{"id":9030,"date":"2014-05-28T05:07:01","date_gmt":"2014-05-28T05:07:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=9030"},"modified":"2014-05-28T05:07:01","modified_gmt":"2014-05-28T05:07:01","slug":"xalq-cumhuriyy%c9%99tinin-yaradilmasindan-96-il-otur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=9030","title":{"rendered":"Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131ndan 96 il \u00f6t\u00fcr"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"lider-300x168\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti Parlamenti (1918-1920-ci ill\u0259r)<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti v\u0259 onun Parlamenti \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259tin v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b bir tarixi d\u00f6vrd\u0259 meydana g\u0259lmi\u015fdi. Rusiyada ba\u015f vermi\u015f 1917-ci il fevral inqilab\u0131ndan sonra Zaqafqaziyda D\u00f6vl\u0259t Dumas\u0131na se\u00e7ilmi\u015f deputatlardan ibar\u0259t Zaqafqaziyan\u0131n idar\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 x\u00fcsusi komit\u0259, noyabrda is\u0259 Zaqafqaziya Komissariat\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131r. Zaqafqaziyadan Rusiyan\u0131n M\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r M\u0259clisin\u0259 se\u00e7ilmi\u015f v\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin oktyabr \u00e7evrili\u015find\u0259n sonra orada i\u015ftirak ed\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri 1918-ci il fevral\u0131n 14-d\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 topla\u015f\u0131rlar v\u0259 Zaqafqaziyada ali hakimiyy\u0259t orqan\u0131 olan Zaqafqaziya Seymini yarad\u0131rlar. <\/p>\n

Zaqafqaziiya Seymind\u0259 v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259tind\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n h\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7 mill\u0259tin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n h\u0259r biri \u00f6z mill\u0259tinin m\u0259nafeni \u00fcmumzaqafqaz m\u0259nafeyind\u0259n \u00fcst\u00fcn tuturdu. \u00dcmumi bir platforma yox idi. Bir s\u00f6zl\u0259 yenid\u0259n par\u00e7alanma m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si lab\u00fcd idi. N\u0259hay\u0259t 1918-ci il may ay\u0131n\u0131n 25-d\u0259 Zaqafqaziiya Seyminin son iclas\u0131 ke\u00e7irilir. G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan Zaqafqaziiya Seymind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xaraq may ay\u0131n\u0131n 26\u2013da \u00f6z istiqlaliyy\u0259tini elan edir. <\/p>\n

Zaqafqaziya Seymi da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131qdan bir g\u00fcn sonra, may\u0131n 27-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n istiqlaliyy\u0259tini elan etm\u0259k v\u0259 ilk Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Seymin 44 n\u0259f\u0259r m\u00fcs\u0259lman n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri Tiflisd\u0259 toplan\u0131r v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259k q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6zl\u0259rini Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Milli \u015euras\u0131 elan edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

M.\u018f.R\u0259sulzad\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n

1918-ci il may ay\u0131n\u0131n 28-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y A\u011fayevin s\u0259dirliyi il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n istiqlaliyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda b\u0259yannam\u0259ni q\u0259bul edir. <\/p>\n

\u0130stiqlaliyy\u0259t B\u0259yannam\u0259si<\/p>\n

B\u00f6y\u00fck Rusiya inqilab\u0131n\u0131n c\u0259ryan\u0131 il\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u00fccudunun ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 hiss\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 Zaqafqaziyan\u0131n rus ordular\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259rkin\u0259 m\u00f6vcub bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti-siyasiyy\u0259 hasil oldu. K\u0259ndi q\u0259vayi-m\u0259xsus\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259rk olunan Zaqafqaziya mill\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259ratlar\u0131n\u0131n idar\u0259sini bizzat k\u0259ndi \u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 alaraq Zaqafqaziya Qo\u015fma Xalq Cumhuriyy\u0259tini t\u0259sis etdil\u0259r. V\u0259qayi-siyasiy\u0259nin inki\u015faf etm\u0259si \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fc mill\u0259ti Zaqafqaziya Qo\u015fma Xalq Cumhuriyy\u0259ti cuzind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b \u00f6z m\u00fcst\u0259qil G\u00fcrc\u00fc Xalq Cumhuriyy\u0259ti t\u0259sisini s\u0259lah g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Rusiya il\u0259 osmanl\u0131 imperatorlu\u011fu aras\u0131nda z\u00fchur ed\u0259n m\u00fcharib\u0259nin t\u0259sviyy\u0259si \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n hasil olan v\u0259ziyy\u0259t hazireyi-siyasiyy\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259t daxilind\u0259 bulunan misilsiz anarxiya C\u0259nubi-\u015e\u0259rqi Zaqafqaziyadan ibar\u0259t bulunan Az\u0259rbaycana, d\u0259xi bulundu\u011fu daxili v\u0259 xarici m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fclatdan \u00e7\u0131xmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi bir d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 qurmaq l\u00fczumunu t\u0259lqin ediyor.<\/p>\n

Buna bina\u0259n arai-\u00fcmumiyy\u0259 il\u0259 intixab olunan Az\u0259rbaycan \u015eurai milliyeyi-islamiyy\u0259si b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259ma\u0259t\u0259 elan ediyor ki:<\/p>\n

1. Bu g\u00fcnd\u0259n etibar\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan x\u0259lqi hakimiyy\u0259t h\u0259qqin\u0259 malik oldu\u011fu, C\u0259nubi-\u015e\u0259rqi Zaqafqaziyadan ibar\u0259t Az\u0259rbaycan d\u0259xi kamil-\u0259l-h\u00fcquq m\u00fcst\u0259qil bir d\u00f6vl\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n

2. M\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin \u015f\u0259kili-idar\u0259si Xalq Cumhuriyy\u0259ti olaraq t\u0259q\u0259rr\u00fcr ediyor.<\/p>\n

3. Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq Cumhuriyy\u0259ti b\u00fct\u00fcn mill\u0259tl\u0259r v\u0259 bilxass\u0259 h\u0259mc\u00fcvar oldu\u011fu mill\u0259t v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti-H\u0259s\u0259n\u0259 t\u0259sisin\u0259 \u0259zm ed\u0259r.<\/p>\n

4. Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq Cumhuriyy\u0259ti mill\u0259t, m\u0259zh\u0259b, sinif, silk v\u0259 cins f\u0259rqi \u011f\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259n q\u0259l\u0259mr\u0259vind\u0259 ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131na h\u00fcquqi-siyasiyy\u0259 v\u0259 vat\u0259niyy\u0259 t\u0259min el\u0259r.<\/p>\n

5. Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq Cumhuriyy\u0259ti \u0259razisi daxilind\u0259 ya\u015fayan bilc\u00fcml\u0259 mill\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259stan\u0259 inki\u015faflar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u011feni\u015f meydan burax\u0131r.<\/p>\n

6.M\u0259clisi-m\u00fc\u0259ssisan toplan\u0131ncaya q\u0259d\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan idar\u0259sinin ba\u015f\u0131nda arai-\u00fcmumiyy\u0259 il\u0259 intixab olunmu\u015f \u015eurai-Milli v\u0259 \u015eurai-Milliy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u0259sul h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259ti-m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti durur.<\/p>\n

1918-ci il iyunun 16-da Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Tiflisd\u0259n G\u0259nc\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Bu zaman G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 real hakimiyy\u0259t T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin Qafqaz ordusu ba\u015f komandan\u0131 Nuru pa\u015fan\u0131n \u0259lind\u0259 idi. Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131 t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin \u201ch\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q demokratik istiqam\u0259tind\u0259n\u201d naraz\u0131 qalan b\u0259zi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259siri il\u0259 Nuru pa\u015fa Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259tini \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131lay\u0131r. Uzun dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlardan sonra qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda raz\u0131l\u0131q \u0259ld\u0259 olunur. T\u0259klif olunur ki, Milli \u015eura burax\u0131ls\u0131n v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn hakimiyy\u0259t yeni yarad\u0131lacaq h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 h\u0259val\u0259 olunsun. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fczakir\u0259 olunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 1918-ci il iyunun 17-d\u0259 M.\u018f.R\u0259sulzad\u0259nin s\u0259dirliyi il\u0259 Milli \u015euran\u0131n n\u00f6vb\u0259ti (yeddinci) iclas\u0131 ke\u00e7irilir.<\/p>\n

H\u0259min iclasda Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n burax\u0131lmas\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn qanunverici v\u0259 icraedici hakimiyy\u0259tin F.X.Xoyskinin s\u0259drlik etdiyi Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti h\u00f6kum\u0259tin\u0259 verilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda iki m\u00fch\u00fcm q\u0259tnam\u0259 q\u0259bul edildi. \u0130clasda \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259n F.X.Xoyski bildirir ki onun yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni h\u00f6kum\u0259tin ba\u015fl\u0131ca v\u0259zif\u0259si Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 istiqlaliyy\u0259ti u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 olacaqd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Paralel olaraq Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t aparat\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259\u015fkili i\u015fini d\u0259 davam etdirir. Az\u0259rbaycan dili d\u00f6vl\u0259t dili elan olunur. \u018fn m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259dbirl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 15 iyul 1918-ci ild\u0259 F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 T\u0259hqiqat Komissiyas\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 haqq\u0131ndak\u0131 q\u0259rar\u0131d\u0131. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 paytaxt Bak\u0131ya k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 bir s\u0131ra m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259dbirl\u0259r h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irmi\u015fdi. Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini 1918-ci il iyulun ax\u0131rlar\u0131nda s\u00fcqut etmi\u015f Bak\u0131 kommunas\u0131ndan sonra \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irmi\u015f eser-men\u015fevik v\u0259 da\u015fnak n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t \u201cSentrokaspi diktaturas\u0131\u201dndan t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259k idi. <\/p>\n

Q\u0131z\u011f\u0131n d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 1918-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 15-d\u0259 Bak\u0131 Qafqaz \u0130slam ordusu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n azad olunur. Sentyabr\u0131n 17-d\u0259 F.X.Xoyski h\u00f6kum\u0259ti G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259n Bak\u0131ya k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr. Bak\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin paytaxt\u0131 elan olunur. 1918-ci il iyunun 17-d\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini dayand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 h\u0259min il noyabr\u0131n 16-da \u00f6z i\u015fini yenid\u0259n b\u0259rpa edir. Bu iclasda F.X.Xoyskinin m\u00fcraci\u0259ti il\u0259 Milli \u015eura M\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r M\u0259clisini \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259li olan i\u015fl\u0259ri \u00f6z \u00f6hd\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Noyabr\u0131n 19-da Milli \u015euran\u0131n M.\u018f.R\u0259sulzad\u0259nin s\u0259drliyi il\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n iclas\u0131nda qeyd olunurdu ki, Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn mill\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259msil etm\u0259lidir. <\/p>\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259 h\u0259r 24 min n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n bir n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hesab\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar 80, erm\u0259nil\u0259r 21, ruslar 10, almanlar 1, y\u0259hudil\u0259r 1 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 olmaqla Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamentini 120 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t formala\u015fd\u0131rmaq q\u0259rara al\u0131n\u0131r. Bu m\u0259sl\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 Milli \u015euran\u0131n q\u0259bul etdiyi qanunda g\u00f6st\u0259rilirdi ki, azl\u0131qda qalan mill\u0259tl\u0259rin b\u00fct\u00fcn n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri olacaq. M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlardan is\u0259 44 Milli \u015eura \u00fczv\u00fc \u00fcmumi s\u0259sverm\u0259 yolu il\u0259 se\u00e7ildikl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni Parlament\u0259 \u00fczv daxil olurlar. Qalan 36 n\u0259f\u0259r is\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r c\u0259lb olunur. Qanunda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 q\u0259zalar\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259ril\u0259c\u0259k n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rin say\u0131 da m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015fdir. <\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti Parlamentinin \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 ad\u0131ndan, onun s\u0259dri, M.\u018f.R\u0259sulzad\u0259nin imzas\u0131 il\u0259 1918-ci il noyabr ay\u0131n\u0131n 29-da Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 rus dill\u0259rind\u0259 \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259halisin\u0259!\u201d M\u00fcraci\u0259tnam\u0259si d\u0259rc edilir.<\/p>\n

Parlamentin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 1918-ci il dekabr\u0131n 3-\u0259 t\u0259yin olunsa da, lakin Bak\u0131da f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n rus v\u0259 erm\u0259ni Milli \u015euralar\u0131 \u0259leyhin\u0259 olduqlar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamentinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli mane olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu \u0259r\u0259f\u0259d\u0259 Bak\u0131ya g\u0259lmi\u015f M\u00fctt\u0259fiq qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f komandan\u0131 general Tomsondan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. General Tomsonla apar\u0131lan dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlarla \u0259laq\u0259dar olaraq v\u0259 q\u0259zalardan b\u00fct\u00fcn deputatlar\u0131n Bak\u0131ya g\u0259l\u0259 bilm\u0259sini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq Parlamentin ilk iclas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 dekabr\u0131n 7-\u0259 ke\u00e7irilir. <\/p>\n

1918-ci il dekabr\u0131n 7-i H.Z.Ta\u011f\u0131yevin Nikolayev (indiki \u0130stiqlaliyy\u0259t) k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259sind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n ke\u00e7mi\u015f q\u0131z m\u0259kt\u0259binin binas\u0131nda m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015f\u0259rqind\u0259 ilk parlamentin birinci iclas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 oldu. Parlamenti a\u00e7an Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri M.\u018f.R\u0259sulzad\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259brik nitqi s\u00f6yl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n

\u018f.Top\u00e7uba\u015fov Parlamentin s\u0259dri, H\u0259s\u0259nb\u0259y A\u011fayev is\u0259 s\u0259drin birinci m\u00fcavini se\u00e7ilirl\u0259r. <\/p>\n

Parlamentin 3 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t katibliyi d\u0259 se\u00e7ilir, Mehdi b\u0259y Hac\u0131niski ba\u015f katib se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n

Sonra Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin s\u0259dri F.X.Xoyski h\u00f6kum\u0259tin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda hesabat verir v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259tin istefas\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259yi Parlamentd\u0259n xahi\u015f edir.<\/p>\n

Parlament F.X.Xoyski h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin istefas\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul edir v\u0259 yeni h\u00f6kum\u0259tin t\u0259rkibini formala\u015fd\u0131rma\u011f\u0131 yen\u0259 d\u0259 ona tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131r. Dekabr\u0131n 26-da F.X.Xoyski h\u00f6kum\u0259t proqram\u0131 v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259tin t\u0259rkibi bar\u0259d\u0259 Parlamentd\u0259 m\u0259ruz\u0259 edir. Proqram b\u0259y\u0259nilir, yeni t\u0259rkibd\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259tin t\u0259rkibin\u0259 etimad g\u00f6st\u0259rilir.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamenti yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk g\u00fcnd\u0259n \u00f6z i\u015fl\u0259rini demokratik c\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 xas t\u0259\u015fkilati prinsipl\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda qurur. Art\u0131q 1919-cu ilin ax\u0131rlar\u0131na yax\u0131n Parlamentd\u0259 11 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif partiya fraksiyas\u0131 v\u0259 qrupunu c\u0259mi 96 deputat t\u0259msil edirdi. <\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn partiya fraksiya v\u0259 qruplar\u0131 \u00f6z f\u0259aliyy\u0259t proqramlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda b\u0259yanatlar verirl\u0259r. Bu b\u0259yanatlarda \u00fcmumi bir m\u0259qs\u0259d var idi \u2013 g\u0259nc Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyi v\u0259 \u0259razi toxunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, milli v\u0259 siyasi h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 qoruyub saxlamaq Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin dig\u0259r xalqlar v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 qon\u015fu d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 dostluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rini yaratmaq v\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirm\u0259k, respublikada h\u00fcquqi-demokratik d\u00f6vl\u0259t qrulu\u015funu b\u0259rq\u0259rar etm\u0259k, geni\u015f sosial islahatlar h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k, \u00f6lk\u0259ni m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k g\u00fccl\u00fc ordu yaratmaq. <\/p>\n

C\u0259mi 17 ay f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259sin\u0259 baxmayaraq Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tnin Parlamenti \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn h\u0259yatiliyi v\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k i\u015fg\u00fczarl\u0131q qabiliyy\u0259tini s\u00fcbut etdi. G\u00f6st\u0259rdi ki, Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131 h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n parlament idar\u0259\u00e7iliyi s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259lmi\u015fdir. O vaxt Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015f\u0259rqind\u0259 yegan\u0259 parlamentli respublika idi.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6vr \u0259rzind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti Parlamentinin 145 iclas\u0131 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015fdir. \u0130lk iclas 1918-ci il dekabr\u0131n 7-d\u0259, son iclas is\u0259 1920-ci il aprelin 27-d\u0259 olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n

F\u0259aliyy\u0259t m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti Parlamentinin m\u00fczakir\u0259sin\u0259 270-d\u0259n yuxar\u0131 qanun layih\u0259si \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r ki, onlardan da 230-a yax\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259sdiq edilmi\u015fdir. Parlamentin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti bilavasit\u0259 onun nizamnam\u0259si rolunu oynayan \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan Parlamentinin nakaz\u0131 (t\u0259limat\u0131)\u201d il\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259nirdi.<\/p>\n

Parlamentd\u0259 11 komissiya f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. Maliyy\u0259-b\u00fcdc\u0259, qanunvericilik t\u0259klifl\u0259ri, M\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r M\u0259clisin\u0259 se\u00e7kil\u0259r ke\u00e7irm\u0259k \u00fczr\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zi komissiya, mandat, h\u0259rbi, aqrar m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r: sor\u011fular \u00fczr\u0259, t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat-s\u0259r\u0259ncamverici, \u00f6lk\u0259nin istehsal q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t, redaksiya v\u0259 f\u0259hl\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 komissiyalar\u0131 idi. Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti h\u00fcquqi D\u00f6vl\u0259t yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hakimiyy\u0259tin qanunvericilik, icraedicilik v\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 orqanlar\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259si prinsipini d\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu. Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti Parlamentinin b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti daha \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259nin sosial-iqtisadi v\u0259 maliyy\u0259 probleml\u0259rinin h\u0259llin\u0259, \u00f6lk\u0259nin siyasi v\u0259 \u0259razi toxunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259y\u0259, v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 qorumaq, d\u00f6vl\u0259tin demokratik v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirm\u0259k, Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin d\u00fcnya d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rait yaratmaq, onun xarici \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 yax\u0131n qon\u015fular\u0131 il\u0259, siyasi, iqtisadi v\u0259 ticar\u0259t \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rini yaratma\u011fa y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015fdi. Eyni zamanda bu d\u00f6vr \u0259rzind\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015fl\u0131q haqq\u0131nda, \u00fcmumi h\u0259rbi m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fiyy\u0259t haqq\u0131nda, m\u0259tbuat haqq\u0131nda, Milli Bank\u0131n t\u0259sisi haqq\u0131nda, Bak\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t Universitetinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda, g\u00f6mr\u00fck v\u0259 po\u00e7t-teleqraf xidm\u0259tinin t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 qanunvericiliyi haqq\u0131nda v\u0259 s. S\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r d\u0259 parlamentd\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 edilib v\u0259 q\u0259bul edilmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamentinin v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duran \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan istiqlaliyy\u0259tinin beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259md\u0259 tan\u0131nmas\u0131 idi. <\/p>\n

Xarici siyas\u0259td\u0259 ilk add\u0131m olaraq Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fcnya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin xarici i\u015fl\u0259r nazirlikl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u0259lumat verilm\u0259si oldu. Lakin paytaxt\u0131n G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si v\u0259 xarici d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259likl\u0259r yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar olan \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Xarici \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyinin bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. <\/p>\n

C\u0259nubi Qafqaz h\u00f6kum\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yarad\u0131lan T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb ed\u0259n Batumi dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131 art\u0131q m\u00fcst\u0259qil respublikalar\u0131n xarici siyas\u0259tind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 oldu.<\/p>\n

4 iyun 1918-ci il \u201cOsmanl\u0131 imperatorlu\u011fu h\u00f6kum\u0259ti il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 aras\u0131nda dostluq m\u00fcqavil\u0259si\u201d imzaland\u0131. Bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n xarici d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk r\u0259smi s\u0259n\u0259d hesab olunur. 11 madd\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin m\u00fch\u00fcm \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malik 4-c\u00fc madd\u0259sind\u0259 \u201cdinclik v\u0259 asayi\u015fi m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00f6lk\u0259nin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyinin t\u0259mini \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259g\u0259r z\u0259rur\u0259t olarsa Osmanl\u0131 h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131na h\u0259rbi yard\u0131m g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259yi \u00f6z \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr\u201d m\u00fcdd\u0259as\u0131 \u00f6z \u0259ksini tap\u0131rd\u0131. Bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259y\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 olaraq, Bak\u0131-Batum neft k\u0259m\u0259ri, C\u0259nubi Qafqaz d\u0259mir yolu haqq\u0131nda olan sazi\u015f v\u0259 protokollar imzaland\u0131. \u201cBak\u0131-Batum neft k\u0259m\u0259ri\u201d il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 sazi\u015fd\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u00f6z \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 neft k\u0259m\u0259rinin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin t\u0259min olunmas\u0131n\u0131 raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. D\u0259mir yoluna dair imzalanm\u0131\u015f ikinci sazi\u015fd\u0259 Qafqaz v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259ti raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar ki, ke\u00e7mi\u015f Rusiya m\u00fclkiyy\u0259tind\u0259 olan d\u0259miryol n\u0259qliyyat vasit\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n

14 iyun Batumda \u201cS\u00fclh v\u0259 dostluq\u201d m\u00fcqavil\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 olaraq iki sazi\u015f imzaland\u0131 Birinci sazi\u015fd\u0259 4 iyun m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin Almaniya v\u0259 Avstriya-Macar\u0131stana da aid oldu\u011fu bildirilirdi v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin m\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 \u00f6hd\u0259lik kimi \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Almaniya, Avstriya-Macar\u0131stan, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259, Bolqar\u0131stan v\u0259 Qafqaz d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n \u0130stanbul konfrans\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tini t\u0259msil ed\u0259n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 siyasi, iqtisadi v\u0259 h\u0259rbi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r imzalamaq s\u0259lahiyy\u0259ti verildi. Almaniya v\u0259 Sovet Rusiyas\u0131 aras\u0131nda apar\u0131lan gizli dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Brest m\u00fcqavil\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 olaraq 27 avqust sazi\u015fi imzaland\u0131. Sazi\u015fin VI f\u0259sli Qafqaza aid idi. 13-c\u00fc madd\u0259d\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin Almaniya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tan\u0131nmas\u0131na Rusiya \u00f6z raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. Az\u0259rbaycana dair 14-c\u00fc madd\u0259d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana Almaniyan\u0131n he\u00e7 bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 yard\u0131m etm\u0259m\u0259si v\u0259 bu \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc q\u00fcvv\u0259nin yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 raz\u0131 olmamas\u0131, eyni zamanda Bak\u0131 neftinin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n hiss\u0259sinin Almaniyaya verilm\u0259si raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Sazi\u015fin bu hiss\u0259si Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259razi b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015fdi. Bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Alman n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si qraf Valdburqa nota t\u0259qdim etmi\u015fdi. Beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259md\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin Antanta d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin xeyrin\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si v\u0259 b\u0259zi diplomatik c\u0259hdl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 sentyabrda Almaniya 27 avqust m\u00fcqavil\u0259sind\u0259n r\u0259smi olaraq imtina etdi. Eyni zamanda Az\u0259rbaycanda diplomatik m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r bax\u0131m\u0131ndan \u0259laq\u0259 quraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 r\u0259sm\u0259n tan\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. H\u0259m\u00e7inin Almaniya Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Sovet Rusiyas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n d\u0259 tan\u0131naca\u011f\u0131na v\u0259d verdi.<\/p>\n

1918-ci il oktyabr\u0131n 30-da imzalanan Mudros bar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 \u00e7ox a\u011f\u0131r siyasi iz buraxm\u0131\u015f oldu. M\u00fcqavil\u0259nin 11-ci madd\u0259si T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqazdan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu.<\/p>\n

10 noyabr tarixind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n AB\u015e prezidentin\u0259 d\u00fcnya d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 xahi\u015fi il\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t olundu. Bununla yana\u015f\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti \u018fnz\u0259lid\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlara ba\u015flad\u0131. M\u00fctt\u0259fiq qo\u015funlar\u0131n Bak\u0131ya daxil olmas\u0131 il\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r diplomatik s\u0259yl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fctt\u0259fiq komandanl\u0131q t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n de-fakto Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi. <\/p>\n

I d\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259si ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131qdan sonra qalib d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r \u00f6z q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rini raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rmaq v\u0259 r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k, beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259md\u0259 yaranan probleml\u0259ri h\u0259ll etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Parisd\u0259 s\u00fclh konfrans\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmaq bar\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259rar q\u0259bul etdil\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri \u018fnz\u0259lid\u0259 m\u00fctt\u0259fiq komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n general\u0131 Tomsonla dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlarda beyn\u0259lxalq s\u00fclh konfrans\u0131nda i\u015ftirak \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259minat alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. S\u00fclh konfrans\u0131nda i\u015ftirak etm\u0259kl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri 4 m\u00fch\u00fcm v\u0259zif\u0259ni h\u0259ll etm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdil\u0259r: 1) AB\u015e, Fransa, B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya, \u0130taliya m\u00fctt\u0259fiq h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 Hollandiya v\u0259 \u0130sve\u00e7r\u0259 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u0259k suveren d\u00f6vl\u0259t kimi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131na nail olmaq; 2) Az\u0259rbaycan haqq\u0131nda ictimai r\u0259y formala\u015fd\u0131rmaq; 3) Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ictimai v\u0259 siyasi xadiml\u0259rl\u0259, t\u0259\u015fkilat r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u0259k Az\u0259rbaycan bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumat verm\u0259k; 4) Xarici d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin ticar\u0259t-s\u0259naye dair\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 kommersiya \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 gir\u0259r\u0259k, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259ruri materiallar\u0131n toplanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Paris S\u00fclh Konfrans\u0131na ged\u0259c\u0259k n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri \u018f.M.Top\u00e7uba\u015fov AB\u015e-\u0131n \u0130stanbuldak\u0131 diplomat\u0131 Naeskl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, AB\u015e prezidenti V.Vilsonun 14 madd\u0259lik prinsipl\u0259rinin Az\u0259rbaycana \u015famil edilm\u0259si v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyimizin AB\u015e t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tan\u0131nmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259klik g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259yi xahi\u015f etmi\u015fdi. Hollandiya, \u0130sve\u00e7 v\u0259 \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin \u0130stanbuldak\u0131 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n haz\u0131rki v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin\u0259 dair memorandumu t\u0259qdim etmi\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259min d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin \u00f6z \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki diplomatik n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259likl\u0259ri bu bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumatland\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. \u018f.M.Top\u00e7uba\u015fov Denikin h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si Sazonovla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259, onu \u201cvahid v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259z Rusiya\u201d u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 ideyas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0259kindirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n m\u00f6vqed\u0259n yana\u015fan \u0130ran d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin xarici i\u015fl\u0259r naziri \u018fliqulu xan \u018fnsari il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259 \u018f.M.Top\u00e7uba\u015fov bu yana\u015fman\u0131 yum\u015faltma\u011fa nail oldu. \u0130ran n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri s\u00fclh konfrans\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n istiqlaliyy\u0259tini m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rin\u0259 s\u00f6z verdil\u0259r. Ancaq bu, s\u00f6z olaraq qald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yanvar\u0131n 18-d\u0259 ba\u015flayan Paris S\u00fclh konfrans\u0131n\u0131n gedi\u015fi zaman\u0131 Vilson t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Rusiya \u0259razisind\u0259ki qar\u015f\u0131-qar\u015f\u0131ya duran b\u00fct\u00fcn q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t elan olundu v\u0259 fevral\u0131n 15-d\u0259 M\u0259rm\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259nizind\u0259ki \u015eahzad\u0259 adas\u0131nda konfrans ke\u00e7irm\u0259yi t\u0259klif etdi. Az\u0259rbaycan \u00f6z m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apard\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu konfransda i\u015ftirakdan imtina etdi. Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq, art\u0131q Paris konfrans\u0131nda i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n erm\u0259ni v\u0259 \u0130ran n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycana qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259razi iddialar\u0131 il\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f etdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tin\u0259 yaln\u0131z may\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 Paris\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu. AB\u015e prezidenti V.Vilsonun t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si AB\u015e, Fransa, \u0130taliya v\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya h\u00f6kum\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan ibar\u0259t D\u00f6rdl\u0259r \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n iclas\u0131nda m\u00fczakir\u0259 olundu v\u0259 \u018f.M.Top\u00e7uba\u015fovun n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri kimi tan\u0131nmas\u0131na raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

N\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti may\u0131n 23-d\u0259 ingilis n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si ser Malletl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259 1919-dan Bak\u0131dak\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal rejiminin l\u0259\u011fvi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si m\u00fczakir\u0259 olundu. Bo\u011fazlar v\u0259 Qafqazda mandatlar m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259r AB\u015e-\u0131n mara\u011f\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu v\u0259 may\u0131n sonu Vilson Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tini q\u0259bul etdi. Prezident\u0259 t\u0259qdim olunan memorandum Az\u0259rbaycan bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumat verirdi v\u0259 buna \u0259lav\u0259 6 b\u0259ndd\u0259n ibar\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Burada, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131, Vilson prinsipl\u0259rinin Az\u0259rbaycana \u015famil edilm\u0259si, MC-n\u0259 q\u0259bul; AB\u015e h\u0259rbi departamentliyi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycana h\u0259rbi yard\u0131m v\u0259 AB\u015e-Az\u0259rbaycan aras\u0131nda diplomatik m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r yarad\u0131ls\u0131n; fikirl\u0259ri \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Lakin Vilson m\u00fcst\u0259qillik m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sin\u0259 fikir bildirm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 rus m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sinin h\u0259llin\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fdar oldu\u011funu bildirdi. <\/p>\n

1919-cu ild\u0259 iyun ay\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan-G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan aras\u0131nda h\u0259rbi m\u00fcdafi\u0259 pakt\u0131 imzaland\u0131. Pakt d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n h\u0259r hans\u0131 birinin \u0259razi b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 istiqlaliyy\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259cav\u00fcz olard\u0131sa, dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fin h\u0259rbi yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin separat s\u00fclh ba\u011flamamaq \u00f6hd\u0259liyi burada \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Regionda mandat almaq u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin maraqlar\u0131 toqqu\u015furdu. Burada x\u00fcsus\u0259n AB\u015e Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycana qar\u015f\u0131 ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc \u0259razi iddialar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yirdi v\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van, \u015e\u0259rur-D\u0259r\u0259l\u0259y\u0259z general qubernatorlu\u011funun yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti \u00f6z g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 vermi\u015f olduqlar\u0131 etiraz notalar\u0131nda bunun do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vur\u011fulay\u0131rd\u0131lar. Haskelin t\u0259hlil etdiyi layih\u0259d\u0259ki m\u00fcdd\u0259alara Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti bir \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259 raz\u0131 olurdu ki, \u0259razi Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259rkibind\u0259 qalacaq. <\/p>\n

Noyabr ay\u0131nda AB\u015e missiyas\u0131n\u0131n vasit\u0259\u00e7iliyi il\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan-Erm\u0259nistan sazi\u015fi m\u00fch\u00fcm \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malik oldu. Sazi\u015fin III madd\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r raz\u0131la\u015fmayacaqlar\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 AB\u015e-\u0131n m\u00fcnsifl\u0259r m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259si rolu tan\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. Sazi\u015f AB\u015e ordusu Qafqaz\u0131 t\u0259rk etm\u0259si il\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259d\u0259n d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1919-cu ilin sentyabr\u0131nda Parisd\u0259ki n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri \u018f.M.Top\u00e7uba\u015fov AB\u015e konqresi n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259r palatas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc \u00c7andlerin AB\u015e-da Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qillik v\u0259 m\u0259nafe maraqlar\u0131n\u0131n qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn v\u0259kil t\u0259yin olunmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 sazi\u015f imzalad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Oktyabr ay\u0131nda Fransa m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259 liqas\u0131n\u0131n xarici siyas\u0259t b\u00f6lm\u0259sinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n de-fakto v\u0259 de-yure tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etdiyini v\u0259 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259k xahi\u015fi il\u0259 Klemanso h\u00f6kum\u0259tin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdiyini bildirmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

4 madd\u0259lik \u0130ran-Az\u0259rbaycan ittifaq\u0131 haqq\u0131nda sazi\u015fin imzalanmas\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin \u0130ran\u0131n \u00f6z s\u0259rt m\u00f6vqeyini d\u0259yi\u015fdirm\u0259k istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 diplomatik u\u011furun n\u00fcmun\u0259si oldu. Sazi\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259t oldu\u011funun tan\u0131nmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 idi.<\/p>\n

1920-ci ilin yanvar\u0131nda Parisd\u0259 Ali \u015euran\u0131n iclas\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini b\u0259yan ed\u0259n memorandum haz\u0131rlad\u0131. X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259si, Az\u0259rbaycana maliyy\u0259, h\u0259rbi v\u0259 \u0259rzaq yard\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapd\u0131. Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na qoydu\u011fu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sini h\u0259ll etmi\u015f oldu. Mart ay\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan-\u0130ran aras\u0131nda imzalanan m\u00fcqavil\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyimizin de-yure tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259yan etdi. <\/p>\n

Aprel ay\u0131nda San-Remo konfrans\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 maraqland\u0131ran neft, Batum m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si, rus m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259-Erm\u0259nistan s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259ri m\u00fczakir\u0259 olundu.<\/p>\n

1920-ci il 28 aprel i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259t olmaq yolunda s\u0259yl\u0259rini dayand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f oldu. Uzun s\u00fcr\u0259n \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259md\u0259 de-fakto tan\u0131nan az\u0259rbaycan yaln\u0131z 23 ay m\u00fcst\u0259qil ola bildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti Parlamenti (1918-1920-ci ill\u0259r) Az\u0259rbaycan xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti v\u0259 onun Parlamenti \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259tin v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b bir tarixi d\u00f6vrd\u0259 meydana g\u0259lmi\u015fdi. Rusiyada ba\u015f vermi\u015f 1917-ci il fevral inqilab\u0131ndan sonra Zaqafqaziyda D\u00f6vl\u0259t Dumas\u0131na se\u00e7ilmi\u015f deputatlardan ibar\u0259t Zaqafqaziyan\u0131n idar\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 x\u00fcsusi komit\u0259, noyabrda is\u0259 Zaqafqaziya Komissariat\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131r. Zaqafqaziyadan Rusiyan\u0131n M\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r M\u0259clisin\u0259 se\u00e7ilmi\u015f v\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin oktyabr \u00e7evrili\u015find\u0259n sonra […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pub"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9030","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9030"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9030\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9033,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9030\/revisions\/9033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9030"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9030"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9030"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}