{"id":22769,"date":"2016-10-21T13:00:37","date_gmt":"2016-10-21T09:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=22769"},"modified":"2016-10-24T08:53:53","modified_gmt":"2016-10-24T04:53:53","slug":"yusuf-ucar-agustos-turklerin-zafer-ayidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=22769","title":{"rendered":"Yusuf U\u00c7AR.”A\u011eUSTOS T\u00dcRKLER\u0130N ZAFER AYIDIR”"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"azb\"<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk tarihinin zaferler ay\u0131 olarak bilinen A\u011fustos ay\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck 62 zafer kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tarihler kaydeder. Bunlardan 26 A\u011fustos 1071 Malazgirt, Moha\u00e7 Sava\u015f\u0131, Mercidab\u0131k Sava\u015f\u0131, 26 A\u011fustos Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve 30 A\u011fustos Ba\u015fkumandanl\u0131k Meydan Muharebesi T\u00fcrklerin tarihte kesin \u00e7izgilerle iz b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaferlerden birka\u00e7 tanesidir.
\n26 A\u011fustos 1071 Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131yla Anadolu\u2019nun kap\u0131lar\u0131 T\u00fcrklere birer birer a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun do\u011fuda en kuvvetli kalesi ve \u015fehri olan Ani\u2019nin Alpaslan taraf\u0131ndan fethedilmesi, H\u0131ristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc ve \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ise b\u00fcy\u00fck sevince yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u00c7a\u011fr\u0131 ve Tu\u011frul karde\u015fler, r\u00fczg\u00e2r gibi u\u00e7an atlar \u00fczerinde uzun sa\u00e7l\u0131 T\u00fcrkmenler olarak an\u0131l\u0131rlar. \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131 Bey e\u015fsiz bir sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 ve karde\u015fi Tu\u011frul Bey ise siyasi bir deha sahibidir.
\nAlparslan\u2019\u0131n amcas\u0131 Tu\u011frul Bey, ya\u015fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in yerine ye\u011feni Alpaslan\u2019\u0131n \u00fcvey karde\u015fi Emir S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n ge\u00e7mesini istiyordu. Alpaslan kendini iyi yeti\u015ftirmi\u015f ve Horasan\u2019da vali iken her y\u00f6n\u00fcyle kendini iyi bir kumandan olarak tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015f ve \u00fcn\u00fc her yana yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Beylerin de deste\u011fini alarak amcas\u0131n\u0131n muhalefetine ra\u011fmen Sel\u00e7uklu taht\u0131na oturur. Kendine isyan eden karde\u015fleri ve ye\u011fenlerini affeder ve onlara tekrar g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluk verir. Onlar\u0131n g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fc de al\u0131r.
\nAlparslan as\u0131l amac\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrklere Anadolu\u2019nun kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7mak oldu\u011funu \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu: \u201cBeylerim, ye\u011fenlerim, kumandanlar\u0131m, Biliniz ki biz, amcam Tu\u011frul Bey\u2019in a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoldan y\u00fcr\u00fcyece\u011fiz. Bu yol T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn y\u00fckselmesi, yeni bir vatan kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in takip edece\u011fi yoldur. Birli\u011fi, karde\u015fli\u011fi bozmayal\u0131m. Sultana isyan edenler felah bulamazlar. Birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z, birlikte ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131z ve zaferlerimizin meyvesini birlikte tadaca\u011f\u0131z.\u201d
\nAlparslan do\u011fuda seferlerine devam ederken Af\u015fin, Sav Tekin, Ay Tekin. G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f Tekin gibi komutanlar\u0131 da Bizans\u2019\u0131n dayanma noktalar\u0131n\u0131 yok etmek, Bizans\u2019\u0131 h\u0131rpalamak ve y\u0131ld\u0131rmak, Anadolu\u2019yu T\u00fcrkmenle\u015ftirme i\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcd\u00fcyorlard\u0131.
\nBizans T\u00fcrk sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda imparatorlu\u011fun gittik\u00e7e zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tedbiri almazsa \u00e7\u00f6kece\u011fini anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Krali\u00e7e Odokya, T\u00fcrk sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koyacak iyi bir te\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131, soylu bir asker aramaya koyuldu. \u201cBen ancak T\u00fcrkleri durdurabilecek bir kumandanla evlenebilirim ve Bizans taht\u0131na yaln\u0131z onu oturturum.\u201d diyordu. Yeni \u0130mparator Romen Diyojen ilk i\u015f olarak Makedonya, Yunanistan, Franklar, Normanlar, Slavlar, Almanlar, Ermeniler, Abhazlardan asker toplad\u0131. Orta ve Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019da ya\u015flar\u0131 uygun olan erkekleri asker yapt\u0131. Rumeli\u2019deki \u201cO\u011fuz ve Pe\u00e7enek\u201d T\u00fcrklerine de g\u00f6rev verdi.
\nBizans ve b\u00fct\u00fcn H\u0131ristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131 Romen Diyojen\u2019in kesin zafer kazanaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck donanma ve ordusuna sahipti. Bizans\u2019\u0131n ve H\u0131ristiyan d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 bu sava\u015f i\u00e7in sarf edilecekti.
\n200 bin ki\u015filik Bizans ordusu Malazgirt \u00f6nlerine geldi. \u0130mparator el\u00e7i g\u00f6nderdi. Alpaslan sert bir cevapla el\u00e7iyi geri g\u00f6nderdi. Alpaslan 54 bin ki\u015fiden ibaret bir ordu ve tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f onlarca se\u00e7kin kumandanlar\u0131yla Bizans ordusunu kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131. Aralar\u0131nda 5\u20136 kilometre mesafe vard\u0131. Alparslan Bizans \u0130mparatoruna bir el\u00e7i g\u00f6nderdi. O s\u0131rada Alparslan\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131nda Abbasi Halifesinin el\u00e7isi de vard\u0131.
\nT\u00fcrk el\u00e7ileri imparatora: \u201cOrdunla beraber geri d\u00f6n ve bu b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f olmas\u0131n, kan d\u00f6k\u00fclmesin; bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten arzu ediyorsan bunu Halife arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile yapar\u0131z. Aksi takdirde biz azimliyiz. \u0130\u015fi, samimiyetle ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fumuz Ulu Tanr\u0131\u2019ya b\u0131rak\u0131r\u0131z dediler.\u201d
\n\u0130mparator el\u00e7ileri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmseyerek ve \u015fu cevab\u0131 g\u00f6nderdi: Bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerini ancak Rey \u015fehrinde yapabiliriz. Ben, Rum \u00fclkesine yap\u0131lanlar\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00fclkesine yapmad\u0131k\u00e7a, \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00fclkelerine kendi \u00fclkem gibi h\u00e2kim olmad\u0131k\u00e7a, d\u00f6nmeyece\u011fim. Bu sefer i\u00e7in muazzam paralar sarf ettim, nas\u0131l d\u00f6nerim!\u201d
\n\u0130mparator el\u00e7ilerle alay ederek sordu:
\n-\u0130sfahan m\u0131 daha g\u00fczeldir yoksa Hemedan m\u0131?
\n– Hemedan\u2019\u0131n so\u011fuk oldu\u011funu haber ald\u0131k, biz \u0130sfahan da, hayvanlar\u0131m\u0131z da Hemedan\u2019 da k\u0131\u015flayacak.\u201d Sav Tekin bu anlaml\u0131 s\u00f6zlere daha fazla dayanamayarak \u015fu anlaml\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 verdi:
\n-Atlar\u0131n\u0131n Hemedan\u2019da k\u0131\u015flayacaklar\u0131 do\u011frudur, ama senin nerede k\u0131\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorum.\u201d
\nEl\u00e7iler geri d\u00f6ner. Alparslan olup bitenleri el\u00e7iden dinler. Kumandanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve imam olan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e2lim Buharal\u0131 Ebu Nasr Muhammed (\u0130mam Buhar\u00ee)i alarak y\u00fcksek bir tepenin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kar. B\u00fcy\u00fck Bizans ordusunu g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Buhari\u2019ye d\u00f6nerek fikrini sordu. \u0130mam Buhari \u015fu cevab\u0131 verdi:
\n\u201c-Sen Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fka dinlere \u00fcst\u00fcn tuttu\u011fu \u0130sl\u00e2m dini i\u00e7in sava\u015f\u0131yorsun. \u00dcmidim kuvvetlidir ki Tanr\u0131 senin i\u00e7in bir fetih takdir etmi\u015f olsun. Yar\u0131n cumad\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcbarek g\u00fcnde hatipler b\u00fct\u00fcn camilerde askere zafer duas\u0131 ederler. Bu saatler dualar\u0131n kabul edildi\u011fi saatlerdir. Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc sava\u015fa ba\u015flayal\u0131m.\u201d Kumandanlar da hem fikirdir. 25 A\u011fustos 1071 Cuma gecesi sabaha kadar orduda kimse uyumaz. Cuma namaz\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra o muhte\u015fem, o m\u00fcbarek ordusuna \u015f\u00f6yle hitap etti:
\n\u201cKumandanlar\u0131m, askerlerim, biz ne kadar az olursak olal\u0131m, onlar ne kadar \u00e7ok olurlarsa olsunlar, daha fazla bekleyemeyiz. B\u00fct\u00fcn M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n minberlerden bizim i\u00e7in dua ettiklerini \u015fu saatlerde, kendimi d\u00fc\u015fman \u00fcst\u00fcne atmak istiyorum. Ya muzaffer olur gayeme ula\u015f\u0131r\u0131m ya da \u015fehit olur cennete giderim. Beni takip etmek isteyenler arkamdan gelsinler. Gelmek istemeyenler gidebilirler\u2026 Ayr\u0131lanlar\u0131 ahirette ate\u015f, d\u00fcnyada ise \u015ferefsizlik beklemektedir.\u201d.
\nBundan sonra naralar ta d\u00fc\u015fman kararg\u00e2h\u0131nda yank\u0131land\u0131. Erler ve kumandanlar hep bir a\u011f\u0131zdan:
\n\u201cEy y\u00fcce Sultan, biz senin kullar\u0131n\u0131z. Her zaman senin emrinde ve seninle olaca\u011f\u0131z. Sen ne yaparsan onu yapaca\u011f\u0131z, nereye gidersen oraya gidece\u011fiz.\u201d
\nAlparslan, yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 heyecan, hareket ve jestleriyle daha da art\u0131rarak, yay ve okunu f\u0131rlat\u0131p eline k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcrz\u00fcn\u00fc ald\u0131. At\u0131n\u0131n kuyru\u011funu kendi eliyle ba\u011flad\u0131. H\u00fccum \u00f6ncesi \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:
\n\u201c\u0130\u015fte \u015fehitlik kefenim, Sava\u015f meydan\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcrsem, beni bu elbise ile g\u00f6mersiniz. Yerime o\u011flum Melik\u015fah ge\u00e7er. Ona itaat ediniz.\u201d
\nSava\u015f, Alparslan\u2019\u0131n ileri at\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131. D\u00fc\u015fman tuza\u011fa d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, \u00e7embere al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015f i\u015ften ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Tam bu s\u0131rada Uzlar, az sonra Pe\u00e7enekler, d\u00fc\u015fman diye sald\u0131racaklar\u0131 ordunun kendileri gibi O\u011fuz soyundan olduklar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131k ve k\u0131yafetlerinden anlam\u0131\u015f ve ayn\u0131 dili konu\u015ftuklar\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131nca T\u00fcrk ordusu saf\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Alparslan\u2019\u0131n ordusu daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015fti.
\nBizans ordusu parampar\u00e7a olmu\u015f ve binlerce Bizans askeri ve \u0130mparator Romen Diyojen esir al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130mparator zincirlenmi\u015f olarak Alparslan\u2019\u0131n huzuruna getirilir. Zinciri \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr. Sultan:
\n\u201c-Sava\u015ftan \u00f6nce dostluk kurmak i\u00e7in sana el\u00e7i g\u00f6nderdim. Sen dostluktan ka\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131n. Sana d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131m\u0131n verilmesi i\u00e7in Af\u015fin\u2019le de bir heyet g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftim. Fakat sen, \u00e7ok para sarf ederek ordu toplad\u0131n, buralara kadar geldin, arad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 yakalad\u0131m, \u00fclkelerime yap\u0131lanlar\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00fclkelerine yapmadan nas\u0131l d\u00f6nerim?\u2019 dedin. Serke\u015fli\u011fin sonunu nas\u0131l buluyorsun?
\n\u0130mparator:
\n-\u201cDo\u011frudur, senin \u00fclkelerini almak i\u00e7in t\u00fcrl\u00fc kavimlerden ordu toplad\u0131m, paralar sarf ettim. \u015eu anda memleketim ve kaderim senin elindedir. Azarlamay\u0131, parlamay\u0131 b\u0131rak, ne istiyorsan onu yap.\u201d Sultan:
\n\u201c-Zaferi sen kazansayd\u0131n bana ne yapard\u0131n? \u0130mparator:
\n\u201c-Sen, benim veya adamlar\u0131m\u0131n l\u00fctfuna terk edilmi\u015f olsayd\u0131n, ya ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kesmelerini veyahut bir dara\u011fac\u0131na asmalar\u0131n\u0131 emrederdim.\u201d Sultan, y\u00fcksek sesle:
\n\u201c-Sana ne yapaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131 san\u0131yorsun?\u201d \u0130mparator:
\n\u201c-\u00dc\u00e7 \u015f\u0131k var: Birincisi beni \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrs\u00fcn. \u0130kincisi, \u00fczerlerine y\u00fcr\u00fcmekten ve fethetmekten bahsetti\u011fim \u00fclkelerinde beni dola\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r, te\u015fhir edersin. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u015f\u0131kka gelince, yapamayaca\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7in s\u00f6ylenmesinde bir fayda yoktur. \u201dSultan:
\n\u201c-Sen yine de s\u00f6yle.\u201d \u0130mparator cevap verdi:
\n\u201c-Affedilmemdir. Sunaca\u011f\u0131m paralar\u0131 kabul etmen, beni dost edinmen, aram\u0131zda dostluk kurulmas\u0131, beni bir k\u00f6len, kumandanlar\u0131ndan biri ve Rum\u2019da bir naibin olarak memleketime iade etmendir. Beni \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrsen sana bir faydam olmaz. Bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 Bizans taht\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar.\u201d Sultan:
\n\u201cBen senin hakk\u0131nda aftan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedim. Kendini sat\u0131n al! \u0130mparator:
\n\u201c-Sultan ne istedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylesin.\u201d Alparslan imparatorun can bedelini s\u00f6yledi:
\n\u201c -10 000.000 dinar (alt\u0131n).\u201d \u0130mparator \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle ifade etti:
\n\u201cHayat\u0131m\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n takdirde Rum m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fc bile istemekte hakl\u0131s\u0131n. Ordular kurmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok paralar sarf ettim. Hazineleri bo\u015faltt\u0131m. Halk\u0131m\u0131 fakir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fcm.\u201d
\nSerbest kalma sonucu yap\u0131lan anla\u015fma \u015fu idi.
\n\u0130mparator alt\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda vergiye ba\u011fland\u0131. Bizans\u2019ta bulunan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lacak, \u0130mparator gerekti\u011finde sultana askeri yard\u0131mda bulunacak ve Malazgirt, Urfa, Antakya, Membi\u00e7 y\u00f6releri ve K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak\u2019\u0131n do\u011fusu T\u00fcrklere terk edilecek.
\nArt\u0131k Bizans ordusu yoktu. Anadolu\u2019nun kap\u0131lar\u0131 T\u00fcrkler i\u00e7in ard\u0131na kadar a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunuyordu. Zaten as\u0131l \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc bu olacakt\u0131.
\nMalazgirt zaferinden sonra Alparslan\u2019\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hreti, yaln\u0131z \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00e2leminde de\u011fil Japonya\u2019dan \u0130ngiliz adalar\u0131na kadar \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131taya yay\u0131ld\u0131. Adil sultan, fetih babas\u0131 lakaplar\u0131n\u0131 da verdiler.
\nNe diyor o koca sultan, \u201cKa\u00e7 kere s\u00f6yledim, biz bu \u00fclkeleri silah kuvvetiyle ald\u0131k, temiz M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131z ve bid\u2019at bilmeyiz. Bu sebeple, Allah, halis T\u00fcrkleri aziz k\u0131ld\u0131.\u201d
\nSakarya ve 30 A\u011fustos B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Zaferi
\nSakarya ve 30 A\u011fustos Ba\u015fkumandanl\u0131k Meydan Muharebesi T\u00fcrk Milletinin var olma ve yok olma m\u00fccadelesidir. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc sava\u015flar\u0131ndan sonra galip devletler Anadolu\u2019da i\u015fgal ettikleri yerleri bo\u015faltmaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca, Yunanl\u0131lar b\u00fct\u00fcn kuvvetlerini Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7irmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Kral Konstantin, Sevr Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 Yunan askeri g\u00fcc\u00fc ile uygulamak istiyordu.
\nMustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, ikinci \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc zaferi de kazan\u0131l\u0131nca Bat\u0131 cephesi Kumandan\u0131 \u0130smet Pa\u015fa\u2019ya \u00e7ekti\u011fi kutlama telgraf\u0131nda \u201cSiz orada yaln\u0131z d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 de\u011fil, milletin mak\u00fbs (tersi d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f) talihini de yendiniz.\u201d der.
\nSakarya Meydan muharebesi,13 Eyl\u00fcl 1683 g\u00fcn\u00fc Viyana\u2019da ba\u015flayan \u00e7ekilmeyi,238 sene sonra Sakarya\u2019da durdurmu\u015ftur. Bu sava\u015f ile Anadolu\u2019nun bir \u201ck\u00fcffar\u201d \u00fclkesi olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fc al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nMalazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131 da 26 A\u011fustos 1071 Cuma ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131, Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131 da 26 A\u011fustos Cuma\u2019y\u0131 Cumartesi\u2019ye ba\u011flayan gece idi.
\n30 A\u011fustos B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Zaferi ayn\u0131 zamanda b\u00fct\u00fcn bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerin de yenilgisi mahiyetinde idi. Bu T\u00fcrk zaferi sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan durum, tarihe yepyeni bir T\u00fcrk devletinin tamam\u0131yla milli ve dipdiri bir T\u00fcrk Devletinin do\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupal\u0131 emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin tam bir oyunu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve Sevr\u2019in zorla T\u00fcrklere kabul edilmesi i\u00e7in tertip edilen bu Anadolu seferi, onlar\u0131n oyunca\u011f\u0131 olan ve kendi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fclkesinin ula\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131 bir ser\u00fcven halinde ba\u015flay\u0131p sona eren Yunan maceras\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda tarihin bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131d\u0131r.
\nAvrupal\u0131 emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerin sonunu ilan eden bir T\u00fcrk zaferidir. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk zaferidir ki, Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerin demir pen\u00e7eleri alt\u0131nda inleyen esir \u00fclkelerin ayaklanmas\u0131 ve milli devletlerini kurmak i\u00e7in sava\u015fmalar\u0131 d\u00f6nemini de ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ahmet Hamdi Tanp\u0131nar\u2019\u0131n deyimi ile \u201cart\u0131k her zincir k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Anadolu m\u00fccadelesi, T\u00fcrk Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 an\u0131lacakt\u0131r.
\n30 A\u011fustos, etnik k\u00f6ken ve mezhebine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n kendisini \u201cBu vatan\u0131n evlad\u0131y\u0131m\u201d diye tan\u0131mlayanlardan olu\u015fan bir ulusun \u015fahlan\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn \u00f6nderli\u011finde k\u00fcllerinden yeniden do\u011fan T\u00fcrk Milleti\u2019nin destans\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Niyazi Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Gen\u00e7osmano\u011flu destans\u0131 \u015fiirinde:
\nAylardan A\u011fustos, g\u00fcnlerden Cuma,
\nG\u00fcn do\u011fmadan evvel iklim-i Ruma,
\nBozkurtlar ordusu ge\u00e7ti h\u00fccuma,
\nYeni bir \u015fevk ile g\u00fcrledi g\u00f6kler,
\nYa Allah\u2026 Bismillah\u2026 Allah\u00fc ekber.
\nBiz asil T\u00fcrk Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ruh yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, milli vicdan\u0131n\u0131, \u0131st\u0131rab\u0131n\u0131 bu \u015fiirlerle \u00f6\u011frendik. Ahmet Hamdi Tanp\u0131nar\u2019\u0131n \u015fu dizeleri g\u00fcn gibi haf\u0131zalar\u0131m\u0131zdad\u0131r.
\nBir avu\u00e7tan fazla insan de\u011fildi\/ Bize d\u00fcnya d\u00fc\u015fman oldu, yenildik
\nBilirlerdi \u015fan vermi\u015fti eski T\u00fcrk \/ Sand\u0131lar ki can vermi\u015ftir eski T\u00fcrk
\nTopumuzu, s\u00fcng\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc ald\u0131lar\/ \u00dclkemize Yunanl\u0131y\u0131 sald\u0131lar
\nMinareler duygular\u0131 var gibi\/ Bizi kurtar! Bizi kurtar ya Rabbi,
\nDeyip yanan \u015fehirlere kap\u0131\/ Bu y\u0131k\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn her \u015fey vatand\u0131.
\n26 A\u011fustos 1922\u2019de sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flayacak olan B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Taarruzunun haz\u0131rl\u0131k safhalar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gizlilik i\u00e7inde devam etmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk birlikleri sald\u0131r\u0131 hatt\u0131na do\u011fru y\u0131\u011f\u0131nak yaparken, g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri bir a\u011fa\u00e7 g\u00f6lgesine gizleniyor, y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015flerini hep gece yap\u0131yordu. Kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n hi\u00e7 haberi olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Alt\u0131 adet Yunan ke\u015fif u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131na ra\u011fmen hi\u00e7bir haber alamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.
\nO g\u00fcne kadar Ankara\u2019da \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrk istihbar\u0131nca da bilinen bir \u0130ngiliz gizli ajan te\u015fkilat\u0131 TBMM\u2019deki gizli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri bile iki g\u00fcn sonra \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015ftir.
\nT\u00fcrk sald\u0131r\u0131 harek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan 10 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin bir emri ile Anadolu\u2019nun b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya ile irtibat\u0131 kesilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6yle ki, sahillerden bir tek kay\u0131\u011f\u0131n hareketi bile yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Telefon, telgraf ve mektup gibi her t\u00fcrl\u00fc muhaberat arac\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ankara\u2019daki \u0130ngilizlerin \u201cKarajumbo\u201d casus te\u015fkilat\u0131 hi\u00e7bir haber alamam\u0131\u015flar ve Londra\u2019ya ula\u015ft\u0131ramam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130ngiliz ajanlar\u0131 atlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Londra ancak T\u00fcrklerin \u0130zmir\u2019e do\u011fru akmaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 zaman haber alabilmi\u015flerdir.
\nT\u00fcrk ordusunun 26 A\u011fustos sabah\u0131ndaki haz\u0131rl\u0131k ate\u015finden birka\u00e7 saat sonra, Piyade t\u00fcmenleri sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7erek d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n ilk hatlar\u0131n\u0131 yard\u0131lar. Daha, sabah\u0131n erken saatlerinden itibaren d\u00fc\u015fman b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.
\nErtesi g\u00fcn 27 A\u011fustos\u2019ta Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n uzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve b\u00fcy\u00fck emeklerle sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn istihk\u00e2mlar T\u00fcrk askerinin metin sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 sonucunda birer birer a\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu. Ger\u00e7ekten de mevziler iyi haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O mevzileri gezen bir \u0130ngiliz subay\u0131 \u201cT\u00fcrkler bu mevzileri alt\u0131 ayda a\u015fabilirlerse alt\u0131 saatte a\u015fm\u0131\u015f gibi \u00f6v\u00fcnebilirler.\u201d demi\u015fti.
\n30 A\u011fustos\u2019ta bizzat T\u00fcrk Ordular\u0131 Ba\u015fkomutan\u0131 Gazi Mare\u015fal Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netildi\u011fi i\u00e7in Ba\u015fkumandanl\u0131k Meydan Sava\u015f\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 alan \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar ve bo\u011faz bo\u011faza yap\u0131lan amans\u0131z bir sava\u015f sonucunda d\u00fc\u015fman ana kuvvetleri b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn yok edildiler.
\nArt\u0131k d\u00fc\u015fman ordusu yoktu. Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n, daha \u00f6nce s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi, \u201cd\u00fc\u015fman, vatan\u0131n harim-i ismetinde bo\u011fulmu\u015ftu. \u00c7atalk\u00f6y civar\u0131nda 100 bin \u00f6l\u00fc, 20 bin esir, \u00e7ok say\u0131da top, t\u00fcfek ve cephane b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d Geri kalanlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da esir edildiler. Sava\u015f alan\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki T\u00fcrk kasaba ve k\u00f6yleri ise b\u00fcy\u00fck bir katliama u\u011frayarak halk\u0131 vah\u015fice \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp evleri ya\u011fmaland\u0131ktan sonra ate\u015fe veriliyordu. Baz\u0131 yerle\u015fim birimlerinde sivil halk, kad\u0131nlar\u0131, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ve ihtiyarlar\u0131 ile beraber ah\u015fap k\u00f6y camilerine doldurularak gazya\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp ate\u015fe veriliyordu. Can havli ile yang\u0131ndan ka\u00e7anlar ise camilerin \u00f6n\u00fcne dizilen mitraly\u00f6zlerin ate\u015fi ile \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyorlard\u0131.
\n1 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de Ba\u015fkumandan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa T\u00fcrk ordular\u0131na \u015fu emri verdi:
\n\u201cT\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi Ordular\u0131na! Ordular, ilk hedefiniz Akdeniz\u2019dir, ileri!\u201d
\nK\u00f6yleri ve kasabalar\u0131 yakma emrini veren Yunan Ba\u015fkumandan\u0131 General Trikopis, General Diyenis ve kurmay subaylar\u0131 ile birlikte T\u00fcrk ordusuna teslim olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu esir Yunan Generallerini kar\u015f\u0131layan T\u00fcrk Ordusu Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 General As\u0131m G\u00fcnd\u00fcz\u2019\u00fcn onlara T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ilk hitab\u0131 bir tokat gibi suratlar\u0131nda \u015faklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:
\n\u201cSizleri medeni bir ordunun mensuplar\u0131 olarak m\u0131, yoksa bir e\u015fk\u0131ya s\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn temsilcileri olarak m\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layaca\u011f\u0131mdan m\u00fctereddidim?\u201d
\nDaha sonra kumandanlar Mare\u015fal Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n huzuruna getirilir. Mustafa Kemal:
\n\u201cBirka\u00e7 ay \u00f6nce ba\u015fkumandan\u0131n\u0131z Hac\u0131 Anesti cepheyi tefti\u015f edip d\u00f6nerken, gazetecilere verdi\u011fi beyanat\u0131nda, \u2018Mustafa Kemal mi? Ben bu isimde bir kumandan tan\u0131m\u0131yorum, cephede hi\u00e7bir yerde rastlamad\u0131m.\u2019 demi\u015fti. \u015eimdi ben bir haftad\u0131r muharebe meydan\u0131nday\u0131m, ama ba\u015fkumandan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 hi\u00e7bir yerde g\u00f6remedim, nerededir?\u201d
\nBundan sonra Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, General Trikopis\u2019in Hac\u0131 Anesti yerine ba\u015fkumandan tayin edildi\u011fini bildiren ama onun eline ge\u00e7meyen emri Yunan generaline verdi.
\nYine de onlar\u0131 T\u00fcrk asaletine s\u0131\u011facak \u015fekilde, kimsenin tacizine u\u011framadan Anadolu\u2019da isk\u00e2n ettik, \u00fclkelerine sa\u011f salim g\u00f6nderdik. Bunlar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu \u00fclkelerinde kur\u015funa dizildiler.
\nKurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sona erdiren bu b\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Zaferi \u00f6yle bir zafer ki, Viyana\u2019dan ba\u015flayan bozgun, Ankara \u00f6nlerine kadar gelmi\u015fti. T\u00fcrk bayra\u011f\u0131 eski \u015eehsuvarlar\u0131n kavuklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bir k\u0131z\u0131l g\u00fcl gibi zaferden zafere ko\u015ftuktan sonra \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na bir yas \u00e7evresi gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu. Fakat Anadolu bozk\u0131rlar\u0131ndaki bir avu\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck mazlumun direnmesi sonucunda yeniden do\u011fdu. Bir k\u0131z\u0131l yele gibi g\u00f6klere do\u011fru savrulmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ankara \u00f6nlerinde Sakarya\u2019da durdurulan ve geri at\u0131lan bu zaferimizde biz yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki Son T\u00fcrk Devletinin kalesini savunduk.
\n30 A\u011fustos Atat\u00fcrk komutas\u0131ndaki T\u00fcrk ordusunun \u201cYa \u0130stikl\u00e2l Ya \u00d6l\u00fcm\u201d parolas\u0131yla ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 harek\u00e2t\u0131n 94. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. B\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fehitlerimize Allah\u2019tan rahmet dilerim. Ruhlar\u0131 \u015f\u00e2d olsun!
\nA\u011fustos T\u00fcrklerin Zafer ay\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle 22 A\u011fustos\u2019ta T\u00fcrkmen karde\u015flerimize destek vermek ve oradaki insanlar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk ordusu \u201cF\u0131rat Kalkan\u0131\u201d operasyonu ile bir haftad\u0131r Suriye\u2019de ter\u00f6rist gruplarla m\u00fccadele etmektedir. T\u00fcrk ordusunun bu m\u00fccadelesine, Atilla Y\u0131lmaz\u2019\u0131n \u015fu m\u0131sralar\u0131 ile destek veriyoruz:
\nVur \u00e7elik kollar\u0131 kopana kadar\/ Olanca a\u015fk\u0131nla \u015fiddetinle vur
\nSon d\u00fc\u015fman son g\u00f6lge kalana kadar\/Olanca kininle \u015fiddetinle vur.
\nYararlan\u0131lan Kaynaklar:
\n1.T\u00fcrklerin Alt\u0131n Kitab\u0131\/ Refik \u00d6zdek Terc\u00fcman Gazetesi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131. Cilt: 2\/4, Sayf:.174\u2026185\/909\u2026913
\n2.Muhittin Nalbanto\u011flu\/Kocatepe\u2019de T\u00fcrk Ba\u015fkumandan\u0131n\u0131n Zafer Duas\u0131. Yeni\u00e7a\u011f Gaz. 30 A\u011fustos 2012
\n3.Kerrar Esat Atalay\/Atat\u00fcrk Diyor ki, Zaman T\u00fcneli\/ Sakarya Melhame-i K\u00fcbras\u0131-B\u00fcy\u00fck Kan G\u00f6l\u00fc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrk tarihinin zaferler ay\u0131 olarak bilinen A\u011fustos ay\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck 62 zafer kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tarihler kaydeder. Bunlardan 26 A\u011fustos 1071 Malazgirt, Moha\u00e7 Sava\u015f\u0131, Mercidab\u0131k Sava\u015f\u0131, 26 A\u011fustos Sakarya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve 30 A\u011fustos Ba\u015fkumandanl\u0131k Meydan Muharebesi T\u00fcrklerin tarihte kesin \u00e7izgilerle iz b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaferlerden birka\u00e7 tanesidir. 26 A\u011fustos 1071 Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131yla Anadolu\u2019nun kap\u0131lar\u0131 T\u00fcrklere birer birer a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Bizans […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kumbet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22769","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22769"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22769\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22782,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22769\/revisions\/22782"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}