{"id":7440,"date":"2014-02-01T07:58:24","date_gmt":"2014-02-01T07:58:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=7440"},"modified":"2014-02-01T07:58:24","modified_gmt":"2014-02-01T07:58:24","slug":"nazim-hikm%c9%99t-h%c9%99yati-v%c9%99-yaradiciligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=7440","title":{"rendered":"Nazim H\u0130KM\u018fT.H\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 Yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"1326952863_nazim_hikmet_717026163-41\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nazim Hikm\u0259t (Nazim Hikm\u0259t Ran) (15 yanvar 1902, Saloniki \u2014 3 iyun 1963, Moskva) \u2014 t\u00fcrk \u015fair, yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, r\u0259ssam, ssenarist v\u0259 dramaturq, ictimai xadim, Beyn\u0259lxalq S\u00fclh M\u00fckafat\u0131 laureat\u0131 (1950) v\u0259 t\u00fcrk inqilabi poeziyas\u0131n\u0131n banisi.<\/p>\n

H\u0259yat\u0131<\/p>\n

Nazim Hikm\u0259t 1902-ci il yanvar ay\u0131n\u0131n 15-d\u0259 zad\u0259gan ail\u0259sind\u0259 anadan olmu\u015fdur. 1918-ci ild\u0259 \u0130stanbulda H\u0259rbi D\u0259niz\u00e7ilik m\u0259kt\u0259bin\u0259 daxil olmu\u015f, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin xarici m\u00fcdaxil\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 \u0259leyhin\u0259 \u015fer yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 1919-cu ild\u0259 oradan xaric edilmi\u015fdir. “S\u0259rvlikl\u0259rd\u0259” adl\u0131 ilk \u015feri 1918-ci ild\u0259 “Yeni m\u0259cmu\u0259” jurnal\u0131nda d\u0259rc olunmu\u015fdur. 1920-ci ild\u0259 o, i\u015f\u011fal olmu\u015f \u0130stanbuldan milli azadl\u0131q u\u011frunda vuru\u015fan Anadoluya getmi\u015fdir. 1921-ci ild\u0259 Sovet Rusiyas\u0131na g\u0259lmi\u015f, 1922-1924-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 Moskvada \u015e\u0259rq Z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015fl\u0259rinin Kommunist Universitetind\u0259 oxumu\u015fdur.
\n1924-c\u00fc ild\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259 qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015f, inqilabi “Oraq-\u00e7\u0259kic” q\u0259zetind\u0259, “Ayd\u0131nl\u0131q” jurnal\u0131nda Lenin ideyalar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259nn\u00fcm ed\u0259n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f etmi\u015fdir. H\u0259min orqanlar ba\u011fland\u0131qdan sonra t\u0259qib olunan v\u0259 1925-ci ild\u0259 qiyabi sur\u0259td\u0259 15 il h\u0259bs\u0259 m\u0259hkum edil\u0259n Nazim Hikm\u0259t 1927-ci ild\u0259 yenid\u0259n gizli olaraq SSR\u0130-y\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fdir. 1928-ci ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da \u015fairin “G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fi i\u00e7\u0259nl\u0259rin t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fc” adl\u0131 ilk \u015ferl\u0259r kitab\u0131 \u00e7apdan \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1938-ci ild\u0259 yenid\u0259n T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259 qay\u0131td\u0131qdan sonra h\u0259bs olunan Nazim Hikm\u0259t 8 ay h\u0259bsxanada yatm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 i\u015fd\u0259 he\u00e7 bir d\u0259lil-s\u00fcbut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 azad edilmi\u015fdir.
\n1929-cu ild\u0259 “835 s\u0259tir”, 1930-cu ild\u0259 “Baron-3”, 1930-cu ild\u0259 “1+1=1”, 1931-ci ild\u0259 “S\u0259sini itirmi\u015f \u015f\u0259h\u0259r” kitablar\u0131ndak\u0131 \u015ferl\u0259rd\u0259 xalq\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r h\u0259yat\u0131, inqilabi m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1924-c\u00fc ild\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Cokonda v\u0259 \u015ei-Ya \u2013 u” poemas\u0131, 1932-ci ild\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Benerci \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc niy\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc” m\u0259nzum roman\u0131 imperializmin m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259 siyas\u0259tin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015fdir. Onun “K\u0259ll\u0259”, 1932-ci ild\u0259 “Bir \u00f6l\u00fc evi, yaxud m\u0259rhumun nal\u0259si”, “Bayram\u0131n ilk g\u00fcn\u00fc”, 1935-ci ild\u0259 “\u015e\u00f6hr\u0259t v\u0259 ya unudulan adam” pyesl\u0259rind\u0259 kapitalizm qurulu\u015fu k\u0259skin \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 if\u015fa edilmi\u015fdir. 1932-ci ild\u0259 t\u00fcrk kommunistl\u0259rini yekdil m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259y\u0259n “Gec\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n teleqram” \u015fer toplusuna g\u00f6r\u0259 5 il h\u0259bs c\u0259zas\u0131na m\u0259hkum olunmu\u015fdur. Bir ild\u0259n sonra amnistiya \u0259sas\u0131nda azad edilmi\u015fdir. Sonralar \u015fair dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r yeni kitab\u0131n n\u0259\u015frind\u0259n sonra h\u0259bs\u0259 m\u0259hkum olunmu\u015fdur.
\n1935-ci ild\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Taranta Babuya m\u0259ktublar” poemas\u0131nda, 1936-c\u0131 ild\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Alman fa\u015fizmi v\u0259 irq\u00e7il\u0259ri” publisistik \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 fa\u015fizm v\u0259 onun T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259ki t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 if\u015fa olunur. 1936-c\u0131 ild\u0259 \u015fairin T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda son kitab\u0131 \u2013 “\u015eeyx B\u0259dr\u0259ddinin dastan\u0131” \u00e7apdan \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1938-ci ild\u0259 s\u00fcbut olunmam\u0131\u015f ittiham \u0259sas\u0131nda 28 il 4 ay h\u0259bs c\u0259zas\u0131na m\u0259hkum edil\u0259n Nazim Hikm\u0259t m\u0259\u015fhur “\u0130nsan m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259l\u0259ri” epopeyas\u0131n\u0131, “H\u0259bsxanadan m\u0259ktublar” silsil\u0259sini, “M\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t \u0259fsan\u0259si”, “Yusif v\u0259 Z\u00fcleyxa” pyesl\u0259rini v\u0259 s. \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini h\u0259bsxanada yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1950-ci ild\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi d\u00fcnya ictimaiyy\u0259tinin t\u0259l\u0259bi il\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259ti N.Hikm\u0259ti azad etm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur olmu\u015fdur.
\n1951-ci ild\u0259n \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunad\u0259k ikinci v\u0259t\u0259ni say\u0131lan SSR\u0130-d\u0259 ya\u015fayan v\u0259 bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 1952-ci ild\u0259 “T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259”, 1955-ci ild\u0259 “Q\u0259rib adam”, 1956-c\u0131 ild\u0259 “\u0130van \u0130vanovi\u00e7 vard\u0131m\u0131, yoxdumu”, 1960-c\u0131 ild\u0259 “Domokl q\u0131l\u0131nc\u0131” v\u0259 s. pyesl\u0259rini, \u015fer v\u0259 poema, poeziyaya v\u0259 dramaturgiyaya dair m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rini yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. SSR\u0130-d\u0259 Nazim Hikm\u0259tin ssenaril\u0259ri v\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin s\u00fcjetl\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda kinofilml\u0259r (“Bir m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259li iki o\u011flan”, “Sevdal\u0131 bulud”, “Ya\u015famaq g\u00f6z\u0259ldir, qarda\u015f\u0131m”, “M\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259tim, k\u0259d\u0259rim m\u0259nim”) \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdir.
\nNovator \u015fair olan Nazim Hikm\u0259t t\u00fcrk \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131 yeni forma v\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi m\u0259zmunla z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdir. Onun poeziyas\u0131na k\u0259skin publisistika il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 d\u0259rin lirizm xasd\u0131r. T\u00fcrk poeziyas\u0131na s\u0259rb\u0259st \u015fer v\u0259znini Nazim Hikm\u0259t g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir. Yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcasir t\u00fcrk \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na g\u00fccl\u00fc t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. \u018fs\u0259rl\u0259ri d\u00fcnya xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7oxunun dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 olunmu\u015f, pyesl\u0259ri bir s\u0131ra \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 tama\u015faya qoyulmu\u015fdur.
\n1951-ci ild\u0259 \u00dcmumd\u00fcnya S\u00fclh \u015euras\u0131 B\u00fcrosunun v\u0259 1959-cu ild\u0259n sonra is\u0259 onun R\u0259yas\u0259t Hey\u0259tinin \u00fczv\u00fc olmu\u015fdur.
\nNazim Hikm\u0259t Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n yax\u0131n dostu idi. O, d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 Bak\u0131ya g\u0259lmi\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan \u015fair v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7oxu il\u0259 \u015f\u0259xs\u0259n dost olmu\u015f, onlarla yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q \u0259laq\u0259si saxlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycana h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f \u015ferl\u0259ri, Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin\u0259 dair m\u0259qal\u0259 v\u0259 xatir\u0259l\u0259ri vard\u0131r. \u018fs\u0259rl\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycanda d\u00f6n\u0259-d\u00f6n\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015f, pyesl\u0259ri tama\u015faya qoyulmu\u015fdur. B\u0259st\u0259kar A.M\u0259likov \u015fairin “M\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t \u0259fsan\u0259si” pyesi \u0259sas\u0131nda eyniadl\u0131 balet yazm\u0131\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n dig\u0259r b\u0259st\u0259karlar\u0131 \u015ferl\u0259rin\u0259 romanslar b\u0259st\u0259l\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r. R.Babayev “K\u0259ll\u0259” pyesin\u0259 ill\u00fcstrasiyalar \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015f, M.Rzayeva \u015fairin b\u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u015f\u00fcnaslar\u0131 \u015fairin h\u0259yat v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bir s\u0131ra sanball\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.
\nNazim Hikm\u0259t 1963-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Moskvada v\u0259fat etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

B\u0130R AYRILI\u015e H\u0130KAYES\u0130<\/p>\n

Erkek kad\u0131na dedi ki:
\n-Seni seviyorum,
\nama nas\u0131l,
\navu\u00e7lar\u0131mda camdan bir \u015fey gibi kalbimi s\u0131k\u0131p
\nparmaklar\u0131m\u0131 kanatarak
\nk\u0131ras\u0131ya
\n\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131ras\u0131ya…
\nErkek kad\u0131na dedi ki:
\n-Seni seviyorum,
\nama nas\u0131l,
\nkilometrelerle derin, kilometrelerle d\u00fcmd\u00fcz,
\ny\u00fczde y\u00fcz, y\u00fczde bin be\u015f y\u00fcz,
\ny\u00fczde hudutsuz kere y\u00fcz…
\nKad\u0131n erke\u011fe dedi ki:
\n-Bakt\u0131m
\nduda\u011f\u0131mla, y\u00fcre\u011fimle, kafamla;
\nseverek, korkarak, e\u011filerek,
\nduda\u011f\u0131na, y\u00fcre\u011fine, kafana.
\n\u015eimdi ne s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsam
\nkaranl\u0131kta bir f\u0131s\u0131lt\u0131 gibi sen \u00f6\u011frettin bana..
\nVe ben art\u0131k
\nbiliyorum:
\nTopra\u011f\u0131n –
\ny\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00fcne\u015fli bir ana gibi –
\nen son en g\u00fczel \u00e7ocu\u011funu emzirdi\u011fini..
\nFakat neyleyim
\nsa\u00e7lar\u0131m dolanm\u0131\u015f
\n\u00f6lmekte olan parmaklar\u0131na
\nba\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kurtarmam kabil
\nde\u011fil!
\nSen
\ny\u00fcr\u00fcmelisin,
\nyeni do\u011fan \u00e7ocu\u011fun
\ng\u00f6zlerine bakarak..
\nSen
\ny\u00fcr\u00fcmelisin,
\nbeni b\u0131rakarak…
\nKad\u0131n sustu.
\nSARILDILAR
\nBir kitap d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc yere…
\nKapand\u0131 bir pencere…
\nAYRILDILAR…<\/p>\n

Naz\u0131m Hikmet Ran<\/p>\n

BEN SENDEN \u00d6NCE \u00d6LMEK \u0130STER\u0130M<\/p>\n

Ben
\nsenden \u00f6nce \u00f6lmek isterim.
\nGidenin arkas\u0131ndan gelen
\ngideni bulacak m\u0131 zannediyorsun?
\nBen zannetmiyorum bunu.
\n\u0130yisi mi, beni yakt\u0131r\u0131rs\u0131n,
\nodanda oca\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne korsun
\n i\u00e7inde bir kavanozun.
\nKavanoz camdan olsun,
\n\u015feffaf, beyaz camdan olsun
\n ki i\u00e7inde beni g\u00f6rebilesin…
\nFedak\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 anl\u0131yorsun :
\nvazge\u00e7tim toprak olmaktan,
\nvazge\u00e7tim \u00e7i\u00e7ek olmaktan
\n senin yan\u0131nda kalabilmek i\u00e7in.
\nVe toz oluyorum
\nya\u015f\u0131yorum yan\u0131nda senin.
\nSonra, sen de \u00f6l\u00fcnce
\nkavanozuma gelirsin.
\nVe orda beraber ya\u015far\u0131z
\nk\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcn i\u00e7inde k\u00fcl\u00fcn,
\nta ki bir savruk gelin
\nyahut vefas\u0131z bir torun
\nbizi ordan atana kadar…
\nAma biz
\no zamana kadar
\no kadar
\nkar\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z
\nki birbirimize,
\nat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7\u00f6pl\u00fckte bile zerrelerimiz
\n yan yana d\u00fc\u015fecek.
\nTopra\u011fa beraber dalaca\u011f\u0131z.
\nVe bir g\u00fcn yabani bir \u00e7i\u00e7ek
\nbu toprak par\u00e7as\u0131ndan nemlenip filizlenirse
\nsap\u0131nda muhakkak
\niki \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u00e7acak :
\n biri sen
\n biri de ben.
\nBen
\ndaha \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum.
\nBen daha bir \u00e7ocuk do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131m.
\nHayat ta\u015f\u0131yor i\u00e7imden.
\nKayn\u0131yor kan\u0131m.
\nYa\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131m, ama \u00e7ok, pek \u00e7ok,
\nama sen de beraber.
\nAma \u00f6l\u00fcm de korkutmuyor beni.
\nYaln\u0131z pek sevimsiz buluyorum
\n bizim cenaze \u015feklini.
\nBen \u00f6l\u00fcnceye kadar da
\nbu d\u00fczelir herhalde.
\nHapisten \u00e7\u0131kmak ihtimalin var m\u0131 bu g\u00fcnlerde?
\n\u0130\u00e7imden bir \u015fey :
\n belki diyor. <\/p>\n

18 \u015eubat 1945 <\/p>\n

Naz\u0131m Hikmet Ran<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nazim Hikm\u0259t (Nazim Hikm\u0259t Ran) (15 yanvar 1902, Saloniki \u2014 3 iyun 1963, Moskva) \u2014 t\u00fcrk \u015fair, yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, r\u0259ssam, ssenarist v\u0259 dramaturq, ictimai xadim, Beyn\u0259lxalq S\u00fclh M\u00fckafat\u0131 laureat\u0131 (1950) v\u0259 t\u00fcrk inqilabi poeziyas\u0131n\u0131n banisi. H\u0259yat\u0131 Nazim Hikm\u0259t 1902-ci il yanvar ay\u0131n\u0131n 15-d\u0259 zad\u0259gan ail\u0259sind\u0259 anadan olmu\u015fdur. 1918-ci ild\u0259 \u0130stanbulda H\u0259rbi D\u0259niz\u00e7ilik m\u0259kt\u0259bin\u0259 daxil olmu\u015f, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-turkiy-dbiyyati"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7440","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7440"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7440\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7443,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7440\/revisions\/7443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7440"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7440"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}