{"id":54054,"date":"2026-11-10T17:08:27","date_gmt":"2026-11-10T13:08:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=54054"},"modified":"2026-11-10T17:17:40","modified_gmt":"2026-11-10T13:17:40","slug":"xix-esr-azerbaycan-elm-ve-medeniyyet-tarixinde-ebdulkerim-aga-qayibovun-yeri-ve-elmi-ictimai-irsixix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=54054","title":{"rendered":"XIX \u018fSR AZ\u018fRBAYCAN ELM V\u018f M\u018fD\u018fN\u0130YY\u018fT TAR\u0130X\u0130ND\u018f \u018fBD\u00dcLK\u018fR\u0130M A\u011eA QAYIBOVUN YER\u0130 V\u018f ELM\u0130-\u0130CT\u0130MA\u0130 \u0130RS\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan maarif\u00e7ilik h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 v\u0259 elmi intibah\u0131, t\u0259kc\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi-f\u0259ls\u0259fi fikrin deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 fundamental v\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi elml\u0259rin inki\u015faf\u0131 il\u0259 xarakteriz\u0259 olunur. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Avropa t\u0259hsili g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, h\u0259rbi v\u0259 m\u00fclki elml\u0259r\u0259 vaqif olmu\u015f az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 ziyal\u0131lar milli t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn co\u011frafiyas\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fl\u0259ndirmi\u015fl\u0259r. Bel\u0259 unikal \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc riyaziyyat, astronomiya, t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7ilik v\u0259 teatr s\u0259n\u0259tinin inki\u015faf\u0131na h\u0259sr etmi\u015f \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa N\u0259siba\u011fa o\u011flu Qay\u0131bovdur (1851\u20131894). G\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u015fair Molla V\u0259li Vidadinin q\u0131z n\u0259v\u0259si olan \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa, m\u0259nsub oldu\u011fu Qay\u0131bovlar n\u0259slinin intellektual potensial\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259rbi topoqrafiya v\u0259 astronomiya m\u00fcst\u0259visind\u0259 \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259msil etmi\u015fdir. Onun elmi irsi v\u0259 ictimai t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcsl\u0259ri, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 “\u0130slam t\u0259qvimi” adl\u0131 fundamental \u0259s\u0259ri v\u0259 Tiflis m\u0259d\u0259ni m\u00fchitind\u0259ki f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, Az\u0259rbaycan elmi-m\u0259d\u0259ni fikrinin Avropa v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rq sintezin\u0259 s\u00f6yk\u0259n\u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sini t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bu t\u0259dqiqatda \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fain h\u0259m elm tarixi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcst\u0259sna \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb ed\u0259n astronomik hesablamalar\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 “K\u0259\u015fk\u00fcl” q\u0259zeti \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 milli-ictimai xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri arxiv materiallar\u0131 v\u0259 d\u00f6vri m\u0259tbuat kontekstind\u0259 yenid\u0259n d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirilir.\u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa N\u0259siba\u011fa o\u011flu Qay\u0131bov 1851-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim elm v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t ocaqlar\u0131ndan olan Qazax q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n Salahl\u0131 k\u0259ndind\u0259, ziyal\u0131 bir ail\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6z a\u00e7m\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Onun ana t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n \u015f\u0259c\u0259r\u0259si b\u00f6y\u00fck Az\u0259rbaycan \u015fairi Molla V\u0259li Vidadinin n\u0259slin\u0259 ba\u011flan\u0131r; o, \u015fairin q\u0131z n\u0259v\u0259si Fatma xan\u0131m\u0131n o\u011fludur. Bu k\u00f6kl\u00fc intellektual m\u00fchit onun g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k taleyind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u0130lk t\u0259hsilini tamamlad\u0131qdan sonra Tiflis kadet korpusuna daxil olmu\u015f, buran\u0131 bitirdikd\u0259n sonra is\u0259 Sankt-Peterburq top\u00e7uluq m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 ali h\u0259rbi t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u0130yirmi bir ya\u015f\u0131nda h\u0259rbi-topoqrafiya m\u0259kt\u0259bini \u0259la qiym\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 qurtararaq imperiya ordusunda zabit kimi xidm\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Lakin t\u0259bi\u0259t\u0259n elm\u0259, t\u0259dqiqatlara b\u00f6y\u00fck meyil g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra ordudan istefaya \u00e7\u0131xaraq \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tamamil\u0259 elmi-ictimai axtar\u0131\u015flara h\u0259sr etmi\u015fdir.\u018fr\u0259b, fars v\u0259 rus dill\u0259rini m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l bil\u0259n alim XIX \u0259srin 80-ci ill\u0259rind\u0259n etibar\u0259n Tiflisd\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015faraq regional m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin apar\u0131c\u0131 simalar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdir. “K\u0259\u015fk\u00fcl” q\u0259zeti v\u0259 m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259si \u0259traf\u0131nda toplanan ziyal\u0131larla \u00e7iyin-\u00e7iyin\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015faraq, burada d\u0259rslikl\u0259rin v\u0259 “Rus-Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259qvimi”nin n\u0259\u015frind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259m\u0259k s\u0259rf etmi\u015fdir. Onun t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q qabiliyy\u0259ti teatr sah\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f, Tiflis quberniyas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259smi dair\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki n\u00fcfuzundan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k ilk “M\u00fcs\u0259lman h\u0259v\u0259skarlar\u0131” teatr truppas\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 1887-ci ild\u0259 M.F. Axundovun \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini s\u0259hn\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdir. Eyni zamanda o, bac\u0131s\u0131 S\u0259ad\u0259t xan\u0131m\u0131n u\u015faqlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hsili il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan h\u0259rb v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t tarixin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck simalar b\u0259x\u015f ed\u0259n bu g\u0259ncl\u0259rin Avropa elml\u0259rin\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259sini t\u0259min etmi\u015fdir. B\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259, \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fan\u0131n “K\u0259\u015fk\u00fcl” q\u0259zetind\u0259ki f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti v\u0259 teatr t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcsl\u0259rinin xronologiyas\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 s\u0131ralamaq olar: 1881\u20131883-c\u00fc ill\u0259r: H\u0259rbi-topoqrafiya xidm\u0259tind\u0259n istefa verdikd\u0259n sonra Tiflis\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7m\u0259si, \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 Q\u0259rb dill\u0259rini, \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259rind\u0259n bil\u0259n bir ziyal\u0131 kimi Tiflisin m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi m\u00fchitin\u0259 daxil olmas\u0131; 26 oktyabr 1884-c\u00fc il: “K\u0259\u015fk\u00fcl” q\u0259zetinin n\u00f6mr\u0259sind\u0259 \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa Qay\u0131bovun Tiflisd\u0259 milli “teatro c\u0259miyy\u0259ti” yaratmaq t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc haqq\u0131nda ilk r\u0259smi x\u0259b\u0259rin yay\u0131lmas\u0131. Onun \u00e7ar ordusundak\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015f zabit statusundan v\u0259 rus dili bilikl\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k quberniya r\u0259hb\u0259rliyind\u0259n r\u0259smi icaz\u0259l\u0259r almas\u0131;1884\u20131886-c\u0131 ill\u0259r: “K\u0259\u015fk\u00fcl” m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259si il\u0259 yax\u0131ndan \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q etm\u0259si, buradak\u0131 elmi, b\u0259dii kitablar\u0131n, d\u0259rslikl\u0259rin v\u0259 x\u00fcsusil\u0259 regional \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131yan “Rus-Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259qvimi”nin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda v\u0259 redakt\u0259sind\u0259 apar\u0131c\u0131 rol oynamas\u0131; Yanvar 1887-ci il: \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fan\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi “M\u00fcs\u0259lman h\u0259v\u0259skarlar\u0131” truppas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Tiflisin m\u0259\u015fhur Arsruni teatr\u0131nda Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundovun “D\u0259rvi\u015f M\u0259st\u0259li \u015fah” komediyas\u0131n\u0131n u\u011furla tama\u015faya qoyulmas\u0131;1888\u20131893-c\u00fc ill\u0259r: Tiflisd\u0259 pedaqoji f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini geni\u015fl\u0259ndirm\u0259si, bac\u0131s\u0131 S\u0259ad\u0259t xan\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6vladlar\u0131n\u0131n (g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin g\u00f6rk\u0259mli xadiml\u0259ri Nadir, Cahangir, Bahad\u0131r a\u011fal\u0259rin, ilk \u015f\u0259fq\u0259t bac\u0131s\u0131 Nigar xan\u0131m \u015e\u0131xlinskayan\u0131n v\u0259 G\u00f6vh\u0259r xan\u0131m Usubovan\u0131n) t\u0259lim-t\u0259rbiy\u0259sini v\u0259 Avropa \u00fcslublu t\u0259hsilini birba\u015fa \u00f6z \u00f6hd\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259si. \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa Qay\u0131bov c\u0259mi 43 il \u00f6m\u00fcr s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. O, h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm riyazi-astronomik \u0259s\u0259ri olan iki cildlik “\u0130slam t\u0259qvimi” monoqrafiyas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259\u015fr etdirm\u0259k amal\u0131 il\u0259 1894-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Sankt-Peterburqa s\u0259f\u0259r etmi\u015f, lakin orada q\u0259fild\u0259n x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k v\u0259fat etmi\u015fdir. M\u0259zar\u0131 Sankt-Peterburqun Volxov q\u0259biristanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Onun v\u0259fat\u0131ndan sonra \u0259lyazmas\u0131 uzun ill\u0259r ail\u0259 arxivind\u0259 qorunmu\u015f v\u0259 1976-c\u0131 ild\u0259 respublikan\u0131n elmi fondlar\u0131na t\u0259hvil veril\u0259r\u0259k elm tariximiz\u0259 qazand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.Elmi \u0130rsi v\u0259 “\u0130slam T\u0259qvimi” \u018fs\u0259ri19-cu \u0259srin sonu v\u0259 20-ci \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259m Tiflisin m\u0259rk\u0259zi m\u0259tbuat\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 Moskva v\u0259 Sankt-Peterburqun r\u0259smi imperiya q\u0259zetl\u0259ri Rusiya daxilind\u0259 ya\u015fayan milyonlarla m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halinin ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131lamaq v\u0259 elmi-\u015f\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131rmaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 \u0130slam t\u0259qvimi haqq\u0131nda materiallara geni\u015f yer ay\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131 (\u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044c, 1890). X\u00fcsusil\u0259, Tiflisd\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunan n\u00fcfuzlu “Qafqaz t\u0259qvimi” (\u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044c) illik toplular\u0131nda v\u0259 “Kavkaz” q\u0259zetind\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259rr\u0259mlik, Ramazan v\u0259 Qurban bayramlar\u0131 \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 Hicri t\u0259qvimin aylar\u0131, kabis\u0259 (uzun) ill\u0259ri, hilal\u0131n (t\u0259z\u0259 ay\u0131n) g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259 vaxtlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumatlar, tarixl\u0259r v\u0259 riyazi-astronomik sinxronizasiya c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259ri m\u00fct\u0259madi \u00e7ap olunurdu (\u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044c, 1893). H\u0259m\u00e7inin yerli m\u0259tbuat orqanlar\u0131nda da m\u00fcs\u0259lman icmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259lumatland\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259r ilin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 Hicri ilinin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 (M\u0259h\u0259rr\u0259m ay\u0131n\u0131n 1-i) v\u0259 aylar\u0131n g\u00fcn saylar\u0131 qeyd edilirdi. Qafqaz m\u00fcftisi Mirz\u0259 H\u00fcseyn Qay\u0131bov v\u0259 dig\u0259r yerli m\u00fcs\u0259lman ziyal\u0131lar, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim b\u0259y Qay\u0131bov bu t\u0259qviml\u0259rin d\u0259qiq t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Tiflisd\u0259ki r\u0259smi qurumlarla \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q edirdil\u0259r.B\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259, \u201cRusiya imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n paytaxt m\u00fchitind\u0259 \u0130slam t\u0259qvimi h\u0259m elmi-\u015f\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q bax\u0131m\u0131ndan, h\u0259m d\u0259 imperiya daxilind\u0259 ya\u015fayan m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halinin idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131 xatirin\u0259 m\u0259tbuatda izl\u0259nilir, namaz v\u0259 orucluq vaxtlar\u0131n\u0131n riyazi hesablamalar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259madi m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259rc edilirdi\u201d. Moskvadak\u0131 h\u0259rbi v\u0259 elmi dair\u0259l\u0259r Qafqaz v\u0259 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya regionlar\u0131 il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn r\u0259smi d\u00f6vl\u0259t s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259 Hicri-Miladi ke\u00e7id c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 edirdil\u0259r. Moskva q\u0259zetl\u0259ri imperiya daxilind\u0259ki dini idar\u0259l\u0259rin (o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Tiflisd\u0259ki Qafqaz M\u00fcftiliyinin) hesabatlar\u0131na istinad\u0259n t\u0259qviml\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 elmi qeydl\u0259ri \u00e7ap edirdi. \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim b\u0259y Qay\u0131bovun \u00f6z \u015f\u0259xsi d\u0259ft\u0259rind\u0259 apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 qeydl\u0259r d\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn m\u0259tbuat\u0131nda v\u0259 elmi m\u00fchitind\u0259 apar\u0131lan bu astronomik diskussiyalar\u0131n t\u0259bii bir par\u00e7as\u0131 idi. \u201cAlim d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b riyazi hesablamalar\u0131na v\u0259 astronomik m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq \u00e7ox qiym\u0259tli t\u0259dqiqat \u0259s\u0259ri meydana g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir\u201d.\u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa Qay\u0131bovun elmi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin zirv\u0259sini onun iki cildd\u0259n ibar\u0259t “\u0130slam t\u0259qvimi” \u0259s\u0259ri t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Tiflis kadet korpusunu v\u0259 Peterburq top\u00e7uluq m\u0259kt\u0259bini bitir\u0259n, h\u0259rbi-topoqrafiya elmin\u0259 d\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259l\u0259d olan alim, \u00f6z fundamental t\u0259dqiqat\u0131nda klassik \u015e\u0259rq astronomiyas\u0131 (Ulu\u011fb\u0259y v\u0259 \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259yyam m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259ri) il\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn Avropa riyazi-astronomik sinxronla\u015fd\u0131rma metodlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdir. Onun t\u0259rtib etdiyi alt\u0131 f\u0259sild\u0259n ibar\u0259t sistem, sad\u0259c\u0259 hicri-q\u0259m\u0259ri v\u0259 miladi-yuli t\u0259qviml\u0259rinin qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259tbiqi silsil\u0259si deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 geni\u015f zaman k\u0259siyini (hicri 1215\u20131422 v\u0259 miladi 1801\u20132001-ci ill\u0259r) \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n d\u0259qiq riyazi c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259r kompleksidir.\u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fan\u0131n elmi irsinin \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri onun ilk d\u0259f\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 elmi-astronomik terminologiyan\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoymas\u0131d\u0131r. O, b\u00fcrcl\u0259rin, \u015f\u0259msi v\u0259 q\u0259m\u0259ri aylar\u0131n, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 uzun v\u0259 q\u0131sa ill\u0259rin (x\u00fcsusil\u0259 fevral ay\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6vrl\u0259ri) riyazi izah\u0131n\u0131 ver\u0259rk\u0259n \u00e7\u0259tin \u0259r\u0259b-fars q\u0259libl\u0259rind\u0259n qa\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, sad\u0259 v\u0259 anla\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 ana dilind\u0259n istifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. Onun klassik “\u0259bc\u0259d” hesab\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259r\u0259k tarixl\u0259ri eynil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 metodikas\u0131 elmi d\u0259qiqliyi il\u0259 se\u00e7ilir. Sonralar g\u00f6rk\u0259mli t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131 M\u0259mm\u0259da\u011fa Sultanovun da qeyd etdiyi kimi, \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fan\u0131n bu t\u0259qvimi Sankt-Peterburqda D\u00f6vl\u0259t Ermitaj\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n akademik \u0130. Orbelinin redakt\u0259si il\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015f (Orbeli, 1940) d\u00fcnya s\u0259viyy\u0259li sinxronik c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259rl\u0259 tamamil\u0259 eyni elmi \u00e7\u0259kiy\u0259 malikdir. Alimin Fransa Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259bul etdiyi riyazi prinsipl\u0259rl\u0259 h\u0259mah\u0259ng i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n bu \u0259s\u0259ri, onun 1894-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Sankt-Peterburqda q\u0259fild\u0259n ba\u015f ver\u0259n v\u0259fat\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n \u0259lyazma hal\u0131nda qalm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 yaln\u0131z 1976-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Respublika \u018flyazmalar \u0130nstitutuna t\u0259qdim edil\u0259r\u0259k qorunmu\u015fdur. \u201c\u0130slam t\u0259qvimi\u201d alt\u0131 b\u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir: \u201cHicriyy\u0259-q\u0259m\u0259riyy\u0259 tarixinin riyazi qurulu\u015f qaydas\u0131\u201d adlanan birinci f\u0259sild\u0259 \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa Ay\u0131n Yer \u0259traf\u0131nda d\u00f6vr etm\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 (sinodik ay \u2014 t\u0259qrib\u0259n 29.53 g\u00fcn) \u0259saslanan q\u0259m\u0259ri il sisteminin riyazi modelini verir. Alim adi ill\u0259r (354 g\u00fcn) il\u0259 fevral ay\u0131na b\u0259nz\u0259r \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 art\u0131r\u0131lan uzun ill\u0259rin (355 g\u00fcn) n\u00f6vb\u0259l\u0259\u015fm\u0259 xronologiyas\u0131n\u0131 x\u00fcsusi riyazi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131qla \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131r. O, 30 illik q\u0259m\u0259ri d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 (m\u00fcf\u0259rr\u0259c d\u00f6vr\u00fc) hans\u0131 ill\u0259rin 1 g\u00fcn art\u0131r\u0131laraq 355 g\u00fcn oldu\u011funu x\u00fcsusi alqoritml\u0259rl\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh edir.\u201cHicri-q\u0259m\u0259ri tarixl\u0259rinin h\u0259ft\u0259 g\u00fcnl\u0259rin\u0259 riyazi t\u0259tbiq olunmas\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 ikinci f\u0259sild\u0259 xronologiyada h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir tarixi g\u00fcn\u00fcn (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, hicri 5-ci il, 10 M\u0259h\u0259rr\u0259m) h\u0259ft\u0259nin hans\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf etdiyini tapmaq m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b riyazi hesablama t\u0259l\u0259b edir. \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa bu f\u0259sild\u0259 qal\u0131ql\u0131 b\u00f6lm\u0259 v\u0259 d\u00f6vrl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k, q\u0259m\u0259ri aylar\u0131n g\u00fcn say\u0131n\u0131 (biri 30, n\u00f6vb\u0259tisi 29 g\u00fcn olmaqla) v\u0259 q\u0259m\u0259ri ilin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc \u0259sas g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n \u00e7evirm\u0259 d\u00fcsturlar\u0131 t\u0259klif edir.XIX \u0259srd\u0259 Rusiya imperiyas\u0131nda r\u0259smi olaraq Yuli t\u0259qvimi (k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u00fcslub) t\u0259tbiq edilirdi. \u201cMiladi-Yuli (K\u00f6hn\u0259 rus \u00fcslubu) t\u0259qviminin h\u0259ft\u0259 g\u00fcnl\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi\u201d adlanan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0259sild\u0259 alim G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f t\u0259qvimin\u0259 \u0259saslanan Yuli ilinin (365.25 g\u00fcn) strukturunu t\u0259hlil edir. O, h\u0259r d\u00f6rd ild\u0259n bir g\u0259l\u0259n uzun ill\u0259ri (fevral\u0131n 29 g\u00fcn olmas\u0131) n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq, ixtiyari miladi tarixin h\u0259ft\u0259lik analogunu tapma\u011f\u0131n riyazi yolunu g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Bu, onun h\u0259m \u015e\u0259rq, h\u0259m d\u0259 Q\u0259rb zaman \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rin\u0259 eyni d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 riyazi hakim oldu\u011funu s\u00fcbut edir.D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0259sil – \u201cHicri-q\u0259m\u0259ri t\u0259qviminin Miladi\/Yuli t\u0259qvimin\u0259 sinxron ke\u00e7id metodikas\u0131\u201d – \u0259s\u0259rin \u0259n fundamental v\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi riyazi f\u0259sill\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f ili (365 v\u0259 ya 366 g\u00fcn) il\u0259 Ay ili (354 v\u0259 ya 355 g\u00fcn) aras\u0131nda yaranan illik ~11 g\u00fcnl\u00fck f\u0259rq, \u0259srl\u0259r ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 tarixl\u0259rin s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa bu f\u0259sild\u0259 iki tam f\u0259rqli astronomik sistemi bir-birin\u0259 ba\u011flayan, g\u00fcnl\u0259rin interpolyasiyas\u0131na (k\u0259si\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259) \u0259saslanan x\u00fcsusi inter-sinxron c\u0259dv\u0259l ke\u00e7idl\u0259ri t\u0259rtib etmi\u015fdir.\u201c1215\u20131422-ci hicri v\u0259 1801\u20132001-ci miladi ill\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 q\u0259m\u0259riyy\u0259 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259msiyy\u0259 il ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131clar\u0131n\u0131n uy\u011funluq c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259ri\u201d adlanan be\u015finci f\u0259sil is\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, \u0259s\u0259rin praktik-astronomik n\u00fcv\u0259sidir. M\u00fc\u0259llif burada g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 hesablanm\u0131\u015f n\u0259h\u0259ng bir proqnoz-matris yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O, 200 illik bir d\u00f6vr\u00fc \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n riyazi hesablam\u0131\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259m Ay (q\u0259m\u0259ri), h\u0259m d\u0259 G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f (\u015f\u0259msi\/miladi) ill\u0259rinin ilk g\u00fcnl\u0259rinin (1 Yanvar v\u0259 1 M\u0259h\u0259rr\u0259m) hans\u0131 n\u00f6qt\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc r\u0259q\u0259msalla\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259rin d\u0259qiqliyi onun D\u00f6vl\u0259t Ermitaj\u0131 v\u0259 Avropa r\u0259s\u0259dxanalar\u0131n\u0131n sinxronik c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259ri il\u0259 eyni elmi \u00e7\u0259kid\u0259 oldu\u011funu t\u0259sdiql\u0259yir.\u018fs\u0259rin \u201cQ\u0259m\u0259ri v\u0259 \u015f\u0259msi ill\u0259rin ibtidalar\u0131n\u0131n (ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131clar\u0131n\u0131n) astronomik koordinat c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259ri\u201d adlanan sonuncu f\u0259sli \u2013 alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0259sillind\u0259 \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa t\u0259qvimin riyazi n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sini astronomik m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 tacland\u0131r\u0131r. O, Ulu\u011fb\u0259yin “Zic”ind\u0259n v\u0259 \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259yyam\u0131n “C\u0259lalil\u0259r t\u0259qvimi”nd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n elmi irsi \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k, b\u00fcrcl\u0259rin daxilolma vaxtlar\u0131n\u0131, yeni ay\u0131n do\u011fma (hilal) anlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn riyazi ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131clar\u0131n\u0131 \u015e\u0259rq elmind\u0259ki \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi “\u018fbc\u0259d” hesab\u0131 (h\u0259rfl\u0259rin r\u0259q\u0259msal d\u0259y\u0259ri) il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirir. Alim burada astronomik i\u015far\u0259l\u0259rin v\u0259 r\u00fctub\u0259t\/temperatur d\u00f6vrl\u0259rinin riyazi harmoniyas\u0131n\u0131 tamamlay\u0131r.\u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fan\u0131 \u00f6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn dig\u0259r savadl\u0131 insanlar\u0131ndan f\u0259rql\u0259ndir\u0259n \u0259sas c\u0259h\u0259t onun riyaziyyat\u0131 m\u00fcc\u0259rr\u0259d n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259d\u0259n t\u0259tbiqi h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k bacar\u0131\u011f\u0131 idi. \u201cXIX \u0259srin sonlar\u0131nda m\u00fcasir hesablama texnologiyalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vcud olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 g\u00f6y cisml\u0259rinin h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tini, Ay\u0131n Yer \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 tsikll\u0259rini, miladi v\u0259 hicri t\u0259qviml\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b g\u00fcn f\u0259rql\u0259rini hesablamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn insan beyninin riyazi analitik g\u00fcc\u00fcnd\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunurdu\u201d. V\u0259 \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa bu \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 sferik triqonometriya v\u0259 riyazi interpolyasiya metodlar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k Qafqaz v\u0259 Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq co\u011frafiyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn unikal riyazi alqoritml\u0259r qurmu\u015fdur. Alimin t\u0259tbiq etdiyi \u0259sas riyazi metodlar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 kimi sisteml\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k olar:Sinodik v\u0259 Siderik Ay Tsikll\u0259rinin Uzla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131: Hicri-q\u0259m\u0259ri t\u0259qvimi Ay\u0131n Yer \u0259traf\u0131nda tam d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 (t\u0259xmin\u0259n 29.53 g\u00fcn) \u0259saslan\u0131r. \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa riyazi k\u0259srl\u0259ri v\u0259 d\u00f6vri hesablamalar\u0131 t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259r\u0259k, aylar\u0131n 29 v\u0259 30 g\u00fcn aras\u0131nda n\u00f6vb\u0259l\u0259\u015fm\u0259sini t\u0259nziml\u0259mi\u015f, Ay\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tind\u0259ki mikrosaniy\u0259lik yay\u0131nmalar\u0131n t\u0259qvimd\u0259 x\u0259ta yaratmamas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn “kab\u0131s\u0259” (art\u0131q) ill\u0259rin d\u0259qiq riyazi alqoritmini qurmu\u015fdur.\u0130nterpolyasiya v\u0259 Koordinat Hesablamalar\u0131: Yeni ay\u0131n (hilal\u0131n) g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259 vaxt\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif co\u011frafi uzunluq v\u0259 enlikl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 hesablamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sferik triqonometriya v\u0259 riyazi interpolyasiya metodlar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir. Bu metod vasit\u0259sil\u0259 iki f\u0259rqli zaman k\u0259siyi aras\u0131ndak\u0131 “bo\u015fluqlar” d\u0259qiq formullarla doldurulmu\u015f, n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 Qafqaz regionu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dini aylar\u0131n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 saniy\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015fdir.T\u0259qviml\u0259rin Sinxronizasiyas\u0131 (Ke\u00e7id Matrisl\u0259ri): \u018fs\u0259r riyazi metodologiya bax\u0131m\u0131ndan f\u0259rqli sisteml\u0259ri uzla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. \u018fs\u0259rin \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm riyazi t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rind\u0259n biri Hicri-q\u0259m\u0259ri ili (354\/355 g\u00fcn) il\u0259 Miladi-\u015f\u0259msi ili (365\/366 g\u00fcn) aras\u0131nda ke\u00e7id formullar\u0131 yaratmas\u0131 idi. M\u0259mm\u0259da\u011fa Sultanov yaz\u0131r: \u201cM\u00fc\u0259llif universal riyazi ke\u00e7id matrisl\u0259ri t\u0259rtib ed\u0259r\u0259k, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tarixi tarixl\u0259ri he\u00e7 bir x\u0259ta olmadan bir t\u0259qvimd\u0259n dig\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259k imkan\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.\u018fbc\u0259d hesab\u0131n\u0131n riyazi t\u0259tbiqi v\u0259 xronoqram strukturunun t\u0259hlili\u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa Qay\u0131bovun “\u0130slam t\u0259qvimi” \u0259s\u0259rinin VI f\u0259slind\u0259 t\u0259tbiq etdiyi \u0259n maraql\u0131 metodoloji f\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259n biri \u015e\u0259rq elmi-\u0259d\u0259bi m\u00fchitind\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f “\u018fbc\u0259d” hesab\u0131 (h\u0259rfl\u0259rin x\u00fcsusi r\u0259q\u0259msal d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r sistemi) il\u0259 riyazi-astronomik koordinatlar\u0131n v\u0259 tarixi tarixl\u0259rin sinxronla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Alim bu sistemin praktiki t\u0259tbiqini sad\u0259c\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 kimi t\u0259qdim etmir, onu b\u0259dii v\u0259 tarixi n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u2013 “maddeyi-tarix” (xronoqram) janr\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n riyazi olaraq isbat edir. M\u00fc\u0259llifin \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 n\u00fcmun\u0259 g\u0259tirdiyi “M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d” adl\u0131 bir \u015f\u0259xsin v\u0259fat\u0131na h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f qit\u0259 bu bax\u0131mdan m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l bir riyazi model rolunu oynay\u0131r:Cahan t\u0259rkin etdi M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Dri\u011f,Ona m\u0259sk\u0259n oldu bu M\u0259r\u011f\u0259d Dri\u011f.Bel\u0259 sahibi \u0259ql namusu, g\u00f6r,F\u0259l\u0259k q\u0131ld\u0131 g\u00f6zd\u0259n nihan s\u0259ddri\u011f.\u018fg\u0259r sorsalar sal fovtun onun,De tarix-e fovtun M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Dri\u011f.\u015e\u0259rq xronologiya f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, bu tipli \u015feirl\u0259rin son misras\u0131nda gizl\u0259dil\u0259n \u015fifr\u0259li ifad\u0259 riyazi olaraq hesabland\u0131qda hadis\u0259nin ba\u015f verdiyi d\u0259qiq ili verir. \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa Qay\u0131bov klassik \u0259bc\u0259d matrisin\u0259 istinad ed\u0259r\u0259k “M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Dri\u011f” (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u063a) ifad\u0259sini t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n h\u0259rfl\u0259rin r\u0259q\u0259msal ekvivalentl\u0259rini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 riyazi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131qla c\u0259ml\u0259yir:M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d (\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f):M\u0130M (\u0645) = 40HA (\u062d) = 8M\u0130M (\u0645) = 40DAL (\u062f) = 4C\u0259m: 40 + 8 + 40 + 4 = 92Dri\u011f (\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u063a):DAL (\u062f) = 4RA (\u0631) = 200YA (\u06cc) = 10\u011eAYN (\u063a) = 1000C\u0259m: 4 + 200 + 10 + 1000 = 1214\u00dcmumi Riyazi T\u0259nlik: 92+1214=1306)\u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa \u0259bc\u0259d hesab\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 edil\u0259n bu 1306-c\u0131 hicri-q\u0259m\u0259ri ilini IV f\u0259sild\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh etdiyi sinxron ke\u00e7id d\u00fcsturlar\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 Miladi t\u0259qvim\u0259 \u00e7evirir v\u0259 hadis\u0259nin d\u0259qiq olaraq 1886-c\u0131 miladi ilin\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf etdiyini riyazi d\u0259qiqlikl\u0259 ortaya qoyur.Bu metod h\u0259m d\u0259 onu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa Qay\u0131bov riyaziyyat\u0131 sad\u0259c\u0259 quru r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r toplusu kimi deyil, filoloji m\u0259tnl\u0259rin \u015fifr\u0259l\u0259rini a\u00e7an, elmi v\u0259 humanitar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259ni ortaq m\u0259xr\u0259c\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259n fundamental bir al\u0259t kimi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. Onun t\u0259qvim elmind\u0259 \u0259bc\u0259d hesab\u0131na bu d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 geni\u015f yer verm\u0259si, milli elmi terminologiyan\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq f\u0259ls\u0259fi-riyazi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 qoruyub saxlamas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k etmi\u015fdir.\u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa Qay\u0131bovu sad\u0259c\u0259 bir riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131 v\u0259 ya t\u0259qvim\u00e7i hesab etm\u0259k onun elmi d\u00fchas\u0131na haqs\u0131zl\u0131q olard\u0131. O, \u0259slind\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rqinin riyaziyyat v\u0259 astronomiya n\u0259h\u0259ngl\u0259ri olan N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi (XIII \u0259sr) v\u0259 Ulu\u011fb\u0259yin (XV \u0259sr) a\u00e7d\u0131\u011f\u0131 elmi c\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131n XIX \u0259srd\u0259ki son parlaq davam\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 idi. Lakin onun f\u0259rqi v\u0259 yeniliyi bu b\u00f6y\u00fck irsi kor-koran\u0259 t\u0259krarlamaq deyil, modern d\u00f6vr\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun yenid\u0259n i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k bacar\u0131\u011f\u0131nda idi.M\u0259lumdur ki, Tusi “Zic-i \u0130lhani” (M\u0259mm\u0259da\u011fali, 1961), Ulu\u011fb\u0259y is\u0259 “Zic-i C\u0259did-i Sultani” \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini b\u00f6y\u00fck r\u0259s\u0259dxanalarda apar\u0131lan vizual v\u0259 mexaniki m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda t\u0259rtib etmi\u015fdil\u0259r. XIX \u0259srin sonlar\u0131nda Qazax m\u00fchitind\u0259 bel\u0259 bir fiziki r\u0259s\u0259dxana qurmaq imkan\u0131ndan m\u0259hrum olan \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa bu bo\u015flu\u011fu \u00f6z qeyri-adi riyazi t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fc il\u0259 doldurdu. O, klassik \u015e\u0259rq astronomlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259\u015ff etdiyi koordinat c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259rini XIX \u0259sr Avropa elminin analitik c\u0259br v\u0259 sferik triqonometriya qanunlar\u0131 il\u0259 yenid\u0259n t\u0259tbiq etdi (Rzayev, 1984). Bak\u0131xanovun “\u018fsrar\u00fcl-m\u0259lakut” \u0259s\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 a\u00e7d\u0131\u011f\u0131 modern astronomiya c\u0131\u011f\u0131r\u0131na s\u00f6yk\u0259n\u0259n v\u0259 Tusinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif xalqlar\u0131n t\u0259qviml\u0259rini m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etdiyi sistem\u0259 \u0259saslanan \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa, \u00f6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck inzibati ehtiyac\u0131n\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131. O, \u015e\u0259rqin kosmik d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc Q\u0259rbin t\u0259tbiqi riyaziyyat metodlar\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 sintez etm\u0259yi bacard\u0131.C\u0259dv\u0259l 1. Tusi, Ulu\u011fb\u0259y v\u0259 Qay\u0131bov Sisteml\u0259rinin M\u00fcqayis\u0259siKriteriyaN\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi (XIII \u0259sr)Ulu\u011fb\u0259y (XV \u0259sr)\u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa Qay\u0131bov (XIX \u0259sr)MetodologiyaPraktik m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259nd\u0259si h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t modell\u0259riN\u0259h\u0259ng cihazlarla ulduz koordinatlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259yiniSferik triqonometriya v\u0259 analitik c\u0259br alqoritml\u0259ri\u018fsas \u018fs\u0259ri”Zic-i \u0130lhani””Zic-i C\u0259did-i Sultani””\u0130slam t\u0259qvimi” (2 cildlik)\u0130nnovasiyaRiyaziyyat\u0131 astronomiyadan ay\u0131ran m\u00fcst\u0259qil elm etdiSinus v\u0259 tangens c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259rini m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirdiKlasik \u015e\u0259rq elmini m\u00fcasir Q\u0259rb c\u0259br metodlar\u0131 il\u0259 sintez etdi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan maarif\u00e7ilik h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 v\u0259 elmi intibah\u0131, t\u0259kc\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi-f\u0259ls\u0259fi fikrin deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 fundamental v\u0259 t\u0259tbiqi elml\u0259rin inki\u015faf\u0131 il\u0259 xarakteriz\u0259 olunur. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Avropa t\u0259hsili g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, h\u0259rbi v\u0259 m\u00fclki elml\u0259r\u0259 vaqif olmu\u015f az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 ziyal\u0131lar milli t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn co\u011frafiyas\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fl\u0259ndirmi\u015fl\u0259r. Bel\u0259 unikal \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc riyaziyyat, astronomiya, t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7ilik v\u0259 teatr s\u0259n\u0259tinin inki\u015faf\u0131na h\u0259sr etmi\u015f \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim a\u011fa … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-home","latest_post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54054"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54061,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54054\/revisions\/54061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}