0131n \u201cqul\u201da \u00e7evrildiyini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcks\u0259, t\u00fcrk qad\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6z \u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259 gedir, c\u0259surlu\u011fu il\u0259 se\u00e7ilir. T\u00fcrk qad\u0131nlar\u0131\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcnm\u0259si \u0130slam dini il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar olmu\u015fdur. M\u00fcs\u0259lman t\u00fcrk qad\u0131nlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda x\u0259lif\u0259 Harun \u0259r-R\u0259\u015fidin xan\u0131m\u0131 Heyzaran b\u00f6y\u00fck n\u00fcfuz sahibi olmu\u015f, \u201c\u018fmir\u201d v\u0259 \u201cValid Sultan\u201d titullar\u0131na yiy\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdi. Atab\u0259yin xan\u0131m\u0131 Saada-Tarxan-xan\u0131m naib v\u0259zif\u0259sini yerin\u0259 yetirmi\u015f, Atab\u0259yl\u0259r ail\u0259sind\u0259n olan Alma Xat\u0131n \u015eirazda \u00e7arl\u0131q etmi\u015fdir. S\u0259lah\u0259ddin \u018fyyubinin xan\u0131m\u0131 X\u0259dic\u0259 is\u0259 D\u0259m\u0259\u015fqd\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259b v\u0259 kollecl\u0259rin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoymu\u015fdu. Fars qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n islamdan \u00f6nc\u0259ki durumunu t\u0259svir ed\u0259rk\u0259n \u0130ran \u015fairi Firdovsinin \u201c\u015eahnam\u0259\u201dsin\u0259 v\u0259 M.Darmsteterin \u201cZ\u0259nd Avesta\u201d \u0259s\u0259rin\u0259 isnad edir: \u201cQ\u0259dim \u0130randa qad\u0131n tamamil\u0259 k\u00f6l\u0259 hal\u0131nda idi. O, b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 bir dustaq kimi \u00f6m\u00fcr s\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc, Allah\u0131n i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na da h\u0259sr\u0259t idi. M\u00fclki qanunlar qad\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131b-sat\u0131lmas\u0131na da icaz\u0259 verirdi. Darmsteterin \u201cZ\u0259nd Avesta\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 deyildiyi kimi, dini qanunlara g\u00f6r\u0259 o\u011flan \u00f6z anas\u0131, bac\u0131s\u0131, xalas\u0131, bibisi, bac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 ya qarda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131 il\u0259 evl\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259rdi. Qad\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n t\u0259bii g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 \u0130randa qad\u0131nlar ev-e\u015fikd\u0259n uzaq daxmalara \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259li idil\u0259r. Onlara yem\u0259k-i\u00e7m\u0259k g\u0259tir\u0259n adam \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 qulaq v\u0259 burun d\u0259likl\u0259rini t\u0131xaclamal\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259ski sar\u0131mal\u0131 idi; \u00e7\u00fcnki bu vaxt h\u0259min qad\u0131nlar\u0131n v\u00fccudu, h\u0259tta onlar\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n hava v\u0259 \u0259\u015fya il\u0259 t\u0259masda olmaq murdarl\u0131q hesab olunurdu\u201d (6, 59).<br \/>\nAzadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u0259z\u0259li m\u00fcdafi\u0259\u00e7isi olan H\u0259zr\u0259ti M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259din dinind\u0259 &#8211; \u0130slamda qad\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi yer tutur, ona m\u00fcvafiq azadl\u0131qlar verilirdi. T\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil ki, \u201cQurani-K\u0259rim\u201din 16 sur\u0259sind\u0259 (\u201cB\u0259q\u0259r\u0259\u201d, \u201cAli \u0130mran\u201d, \u201cNisa\u201d, \u201cMaid\u0259\u201d, \u201cYusif\u201d, \u201c\u0130brahim\u201d, \u201cN\u0259hl\u201d, \u201cM\u0259ry\u0259m\u201d, \u201cNur\u201d, \u201cN\u0259ml\u201d, \u201cQ\u0259s\u0259s\u201d, \u201c\u018fhzab\u201d, \u201cR\u0259hman\u201d, \u201cM\u00fccadil\u0259\u201d, \u201cT\u0259laq\u201d, \u201cBuruc\u201d) qad\u0131n problemin\u0259 toxunulmu\u015fdur. Kitab\u0131n irih\u0259cmli sur\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birinin \u201cNisa\u201d (\u201cQad\u0131nlar\u201d, 176 ay\u0259) ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r v\u0259 sur\u0259nin m\u0259rk\u0259zi problemi qad\u0131nd\u0131r. \u201cEy insanlar! Sizi t\u0259k bir \u015f\u0259xsd\u0259n (Ad\u0259md\u0259n) x\u0259lq ed\u0259n, ondan z\u00f6vc\u0259sini (H\u0259vvan\u0131) yaradan v\u0259 onlardan da bir \u00e7ox ki\u015fi v\u0259 qad\u0131nlar t\u00f6r\u0259d\u0259n R\u0259bbinizd\u0259n qorxun!\u201d  (1, 55) s\u00f6zl\u0259ri ba\u015flayan \u201cSur\u0259tun-Nisa\u201d qad\u0131na xor bax\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanda bir inqilabi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f kimi s\u0259sl\u0259nir.<br \/>\n \u201cM\u0259ni hans\u0131 g\u00fcnah\u0131ma g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrs\u0259n?\u201d sual\u0131 il\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015f\u0259n valideynl\u0259r\u0259 \u201c\u00f6z u\u015faqlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259yin!\u201d \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259ndi. Q\u0131z \u00f6vladlar\u0131na m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259ti \u00f6z q\u0131z\u0131 Fatim\u0259y\u0259 sevgisi il\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rdi. \u201cC\u0259nn\u0259t analar\u0131n ayaqlar\u0131 alt\u0131ndad\u0131r\u201d dedi. Cahilliy\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 y\u00fcz\u0259 yax\u0131n arvad\u0131 olan q\u0259bil\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131 az deyildi. Poliqamiyaya qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131q k\u0259binl\u0259rin say\u0131 d\u00f6rdl\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu. Ancaq h\u0259r birin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259dal\u0259tli olmaq \u015f\u0259rtil\u0259, y\u0259ni eyni c\u00fcr davranmal\u0131, eyni r\u0259ftar edilm\u0259k \u015f\u0259rtil\u0259. Bu is\u0259 faktiki olaraq monoqamiyaya g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xarmal\u0131 idi. \u00c7\u00fcnki a\u011f\u0131r \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r alt\u0131nda d\u00f6rd qad\u0131nla evli olmaq olduqca \u00e7\u0259tindir. \u201cQuran\u201dda bu bar\u0259d\u0259 deyilir: \u201cSiz he\u00e7 vaxt qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131zla tam m\u0259nada \u0259dal\u0259tli m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r qura bilm\u0259zsiniz &#8230; \u018fg\u0259r sizin b\u00fct\u00fcn qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131za m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259ti g\u00f6zl\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yiniz\u0259 az da olsa \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259niz varsa bir qad\u0131nla evl\u0259nin. Bu, \u0259dal\u0259tsizliy\u0259 yol verm\u0259m\u0259yin, g\u00fcnah i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259m\u0259yin \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 vasit\u0259sidir\u201d. H\u0259tta qad\u0131nlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n x\u0259yan\u0259tl\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fildiyi halda onlar\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamaq m\u0259qbul hesab edilir v\u0259 d\u00f6rd \u015fahid ist\u0259nilir. Bo\u015fanma m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si is\u0259 \u201ctalaq\u201d qaydas\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilirdi. \u201cTadcamunn\u201d ad\u0131 il\u0259 bilin\u0259n ad\u0259t\u0259 &#8211; \u201c\u0259r axtarmaq\u201d m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 ictimai yerl\u0259r\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q-sa\u00e7\u0131q geyiml\u0259rd\u0259 ged\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259, pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin yan\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 eyib yerl\u0259rinin \u00f6rt\u00fcnm\u0259si, daha sonra \u201chicab\u201d buyuruldu. \u018fr\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 gu\u015f\u0259ni\u015finliyin M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dd\u0259n xeyli \u0259vv\u0259l m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011funu bildir\u0259n \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu tarix\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r v\u0259 ilk x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 ki\u015fil\u0259rl\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n eyni m\u0259clisd\u0259 oturmas\u0131, ictimai yerl\u0259rd\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259t etm\u0259si v\u0259 h\u0259tta Ayi\u015f\u0259nin orduya ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etm\u0259si kimi faktlar\u0131 misal g\u0259tirir. \u0130lk \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r qad\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259\u00e7isi olan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259ri qad\u0131nlar daha \u00e7ox himay\u0259 edirdil\u0259r. B\u00fct\u00fcn var d\u00f6vl\u0259tini din yolunda x\u0259rcl\u0259y\u0259n X\u0259dic\u0259, \u0259rind\u0259n gizlin islam\u0131 q\u0259bul edib H\u0259b\u0259\u015fistana qa\u00e7an \u00dcmm\u00fc H\u0259bib\u0259, \u00d6m\u0259rin islam\u0131n q\u0259bul etm\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck rolu olan bac\u0131s\u0131 Fatim\u0259 buna \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rn\u0259kl\u0259rdir.<br \/>\n\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259kam\u00fcl tarixini d\u00f6rd d\u00f6vr\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcrd\u00fc: \u201c1. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dd\u0259n \u018fm\u0259vil\u0259rin hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259rki d\u00f6vr; 2. \u018fm\u0259vil\u0259rd\u0259n t\u00fcrk hakimiyy\u0259tin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259rki d\u00f6vr; 3. T\u00fcrk hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fc; 4. Qad\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259ti al\u00e7almas\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fc\u201d (6, 66). \u0130slam\u0131n ilkin d\u00f6vr\u00fc bu tarixi t\u0259kam\u00fcl d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn birinci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sini \u0259hat\u0259 edir. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin v\u0259 d\u00f6rd x\u0259lif\u0259nin \u2013 H\u0259zr\u0259ti \u018fbub\u0259kr, H\u0259zr\u0259ti \u00d6m\u0259r, H\u0259zr\u0259ti Osman, H\u0259zr\u0259ti \u018flinin hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131nda \u201cciddilik v\u0259 \u0259xlaq m\u00f6hk\u0259mliyi, din yolunda \u0259zablara d\u00f6zm\u0259, q\u0259hr\u0259manl\u0131q \u015f\u00f6vq\u00fc, poeziyaya v\u0259 moiz\u0259y\u0259 meyil\u201d \u0259sas t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. M\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131nda X\u0259dic\u0259, Fatim\u0259, Ai\u015f\u0259 kimi \u0130slam c\u0259bh\u0259sinin \u00f6nd\u0259 ged\u0259n  qad\u0131nlar\u0131ndan  n\u00fcmun\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcb yeni z\u0259minli xarakter \u2013 \u201c\u0130slam qad\u0131n\u0131\u201d formala\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn var-d\u00f6vl\u0259tini \u0130slam u\u011frunda f\u0259dakarcas\u0131na s\u0259rf ed\u0259n, g\u00fccl\u00fc qohumlar\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 giri\u015f\u0259n X\u0259dic\u0259 \u0130slam qad\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00fcc, s\u0259xav\u0259t, Fatim\u0259 d\u00f6z\u00fcm v\u0259 s\u0259bat r\u0259mzi kimi s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259nirs\u0259, Ai\u015f\u0259 is\u0259 ki\u00e7ik ya\u015flar\u0131ndan pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r \u0259xlaq\u0131 il\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n simvolu idi. \u0130slam dininin v\u0259 onun pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rinin qad\u0131na olan humanist m\u00f6vqeyi, qad\u0131na h\u00fcquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar tan\u0131mas\u0131 islam\u0131n ilkin d\u00f6vrl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131nlara olan m\u00fcnasib\u0259tin y\u00fcks\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. \u0130slam\u0131n sonrak\u0131 d\u00f6vrl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n n\u00fcfuzunun artmas\u0131 bu y\u00f6nd\u0259 H\u0259zr\u0259ti M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259din (s.\u0259.v) apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259zmkar m\u00fcbariz\u0259 v\u0259 qazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk u\u011furlarla \u0259sasl\u0131 sur\u0259td\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 idi. \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131n ilk u\u011furlar\u0131nda Belal, X\u0259dic\u0259 kimi qad\u0131nlar\u0131n da rolu az deyildi. Qad\u0131nlar pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck r\u0259\u011fb\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. Frans\u0131z alim Ernest Renan bu bar\u0259d\u0259 qeyd edir: \u201cQad\u0131nlar\u0131n r\u0259\u011fb\u0259ti pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin ilk \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda \u00f6z \u00fcnvan\u0131na e\u015fitdiyi t\u0259hqirl\u0259r\u0259 d\u00f6z\u00fcml\u00fc olma\u011fa m\u0259cbur edirdi\u201d (6, 66).<br \/>\nM\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259kam\u00fcl tarixinin ikinci d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 &#8211; \u018fm\u0259vi x\u0259lif\u0259si Xi\u015fam v\u0259 Validin  hakimiyy\u0259ti zaman\u0131nda m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n daha da t\u0259r\u0259qqi etdiyini bildir\u0259n \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu onlar\u0131n t\u0259lim-t\u0259rbiy\u0259sinin ki\u015fil\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r apar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, onlar\u0131n poeziya, natiqlik kimi s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif bilik sah\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259ndikl\u0259rini qeyd edir. Bu d\u00f6vr m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259n\u0259vi kamillik n\u00fcmun\u0259si olaraq \u0130bn H\u0259llaq\u0131n \u201cBioqrafik Ensiklopediyas\u0131na\u201d \u0259saslanaraq \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y d\u0259 \u0130mam H\u00fcseynin q\u0131z\u0131 S\u00fckeyn\u0259ni g\u00f6st\u0259rir. O, ensiklopediyada \u201cd\u00f6vr\u00fcn qad\u0131nlar\u0131 i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259llikd\u0259, z\u0259kada v\u0259 xeyirxahl\u0131qda birinci qad\u0131n\u201d \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259svir olunur. D\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn qibt\u0259 olunan qad\u0131n\u0131 S\u00fckeyn\u0259 bar\u0259d\u0259 \u201cX\u0259lif\u0259lik d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u201d kitab\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifi de Slane, frans\u0131z \u015f\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnas\u0131 Perron b\u00f6y\u00fck r\u0259\u011fb\u0259tl\u0259 b\u0259hs a\u00e7m\u0131\u015flar. Bu m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 S\u00fckeyn\u0259nin n\u0259inki qad\u0131nlar, h\u0259m d\u0259 ki\u015fil\u0259r aras\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259sir g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u0259 malik oldu\u011fu qeyd edilir. Onun geyimi, duru\u015fu, davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 t\u0259qlid edilir, qad\u0131nlar h\u0259r c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n ona b\u0259nz\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Ondan m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn uzaq yerl\u0259rd\u0259n ziyar\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259lirdil\u0259r. \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu h\u0259tta S\u00fckeyn\u0259nin \u015f\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 \u201cTurrat-\u00fcl-S\u00fckeyn\u0259\u201dsar\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. \u018fziz Mir\u0259hm\u0259dov S\u00fckeyn\u0259nin m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar aras\u0131nda unudulmas\u0131na t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf\u00fcn\u00fc bildirir v\u0259 \u201cbu fakt bir d\u0259 ona g\u00f6r\u0259 ibr\u0259tli v\u0259 ac\u0131d\u0131r ki, S\u00fckeyna il\u0259 eyni vaxtda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f v\u0259 \u201c\u0130ncilin eyn\u0259n icras\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259n Rabi\u0259nin m\u0259qb\u0259r\u0259si dini bir ziyar\u0259tgaha \u00e7evrilmi\u015f\u201d v\u0259 Xaqani kimi \u015fairl\u0259r f\u0259xrl\u0259 \u00f6z analar\u0131n\u0131 onunla m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etmi\u015fl\u0259r\u201d (4, 67)<br \/>\nAbbasil\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fc qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n xronikas\u0131n\u0131 ver\u0259n \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu \u201c\u0259r\u0259b m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti Abbasil\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259lib sonra bird\u0259n iflasa u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6z inki\u015faf\u0131nda \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131b bird\u0259n geril\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131\u201d (6, 72) \u2013 s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 III d\u00f6vr\u00fc s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndirir. O, bu iflas\u0131 \u0259xlaq\u0131n pozulmas\u0131, h\u0259yat t\u0259rzind\u0259 sad\u0259liyin itirilm\u0259si v\u0259 farslar\u0131n, suriyal\u0131lar\u0131n t\u0259siri il\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131r. Abbasil\u0259r farslar\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yil\u0259 \u0130randa hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdikl\u0259rind\u0259n onlarda iranp\u0259r\u0259stlik \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131q-a\u015fkar g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. Fars m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti \u0130slam m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tini z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdirs\u0259 d\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131n \u00f6z q\u00fcdr\u0259tini itirm\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynad\u0131.<br \/>\nAbbasil\u0259rin hakimiyy\u0259tinin ilk d\u00f6vrl\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131 elm\u0259, s\u0259n\u0259t\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nir v\u0259 h\u0259tta idar\u0259\u00e7ilikd\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259msil olunurdular. \u018fdib \u201cBiliy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 meyil, m\u0259ns\u0259bind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq o d\u00f6vr\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn qad\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xas idi\u201d (6, 77) s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131n\u0131n ke\u00e7diyi bu tarixi d\u00f6vr\u00fc s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndirir. \u0130lk abbasi \u018fb\u00fcl-Abbas\u0131n xan\u0131m\u0131 \u00dcmm\u00fc S\u0259l\u0259m\u0259, x\u0259lif\u0259 M\u0259hdinin xan\u0131m\u0131 Heyzaran x\u0259lif\u0259 Harun \u0259r-R\u0259\u015fidin h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 Z\u00fcbeyd\u0259, x\u0259lif\u0259nin bac\u0131s\u0131 Abbas\u0259 bu d\u00f6vr\u00fcn n\u00fcfuzlu qad\u0131nlar\u0131 idi. \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu tarix\u00e7i M\u0259sudinin \u201cQ\u0131z\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259r\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259n \u201conun \u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259siri o q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck idi ki, \u0259ri onunla m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259\u015fm\u0259d\u0259n, b\u0259z\u0259n is\u0259 h\u0259tta onun raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan he\u00e7 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 dair q\u0259rar verm\u0259zdi\u201d (6, 74) sitat\u0131n\u0131 g\u0259tir\u0259r\u0259k \u00dcmm\u00fc S\u0259l\u0259m\u0259nin nec\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u0259 malik oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Qabaqc\u0131l f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n, kas\u0131blar\u0131, \u015fair v\u0259 \u0259dibl\u0259rin himay\u0259\u00e7isi Heyzaran da h\u0259m x\u0259lif\u0259 \u0259ri \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 olduqca g\u00fccl\u00fc t\u0259sir\u0259 malik idi, h\u0259m d\u0259 xalq aras\u0131nda xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7iliyi v\u0259 s\u0259xav\u0259ti il\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259t qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bir \u00e7ox \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 Q\u0259rb yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n diqq\u0259tini \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 c\u0259lb etmi\u015f, a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131, xeyirxah, sad\u0259dil v\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l qad\u0131n \u2013 Z\u00fcbeyd\u0259 h\u0259m abadl\u0131q, idar\u0259\u00e7ilik i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259 yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirak edir, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u201ckas\u0131b \u015fair v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n himay\u0259dar\u0131\u201d idi. \u018fb\u0259s yer\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y \u201cBa\u011fdad \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri \u00f6z \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259ti v\u0259 \u0259z\u0259m\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u0259hz bu qad\u0131na minn\u0259tdar olmal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d (6, 75) s\u00f6zl\u0259rini demir v\u0259 onun t\u0259kc\u0259 Ba\u011fdad deyil, \u018fr\u0259bistan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc i\u015fl\u0259ri sadalay\u0131r. Abbas\u0259 d\u0259 Z\u00fcbeyd\u0259 kimi xilaf\u0259tin ictimai v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi h\u0259yat\u0131nda f\u0259al i\u015ftirak edirdi v\u0259 \u00f6z g\u00f6z\u0259l m\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 se\u00e7ilirdi. Ancaq onun B\u0259rm\u0259kil\u0259rd\u0259n olan g\u0259nc s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259 C\u0259f\u0259rl\u0259 nakam sevgi mac\u0259ras\u0131 bu d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u0259xlaq qaydalar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 x\u0259lif\u0259 Harun \u0259r-R\u0259\u015fidin xarakterini a\u00e7an c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0259ks etdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir \u00e7ox \u0259dib v\u0259 tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin diqq\u0259tini \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015fdi. \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu h\u0259tta bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 \u015f\u0259rqlil\u0259rd\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259ll\u0259rin yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir v\u0259 \u201cxo\u015fb\u0259xtliy\u0259 bel ba\u011flama \u2013 o, B\u0259rm\u0259kil\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 xain \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u201d (6, 76) m\u0259s\u0259lini n\u00fcmun\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<br \/>\nXVI \u0259sr yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Siyutinin \u201c&#8230; Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rin z\u0259ifliyi ucbat\u0131ndan hakimiyy\u0259t tamamil\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015fdi v\u0259 i\u015f o yer\u0259 \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, g\u0259nc x\u0259lif\u0259nin anas\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259ti m\u00fcst\u0259qil idar\u0259 edirdi; &#8230; o, \u00f6z ad\u0131ndan qanunlar \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131rd\u0131\u201d (6, 77) sitat\u0131 x\u0259lif\u0259 I Matazidin xan\u0131m\u0131 Katr \u00fcl-Nadan\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndirir. M\u0259hz \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y Katr \u00fcl-Nada bar\u0259d\u0259 ilkin m\u0259lumat verdikd\u0259n sonra bu sitat\u0131 g\u0259tirir. Katr \u00fcl-Nada \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti il\u0259 XX \u0259sr m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131n\u0131 aras\u0131nda ciddi f\u0259rq v\u0259 h\u0259tta t\u0259zad vard\u0131. \u0130dar\u0259edici qad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda iki Misir \u015fahzad\u0259sinin \u2013 Sitt \u00fcl-M\u00fclk v\u0259 Saqrru-Durun da ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259lidir.<br \/>\nD\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u00f6z elmi, biliyi il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu Ba\u011fdad m\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyata dair m\u00fchazir\u0259l\u0259r oxuyan F\u0259xrun-Nis\u0259nin, ki\u015fi v\u0259 qad\u0131nlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn teologiya kursu ke\u00e7\u0259n \u00dcmm\u00fcl-Xeyr Fatim\u0259nin, m\u0259\u015fhur \u015eafinin m\u00fc\u0259llimi olan Seidey N\u0259fis\u0259nin ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kir. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259m d\u0259 \u015f\u00fcca\u0259ti il\u0259 se\u00e7ilirdi. \u018fmir Asaman\u0131n t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131nda dediyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 xa\u00e7 y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259 onun anas\u0131 v\u0259 bac\u0131s\u0131, x\u0259lif\u0259 M\u0259nsurun d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Bizansla m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 iki qad\u0131n qohumu i\u015ftirak etmi\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259rbi geyimd\u0259 vuru\u015fmu\u015flar. \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ran t\u0259sirin\u0259 uyaraq kosmetika v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259m intriqalar\u0131na h\u0259dsiz qur\u015fanmas\u0131 onlar\u0131 elmd\u0259n, s\u0259n\u0259td\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131rmaqla qalmad\u0131, h\u0259tta n\u00fcfuzlar\u0131n\u0131 itirm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. H\u0259r\u0259mxanalar is\u0259 farslardan m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlara ke\u00e7mi\u015f ad\u0259t idi. Qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u0259qli f\u0259aliyy\u0259td\u0259n uzaqla\u015f\u0131b passiv h\u0259r\u0259m h\u0259yat\u0131na ke\u00e7idi onlar\u0131n t\u0259n\u0259zz\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 idi. Misir, Hindistan v\u0259 \u0130spaniyada ya\u015fayan m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n da \u00fcmumi s\u0259ciyy\u0259sini ver\u0259n \u0259dib m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n nicat\u0131n\u0131n qad\u0131n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si v\u0259 \u0259lifba islahat\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu bildirir. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259yin m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n tarixi inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n bu v\u0259 ya dig\u0259r d\u00f6vrd\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcks\u0259li\u015finin d\u0259, s\u00fcqutunun da maarifl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259n d\u0259qiq faktor kimi qar\u015f\u0131da dayan\u0131r. Qad\u0131n oxuduqca, elm\u0259, t\u0259hsil\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259ndikc\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259ldi v\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc y\u00fcks\u0259lm\u0259di. \u00d6z ail\u0259sini v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tini d\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259ltdi. Q\u0259liz \u0259r\u0259b qrafikal\u0131 \u0259lifbadan qurtulmaq XIX v\u0259 XX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan ziyal\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259llin\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n idi. Bu \u0259lifba maarifl\u0259nm\u0259nin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ng\u0259l idi. M\u0259hz bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu da \u0259lifba islahat\u0131n\u0131n ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sini vacib say\u0131rd\u0131. Yusuf Ak\u00e7ura \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259yin islam q\u00f6vml\u0259rinin qurtulu\u015fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u201cqad\u0131n\u201d v\u0259 \u201c\u0259lifba\u201d probleml\u0259rinin islah\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sini qoymas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259qdir edir.<br \/>\n\u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu bu iki m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n qat\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259ni hesab ed\u0259r\u0259k \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t \u0259hlini Quran\u0131 v\u0259 dini t\u0259hrif etm\u0259kd\u0259n yaxa qurtarma\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. \u018fdib m\u0259\u015fhur t\u00fcrk \u015fairi \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259yyam\u0131n \u201c\u0130slam\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc he\u00e7 bir q\u00fcsura malik deyil, b\u00fct\u00fcn q\u00fcsurlar bizim m\u00fcs\u0259lman\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdad\u0131r\u201d (6, 58) \u2013 s\u00f6zl\u0259rini xat\u0131rladaraq \u0130slamda qad\u0131na veril\u0259n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 m\u0259hz \u201cm\u00fcs\u0259lman\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u201d \u0259ld\u0259n almas\u0131na i\u015far\u0259 edirdi.<br \/>\n\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flunun \u201c\u0130slama g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 \u0130slamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 qald\u0131r\u0131lan probleml\u0259r t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcfl\u0259r olsun ki, bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 tam olaraq \u00f6z h\u0259llini tapmay\u0131b v\u0259 \u00f6z aktuall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 saxlay\u0131r. M\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131n\u0131 bir zamanlar y\u00fcks\u0259ldiyi zirv\u0259y\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 qalxa bilmir. H\u0259r\u0259mxana yoxdursa da, m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t qay\u011f\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0259n\u0259t\u0259 mara\u011f\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir \u0259ng\u0259l\u0259 \u00e7evrilibs\u0259, geyim-ke\u00e7im\u0259 h\u0259dd\u0259n ziyad\u0259 vur\u011funluq t\u0259hsil\u0259, elm\u0259 h\u0259v\u0259si azald\u0131b. Nec\u0259 dey\u0259rl\u0259r, h\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u00f6z problemi&#8230;!<br \/>\n\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n XX \u0259srd\u0259ki (v\u0259 el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc) v\u0259ziyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sini fars v\u0259 Suriya m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin pozucu t\u0259siri il\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131r. O, m\u00fcs\u0259lman xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n ilkin islamdan uzaqla\u015fmas\u0131, qad\u0131n\u0131n sosial v\u0259 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u0259l m\u00f6vqeyini itirm\u0259si bu t\u0259sirl\u0259r\u0259 uyumla \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirir. Zamanla bu \u0259ks-t\u0259sirl\u0259r t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131na da n\u00fcfuz etmi\u015fdi. \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu m\u00fcs\u0259lman xalqlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda pozucu t\u0259sirl\u0259r\u0259 uymayan t\u00fcrk-tatarlar v\u0259 \u0130spaniya ma\u011fribil\u0259ri aras\u0131nda s\u0259rb\u0259stliyin qalmas\u0131n\u0131 qeyd edir. M\u00fcbariz S\u00fcleymanl\u0131 bunu \u201c\u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi fars k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259sind\u0259n uzaqla\u015faraq az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n modern milliyy\u0259t\u00e7i ideal\u0131na yax\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131\u201d (6, 19) il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirir. Bildir\u0259k ki, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r islamdan \u00f6nc\u0259 d\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259st ya\u015fam s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r v\u0259 islam\u0131n g\u0259tirdiyi yeni ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f, yeni d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 onlar\u0131n qad\u0131n azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259n almam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u018fn\u0259n\u0259vi fars k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc bu qad\u0131nlar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 v\u0259 ya\u015fam t\u0259rzin\u0259 t\u0259sir etdikc\u0259 onlar xarakter etibaril\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fmi\u015f, \u0259vv\u0259lki n\u00fcfuz v\u0259 sosial h\u00fcququnu itirmi\u015fl\u0259r. Qad\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sar\u0259t z\u0259ncirl\u0259ri il\u0259 h\u00fcququnun \u0259ld\u0259n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ran \u0130slam Respublikas\u0131nda v\u0259 Suriya, Livan kimi \u0259r\u0259b \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 qalmaqdad\u0131r. \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 qad\u0131na s\u0259sverm\u0259 h\u00fcququ ver\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri v\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131 sosial fiqur kimi tan\u0131yan, \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin ictimai-siyasi h\u0259yat\u0131nda yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirak etm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 imkan yaradan \u00fcmum\u0259n t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n islaml\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilkin islama yana\u015fma meyli a\u015fkar g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<br \/>\n\u018fd\u0259biyyat:<br \/>\n1.     \u201cQurani-K\u0259rim\u201din Az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 m\u0259naca t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259si. (\u018fr\u0259b dilind\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 ed\u0259nl\u0259r: akademik Ziya B\u00fcnyadov, akademik Vasim M\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259liyev). Bak\u0131, \u201c\u015e\u0259rq-Q\u0259rb\u201d N\u0259\u015friyyat evi, 2012, 568 s.<br \/>\n2.     Ahmet A\u011fao\u011flu. \u0130slaml\u0131kta kad\u0131n. \u0130stanbul, Nebio\u011flu Yay\u0131nevi, 1959, 60 s.<br \/>\n3.     Ak\u00e7ura Y. T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn tarihi. \u0130stanbul, Kaynak yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2001<br \/>\n4.     Mir\u0259hm\u0259dov \u018f. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu. Bak\u0131, \u018frg\u00fcn\u0259\u015f, 2014, 264 s.<br \/>\n5.     \u018fziz\u0259liyeva B. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flunun \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda qad\u0131na m\u00fcnasib\u0259t bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259l\u0259ri \/\/ 525-ci q\u0259zet, 13 dekabr 2016, s.6<br \/>\n6.     S\u00fcleymanl\u0131 M. \u018fhm\u0259d A\u011fao\u011flunun \u201c\u0130slama g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d \u0259s\u0259rin\u0259 elmi-t\u0259nqidi yana\u015fmalar. Bak\u0131, 2008, 148 s.<br \/>\n7.     Ufuk \u00d6zcan. Y\u00fczy\u0131l d\u00f6neminde bat\u0131c\u0131 bir ayd\u0131n Ahmet A\u011fao\u011flu ve rol de\u011fi\u015fikliyi. \u0130stanbul, Kitabevi, 316 s.<\/p>\n<p>T\u0259hmin\u0259 V\u0259liyeva<br \/>\n\u018fHM\u018fD B\u018fY A\u011eAO\u011eLUNUN \u201c\u0130SLAMA G\u00d6R\u018f V\u018f \u0130SLAM\u0130YY\u018fTD\u018f QADIN\u201d \u018fS\u018fR\u0130ND\u018f M\u00dcS\u018fLMAN QADININ S\u018fC\u0130YY\u018fS\u0130<br \/>\nX\u00fclas\u0259: \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flunun \u201c\u0130slama g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131n\u201d \u0259s\u0259ri \u0130slam\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi probleml\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan qad\u0131n problemin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015fdur. \u018fs\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131n\u0131 problemi tarixi v\u0259 m\u00fcasir aspektd\u0259n t\u0259dqiq olunur. Burada qad\u0131n problemi m\u00fcxt\u0259lif zamanlarda &#8211; islamaq\u0259d\u0259rki d\u00f6vr, \u0130slam\u0131n ilk ill\u0259ri, \u018fm\u0259vil\u0259r, Abbasil\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fc v\u0259 XIX \u0259sr, XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y m\u00fcasiri oldu\u011fu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 qad\u0131n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sini canl\u0131 h\u0259yatdan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 konkret n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 verir. Lakin islamaq\u0259d\u0259rki d\u00f6vrd\u0259, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r v\u0259 \u0130slam x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259ri zaman\u0131nda m\u00fcs\u0259lman xalqlar\u0131nda qad\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti onlar\u0131n m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 t\u0259rzini ifad\u0259 ed\u0259n etibarl\u0131 elmi qaynaqlara \u0259sas\u0259n \u015f\u0259rh edilir. \u0130slamdan \u00f6nc\u0259 v\u0259 islam\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif d\u00f6vrl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00f6vcud olan m\u00fcnasib\u0259t burada \u00f6z \u0259ksini tap\u0131r. Bu is\u0259 konkret problem \u00fczr\u0259 tarix\u0259n m\u00fcqayis\u0259 aparma\u011fa \u0259sasl\u0131 material verir.<br \/>\nQad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u0130slam\u0131n ilk d\u00f6vrl\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259rar\u0259tl\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259sini \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu islamaq\u0259d\u0259rki d\u00f6vrd\u0259 onlar\u0131n ac\u0131nacaql\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirir. \u018fs\u0259rd\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131n qad\u0131na verdiyi h\u00fcquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar \u00f6n\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilir. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flunun \u0130slamda qad\u0131n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sini bu q\u0259d\u0259r qabartmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bi is\u0259 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259 qad\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 olan m\u00fcnasib\u0259tdir. Qad\u0131n\u0131 ictimai h\u0259yat\u0131n \u0259n \u00f6n\u0259mli par\u00e7as\u0131 hesab ed\u0259n \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y qad\u0131nlar\u0131n h\u00fcquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nTahmina Valiyeva<br \/>\nTHE CHARACTER OF MUSL\u0130M WOMAN \u0130N AHMAD BAY AGHAOGHLU\u2019S \u201cWOMAN \u0130N \u0130SLAM AND \u0130SLAM\u0130C WORLD\u201d<br \/>\nSummary: Ahmad Aghaoghlu\u2019s \u201cWoman in \u0130slam and \u0130slamic world\u201d was devoted to the woman problem which was the main issue of \u0130slam. \u0130n this work the problem of muslim woman was investigated on historical and modern aspects. The woman problem has explored here at different times \u2013 in pre-\u0130slamic period, the early years of \u0130slam, the Amavis, the Abbasies and in the end of the 19th century and early 20th century. Ahmad bay showed about this topic with specific examples in modern, real life. But in this work, the condition of woman in muslim people was talked in the period of pre-islamic, the prophet Muhammed and the \u0130slamic caliph\u2019s time, it based on reliable scientific resources, showing their lifestyle and the way of thinking. The occasion to muslim woman has reflected in pre-islam and different periods in there. This gives important material to compare on a specific problem.<br \/>\nAhmad bay Aghaoghlu attributes women&#8217;s strongly support to \u0130slam in the early years of \u0130slam with their pitiful situation in the pre-islamic period. \u0130n this work the rights and freedoms are highlighted that giving by \u0130slam to women. The main reason of Ahmad bay Aghaoghlu\u2019s women issues in \u0130slam promotion is the attitude to women in the islamic world. Ahmad bay who sees women as the most important part of public life, defends the recognition of women&#8217;s rights and freedoms.<br \/>\n\u0422\u0430\u0445\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430<br \/>\n\u0425\u0410\u0420\u0410\u041a\u0422\u0415\u0420 \u041c\u0423\u0421\u0423\u041b\u042c\u041c\u0410\u041d\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0419 \u0416\u0415\u041d\u0429\u0418\u041d\u042b \u0412 \u0410\u0425\u041c\u0410\u0414 \u0411\u0415\u0419 \u0410\u0413\u0410\u0413\u041e\u0413\u041b\u0423 \u00ab\u0416\u0415\u041d\u0429\u0418\u041d\u0410 \u0412 \u0418\u0421\u041b\u0410\u041c\u0415 \u0418 \u0418\u0421\u041b\u0410\u041c\u0421\u041a\u041e\u041c \u041c\u0418\u0420\u0415\u00bb<br \/>\n\u0420\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0435: \u00ab\u0416\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435\u00bb \u0410\u0445\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0410\u0433\u0430\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0430. \u0412  \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f &#8211; \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434, \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0430, \u0410\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430, \u0410\u0431\u0431\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0439, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 19-\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 20-\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u0410\u0445\u043c\u0430\u0434 \u0411\u044d\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438. \u041d\u043e \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u044f\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e-\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u041c\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u0430, \u043e\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435.<br \/>\n\u0410\u0445\u043c\u0430\u0434 \u0431\u044d\u0439 \u0410\u0433\u0430\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0430\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0434\u043e-\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0410\u0445\u043c\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0411\u044d\u0439 \u0410\u0433\u0430\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0443 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0418\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0430 &#8211; \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435. \u0410\u0445\u043c\u0430\u0434 \u0411\u044d\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>AMEA Nizami G\u0259nc\u0259vi ad\u0131na \u018fd\u0259biyyat \u0130nstitutunun M\u0259tbuat tarixi v\u0259 publisistika \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin ki\u00e7ik elmi i\u015f\u00e7isi, Az\u0259rbaycan Jurnalistl\u0259r Birliyi Sumqay\u0131t \u015f\u0259h\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n G\u00fcnd\u0259lik Analitik \u0130nformasiya Agentliyinin (gundelik.info) v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t v\u0259 \u018fd\u0259biyyat Portal\u0131n\u0131n (edebiyyat-az.com) &#8220;Publisistika&#8221; \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin redaktoru. valiyevatahmina@gmail.com \u018fHM\u018fD B\u018fY A\u011eAO\u011eLUNUN \u201c\u0130SLAMA G\u00d6R\u018f V\u018f \u0130SLAM\u0130YY\u018fTD\u018f QADIN\u201d \u018fS\u018fR\u0130ND\u018f M\u00dcS\u018fLMAN QADININ S\u018fC\u0130YY\u018fS\u0130 A\u00e7ar s\u00f6zl\u0259r: \u0130slam, m\u00fcs\u0259lman xalqlar\u0131, qad\u0131n, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pub"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=33637"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33637\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33649,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33637\/revisions\/33649"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=33637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=33637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=33637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}