![\"http:\/\/s017.radikal.ru\/i435\/1606\/e6\/ed85f3b38522.jpg\"](\"http:\/\/s017.radikal.ru\/i435\/1606\/e6\/ed85f3b38522.jpg\")
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Bizi \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n ekoloji m\u00fchit n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r sa\u011flam v\u0259 yararl\u0131 olarsa biz d\u0259 f\u0259rd v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259t olaraq bir o q\u0259d\u0259r sa\u011flam v\u0259 g\u00fcv\u0259nli olar\u0131q. Zaman-zaman aliml\u0259rimiz t\u0259bi\u0259tin qorunmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 laz\u0131m\u0131 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259rini vermi\u015fdirl\u0259r. Bel\u0259 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zdan biri d\u0259 Akademik H\u0259s\u0259n \u018fliyevdir. O, deyirdi: \u201cT\u0259bi\u0259ti qorumaq, h\u0259yat\u0131 qorumaq dem\u0259kdir\u201d. H\u0259s\u0259n \u018fliyev g\u00f6rk\u0259mli torpaq\u015f\u00fcnas, \u00fcmumi \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259ti m\u00fchafiz\u0259 \u00fczr\u0259 alim olmu\u015fdur. B\u00f6y\u00fck alimimiz me\u015f\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n co\u011frafiyas\u0131n\u0131, torpaq x\u0259rit\u0259sini, Beyn\u0259lxalq bioloji proqram\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f, \u0259traf m\u00fchitin qorunmas\u0131, su v\u0259 torpaq ehtiyatlar\u0131ndan s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 proqnozlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015fdir. H\u0259min elmi i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n birind\u0259 d\u0259 ekologiya m\u00f6vzusuna x\u00fcsusi \u00f6n\u0259m vermi\u015fdir.
\nDo\u011frudan da, abiotik faktrlarala canl\u0131 al\u0259m aras\u0131nda qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r, madd\u0259l\u0259rin biosferd\u0259 aramla d\u00f6vr etm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Biosferin h\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7 t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259sind\u0259 litosferd\u0259 atmosferd\u0259 v\u0259 hidrosferd\u0259 madd\u0259l\u0259rin biokimy\u0259vi prosesl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259krar\u0259n i\u015ftirak\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. Ekoloji prosesl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u00f6vr ed\u0259n elementl\u0259rin bir-birin\u0259 nisbiliyini sabit saxlay\u0131r. Biosferd\u0259 madd\u0259l\u0259r d\u00f6vran\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn forma v\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 su i\u015ftirak edir.
\nEkoloji mahiyy\u0259tc\u0259 su h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n h\u0259yat amilidir. Canl\u0131 materiyan\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 su t\u0259\u015fkil edir. \u0130nsan b\u0259d\u0259ninin 70 %-ni, bitkil\u0259rin 60-90 %-ni meduzan\u0131n is\u0259 98 %-ni su t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Su biosferd\u0259 n\u0259h\u0259ng n\u0259qledicidir. Planetimizin su balans\u0131n\u0131n 97,5 %-ni d\u00fcnya okean\u0131nda c\u0259ml\u0259\u015fdirir. \u00dcmumi su balans\u0131n\u0131n 2%-i buzlaqlarda topla\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sind\u0259n suyun c\u0259mi 0,6 – 0,63 %-ni \u015firin su t\u0259\u015fkil edir.
\nB\u00fct\u00fcn bu sular d\u00f6vr edir. Su d\u00f6vran\u0131n\u0131n okeanlara aid hiss\u0259si b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 buxarlanma v\u0259 ya\u011fmurla \u0259laq\u0259dard\u0131r. Atmosfer havas\u0131 buxar hal\u0131nda olan n\u0259mi\u015flik hesab\u0131na il boyu s\u00fczg\u0259cd\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259n kimi t\u0259mizl\u0259nir. \u018fg\u0259r \u00e7\u0259n duman, bulud olmasayd\u0131 atmosfer havas\u0131 toz his, t\u00fcst\u00fc il\u0259 qaranl\u0131q il\u0259 z\u00fclm\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259rdi Bir ild\u0259 36-37 d\u0259f\u0259 atmosferd\u0259 buxarlanma olur.
\nKarbon birinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li biogen elementdir. T\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259 karbonun d\u00f6vr etm\u0259si iki \u0259sas bioloji prosesin-fotosintez v\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs ehtimal olunur ki, yer k\u00fcr\u0259sinin bitki al\u0259mi h\u0259r il atmosferd\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7 y\u00fcz milyard ton CO2- m\u0259nims\u0259yir. Ekoloqlar is\u0259 hesablam\u0131\u015flar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n atmosfer\u0259 qaytar\u0131lan karbonun miqdar\u0131 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 300-320 milyard tona \u00e7at\u0131r. Oksigenin d\u00f6vran\u0131 planetar xarakter da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Azot ehtiyat\u0131 t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259 t\u00fck\u0259nm\u0259zdir. Biosferd\u0259 toplanan azotun 78-79 %-i atmosferd\u0259dir. Azot elementi inertdir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131lar molekulyar azotdan istifad\u0259 edir. Canl\u0131 orqanizmd\u0259ki, miqdar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 fosfor azotdan sonra ikinci yeri tutur.
\n\u0130nsan\u0131n \u0259qli, \u015f\u00fcuru, t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fc artd\u0131qca onun t\u0259bi\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 q\u0259ddarl\u0131\u011f\u0131-amans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259nmi\u015fdir. \u00d6z ilk be\u015fiyi t\u0259bi\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 q\u0259ddar olan insan acg\u00f6zl\u00fck, pax\u0131ll\u0131q, x\u0259bislik kimi m\u0259nfi keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259r onun t\u0259bi\u0259tin ayr\u0131lmaz hiss\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdir. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n biosfer\u0259 q\u0259dimd\u0259n t\u0259siri m\u0259lumdur.
\nM\u00fcasir s\u0259naye k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 sah\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunan g\u00fcbr\u0259 pestised v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif xammal t\u0259bi\u0259t\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 y\u00fckd\u00fcr. Onlar canl\u0131lar\u0131n normal inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131 pozur. M\u00fcasir insan g\u00fcnd\u0259 1,5-2,5 k.q tullant\u0131 yarad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131 is\u0259 biosferin sabitliyini pozur. Biosferin sabitliyinin pozulmas\u0131 birinci n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 insanlar\u0131n \u0259rzaqla t\u0259min olunmas\u0131 problemini yarad\u0131r.
\nBu g\u00fcn \u00f6z normas\u0131ndan art\u0131q \u0259rzaq, istehsal ed\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259 sabah bu q\u0259d\u0259r istehsal ed\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k. \u00c7\u00fcnki, onun da havas\u0131, suyu, torpa\u011f\u0131 v\u0259. s. korlan\u0131r.
\nAtmosfer, hidrosfer v\u0259 litosfer biosferin \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259sinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 tipl\u0259rind\u0259ndir.
\n2. kimy\u0259vi \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259
\n1. fiziki \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259 ,
\n3. bioloji \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259
\nFiziki \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 radioaktiv elementl\u0259r, \u015f\u00fcalanma, istil\u0259\u015fm\u0259 v\u0259 infira s\u0259sl\u0259r aiddir.
\nKimy\u0259vi \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 maye \u015f\u0259killi tullant\u0131lar pestisidl\u0259r S v\u0259 N m\u0259hsullar\u0131, a\u011f\u0131r m\u0259hsullar, aerozollar, q\u0131cq\u0131ran \u00fczvi madd\u0259l\u0259r aiddir.
\nBioloji \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 is\u0259 qida v\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs yollar\u0131n\u0131n, mikrobioloji z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259si, (virus, bakteriya v\u0259 g\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259kcikl\u0259r) v\u0259 biosenozion d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si (yeni heyvan v\u0259 bitki n\u00f6vl\u0259rinin t\u0259tbiqi) misald\u0131r.
\nAtmosferin \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 biosferd\u0259n iqlim d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si ba\u015f verir ki, bu daha qorxuludur. Atmosfer havas\u0131n\u0131n qorunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7 t\u0259dbir n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur.
\n1. planla\u015fd\u0131rma-yerli \u015f\u0259rait\u0259 uy\u011fun,
\n2. qaz, toz, his xass\u0259li tullant\u0131lar\u0131n atmosfer\u0259 yay\u0131lmama\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u00fczg\u0259cl\u0259rin toztutucu qur\u011fular\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi. \u018fhalinin sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tam, t\u0259min ed\u0259n, qat\u0131l\u0131qdan art\u0131q tullant\u0131ya yol verm\u0259y\u0259n, istehsal sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k. Torpaq h\u0259m mineral madd\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 s\u00fcni yolla al\u0131nan \u00fczvi birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nir. Pessidisl\u0259r haz\u0131rda \u00fc\u00e7 qrupa b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. 1. Xlorlu, 2. Fosforlu 3. Karbonatl\u0131 bunlar ham\u0131s\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259tli z\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rdir. Pessidisl\u0259r t\u0259kc\u0259 flora v\u0259 faunaya deyil, dolay\u0131 yolla insanlara da m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Qida silsil\u0259si bel\u0259 s\u0131ralan\u0131r. Torpaq – ot – heyvan \u2013 s\u00fcd -(\u0259t) – insan. Bu qida z\u0259ncirin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 insan daha \u00e7ox t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259d\u0259 qal\u0131r. D\u00fcnya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri q\u0259rara al\u0131blar ki, aqrotexniki vasit\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n el\u0259 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, o, bizim \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u0259laya \u00e7evrilm\u0259sin.
\nBu bax\u0131mdan t\u0259bii s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 etm\u0259yi Karl Marks bel\u0259 ifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir; \u201cG\u0259lin t\u0259bi\u0259t \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 il\u0259 \u00f6y\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259k. \u00c7\u00fcnki, h\u0259r bir bel\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259bi\u0259t bizd\u0259n intiqam al\u0131r\u201d. M\u0259nc\u0259 d\u0259 biz t\u0259bi\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r qay\u011f\u0131ke\u015f yana\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131q ki, t\u0259bi\u0259t d\u0259 bizd\u0259n intiqam alacaq h\u0259dd\u0259 \u00e7atmas\u0131n. Ekologiya g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 g\u0259nc n\u0259slin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 bir pedaqoq kimi s\u0259sl\u0259nir\u0259m ki, t\u0259bi\u0259timizi v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259timizi qoruyaq. \u00c7\u00fcnki, sa\u011flam c\u0259miyy\u0259t sa\u011flam ekologiyan\u0131n, sa\u011flam t\u0259bi\u0259tin b\u0259hr\u0259sidir. <\/p>\n
Ziba M\u0259mm\u0259dova, Bizi \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n ekoloji m\u00fchit n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r sa\u011flam v\u0259 yararl\u0131 olarsa biz d\u0259 f\u0259rd v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259t olaraq bir o q\u0259d\u0259r sa\u011flam v\u0259 g\u00fcv\u0259nli olar\u0131q. Zaman-zaman aliml\u0259rimiz t\u0259bi\u0259tin qorunmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 laz\u0131m\u0131 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259rini vermi\u015fdirl\u0259r. Bel\u0259 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zdan biri d\u0259 Akademik H\u0259s\u0259n \u018fliyevdir. O, deyirdi: \u201cT\u0259bi\u0259ti qorumaq, h\u0259yat\u0131 qorumaq dem\u0259kdir\u201d. H\u0259s\u0259n \u018fliyev g\u00f6rk\u0259mli torpaq\u015f\u00fcnas, \u00fcmumi \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259ti […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pub"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20305","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20305"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20305\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20308,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20305\/revisions\/20308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20305"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20305"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nA\u011fsu rayon K\u0259ndoba k\u0259nd tam orta m\u0259kt\u0259binin biologiya m\u00fc\u0259llimi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"