{"id":25470,"date":"2017-07-11T09:00:01","date_gmt":"2017-07-11T05:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=25470"},"modified":"2017-07-11T14:16:42","modified_gmt":"2017-07-11T10:16:42","slug":"elml%c9%99-din-bir-yer%c9%99-g%c9%99l%c9%99-bil%c9%99rmi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=25470","title":{"rendered":"Elml\u0259 din bir yer\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259rmi?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/re.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/re-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-25479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/re-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/re.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0130ctimai r\u0259y\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cCo\u011frafiya\u201d d\u0259rslikl\u0259ri s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan medias\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnd\u0259min\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. D\u0259rsliyin b\u0259zi paraqraflar\u0131nda co\u011frafi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 Quran ay\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t edir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ctimai r\u0259y\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cCo\u011frafiya\u201d d\u0259rslikl\u0259ri s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan medias\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnd\u0259min\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. D\u0259rsliyin b\u0259zi paraqraflar\u0131nda co\u011frafi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 Quran ay\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t edir. G\u00fcnd\u0259mi ayaq \u00fcst\u0259 saxlayan t\u0259r\u0259f is\u0259 ateist, darvinist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259ni m\u0259nims\u0259mi\u015f, sosial \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259nin bir ne\u00e7\u0259 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcd\u00fcr. Onlarla \u0259laq\u0259dar olan media da bu bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsin fikirl\u0259ri vasit\u0259sil\u0259 ictimai r\u0259y yaratma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u0130st\u0259yir\u0259m ki, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259nin k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u0259 enib fundamental bir sual verim: elml\u0259 din bir yer\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259rmi?<\/p>\n<p>Sual\u0131n cavab\u0131n\u0131 praktiki y\u00f6nd\u0259n, tarixi gedi\u015fata n\u0259z\u0259r salaraq ara\u015fd\u0131raca\u011fam. Elm\u0259 \u00f6z m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc vuran simalar\u0131n dini kimliyi olub-olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na baxaq. Bir elm sah\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 b\u00fcn\u00f6vr\u0259 say\u0131lan ideyalar\u0131 ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u0259n, bu sah\u0259nin istinad m\u0259nb\u0259yi say\u0131lan \u0259s\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259llifin\u0259, ad\u0259t\u0259n, h\u0259min elmin \u201cbani\u201dsi v\u0259 ya \u201cata\u201ds\u0131 deyilir. \u00c7ox maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, ara\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zaman g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, ist\u0259nil\u0259n elm sah\u0259sinin v\u0259 ist\u0259nil\u0259n elm sah\u0259sinin ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 budaqlar\u0131n\u0131n banil\u0259ri Allaha d\u0259rind\u0259n inanan dindar \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rdir. Bir \u00e7ox bu c\u00fcr alimin bioqrafiyas\u0131n\u0131 oxuyan \u015f\u0259xs el\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k ki, \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc Allah\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, t\u0259kliyinin t\u0259bli\u011fin\u0259 h\u0259sr etmi\u015f bir \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tin h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 oxuyur. Onlardan bir ne\u00e7\u0259sini t\u0259qdim ed\u0259c\u0259y\u0259m:<\/p>\n<p>1\u2013 Nyutonu m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 ke\u00e7diyimiz fizika kursundan yax\u015f\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131r\u0131q. Onun almalarla olan hekay\u0259sini d\u0259 bilirik. \u0130saak Nyuton klassik fizikan\u0131n v\u0259 riyazi analizin atas\u0131 q\u0259bul edilir. Alimin ilk i\u015fl\u0259ri optikaya aid idi: i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n yay\u0131lma, \u0259ksolunma v\u0259 s\u0259p\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259tini k\u0259\u015ff etmi\u015f, g\u00fczg\u00fcl\u00fc teleskop d\u00fcz\u0259ltmi\u015f, bu g\u00fcn \u201cNyuton halqalar\u0131\u201d adlanan fenomeni m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 etmi\u015f, i\u015f\u0131q dal\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n uzunlu\u011funu hesablam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Onun \u201cBa\u015flan\u011f\u0131clar\u201d adl\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259s\u0259ri (1713) \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n qabaqk\u0131 elmi m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015f, ilk d\u0259f\u0259 Yer v\u0259 g\u00f6y mexanikas\u0131n\u0131n vahid sistemini yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. El\u0259 bununla da, klassik fizikan\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131 qoyulmu\u015fdur. Nyutonun 3 qanunu biz\u0259 tan\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu qanunlar m\u0259rk\u0259zi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259siri il\u0259 cisiml\u0259rin h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tini t\u0259dqiq edir. \u00dcmumd\u00fcnya cazib\u0259 qanunu Nyutonun ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Onun nailiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini daha da \u00e7ox sadalamaq olar. Lakin bunlar bel\u0259 Nyutonun, s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u0259sl m\u0259nas\u0131nda, d\u00fcha oldu\u011funu dem\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kifay\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n<p>B\u0259s onun din\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti nec\u0259 idi? El\u0259 az \u00f6nc\u0259 b\u0259hs etdiyimiz, klassik fizikan\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131 olan \u201cBa\u015flan\u011f\u0131clar\u201d\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0259slind\u0259 Nyuton bu s\u00f6zl\u0259ri yaz\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cG\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin, planetl\u0259r v\u0259 kometl\u0259rin bu \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l sistemi ancaq a\u011f\u0131ll\u0131 bir Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fi v\u0259 h\u00f6kmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan do\u011fa bil\u0259rdi&#8230; Bu Varl\u0131q h\u0259r \u015fey\u0259 hakimdir, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ruhu kimi yox, h\u0259r \u015feyin R\u0259bbi kimi; el\u0259 bu hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259dir ki, ona \u201cH\u0259r \u015fey\u0259 qadir R\u0259bb\u201d, yaxud \u201cKainat\u0131n H\u00f6kmran\u0131\u201d deyirik. &#8230;Hakim Allah \u0259b\u0259di, \u0259z\u0259li, tamamil\u0259 m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l olan Varl\u0131qd\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>2\u2013 Qaliley haqq\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015f\u0131landa b\u0259zil\u0259ri bunu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr: Qaliley alim olub, Kils\u0259 Qalileyi t\u0259qibl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qoyub, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 din elm\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Sad\u0259l\u00f6hv v\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n savads\u0131z insan\u0131 asanl\u0131qla inand\u0131rmaq olar. Sa\u011flam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259li insan is\u0259 buradak\u0131 m\u0259ntiqi pozuntunu d\u0259rhal hiss ed\u0259r. Ancaq g\u0259lin biz Qalileyin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn n\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u0259 baxaq. Qaliley \u201cB\u00f6y\u00fck Hersoqinya Kristinaya m\u0259ktub\u201dunda bel\u0259 yaz\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAllah M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Kitabdak\u0131 ifad\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, t\u0259bi\u0259tin gedi\u015fat\u0131nda da \u00e7ox g\u00f6z\u0259l a\u015fkar olunur&#8230; Biz\u0259 a\u011f\u0131l, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 v\u0259 d\u0259rrak\u0259 b\u0259x\u015f ed\u0259n Allah\u0131n bizi bunlar\u0131n istifad\u0259sind\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kindirdiyin\u0259 inana bilm\u0259r\u0259m\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Qaliley Allaha s\u0259mimi inanan dindar \u015f\u0259xs idi. Qaliley elml\u0259 din aras\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir uy\u011funsuzluq g\u00f6rm\u00fcrd\u00fc. Uy\u011funsuzluq Kils\u0259 doktrinalar\u0131nda idi.<\/p>\n<p>Qalileo Qaliley m\u00fcasir fizikan\u0131n banisi hesab olunur. Qalileyin i\u015fl\u0259ri bu g\u00fcn elm d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndak\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u201celmi inqilab\u201ddan biri kimi q\u0259bul edilir. 1609-cu ild\u0259 Qaliley \u00fc\u00e7qat, daha sonra 32 qat b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u0259n teleskop qurmu\u015fdur. Bunun vasit\u0259sil\u0259 Yupiterin d\u00f6rd peykini, Ay s\u0259thind\u0259ki da\u011flar\u0131, G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin f\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ondak\u0131 l\u0259k\u0259l\u0259ri, Veneran\u0131n s\u0259fh\u0259l\u0259rini k\u0259\u015ff etmi\u015fdir. Qalileyin h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 elml\u0259 dinin v\u0259hd\u0259tin\u0259 \u0259yani, praktiki n\u00fcmun\u0259dir.<\/p>\n<p>3\u2013 Maykl Faradey klassik sah\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin, elektronika, elektromaqnit n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si v\u0259 elektrokimyan\u0131n banisidir. D\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn daha bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259n beyni \u2013 bu d\u0259f\u0259 XIX \u0259srd\u0259n. Faradey c\u0259r\u0259yanl\u0131 naqil \u0259traf\u0131nda maqnitin v\u0259 maqnit \u0259traf\u0131nda c\u0259r\u0259yanl\u0131 naqilin f\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. Sonrak\u0131 t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131 elektromaqnit induksiyas\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259\u015ffi il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdir. Faradey bu g\u00fcn kimyan\u0131n diqq\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 olan elektroliz hadis\u0259sini \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015f v\u0259 onun qanunlar\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fdir. Fizikaya q\u00fcvv\u0259 x\u0259tl\u0259ri anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 daxil etmi\u015f, maqnit sah\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n polyarla\u015fma m\u00fcst\u0259visinin d\u00f6nm\u0259sini g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. Bu g\u00fcn bir \u00e7ox fiziki hadis\u0259, qanun v\u0259 vahidl\u0259r Faradeyin ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r \u2013 elektrik tutumunun vahidi farad, Faradey effekti, Faradey \u0259d\u0259di v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n<p>Verdiyi t\u00f6hf\u0259l\u0259ri ixtisarlarla qeyd etdiyimiz bu insan\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131nda elmin yeri \u00e7ox ayd\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. B\u0259s Faradeyin h\u0259yat\u0131nda din nec\u0259 rol oynay\u0131b? Cavab budur: din Faradeyin h\u0259yat\u0131nda m\u0259rk\u0259zi rol oynay\u0131b. Maykl Faradey b\u00fct\u00fcn q\u0259lbiyl\u0259 Allaha iman ed\u0259n dindar idi. Faradey elm\u0259 verdiyi xidm\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 c\u0259ngav\u0259rliyin\u0259 layiq g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. Lakin var-d\u00f6vl\u0259t y\u0131\u011fma\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 d\u00fcny\u0259vi nem\u0259tl\u0259rin ard\u0131nca qa\u00e7ma\u011f\u0131n M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Kitaba zidd oldu\u011funu bil\u0259r\u0259k bunu r\u0259dd etmi\u015fdi. O, \u201cax\u0131racan sad\u0259 c\u0259nab Faradey\u201d kimi qalma\u011f\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcn tutdu\u011funu deyirdi. O, London Kral C\u0259miyy\u0259tin\u0259 iki d\u0259f\u0259 prezidentlik t\u0259klifini d\u0259 r\u0259dd etdi.<\/p>\n<p>Din v\u0259 elmin ayr\u0131lmaz oldu\u011funu Faradey 1854-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u201cZehni t\u0259lim\u201d \u00fczr\u0259 verdiyi m\u00fchazir\u0259d\u0259 \u0130ncild\u0259n sitat g\u0259tir\u0259r\u0259k t\u0259svir edir:<\/p>\n<p>\u201cM\u0259n inan\u0131ram ki: \u201cD\u00fcnyan\u0131n yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan b\u0259ri Allah\u0131n g\u00f6z\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259n x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri, y\u0259ni \u0259b\u0259di q\u00fcdr\u0259ti v\u0259 ilahiliyi Onun yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r\u201d\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ndi sual yaran\u0131r: \u015fagirdl\u0259r\u0259 Nyutonun \u201cBa\u015flan\u011f\u0131clar\u201d \u0259s\u0259rini oxuma\u011fa icaz\u0259 varm\u0131? \u015eagirdl\u0259r Qalileyin h\u0259yat yolunu \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 n\u00fcmun\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259rmi? \u015eagirdl\u0259r Faradeyin m\u00fchazir\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259rmi?<\/p>\n<p>Suallar\u0131n cavab\u0131 \u00e7ox a\u00e7\u0131qd\u0131r: \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259! \u00c7\u00fcnki din il\u0259 elmin aras\u0131nda he\u00e7 vaxt uy\u011funsuzluq olmay\u0131b. El\u0259 is\u0259 ateist, darvinistl\u0259r aras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n v\u0259lv\u0259l\u0259nin, \u00e7axna\u015fman\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bini elmi yox, ideoloji aspektl\u0259rd\u0259 axtarmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Raf\u0259t \u018flizad\u0259<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130ctimai r\u0259y\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cCo\u011frafiya\u201d d\u0259rslikl\u0259ri s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan medias\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnd\u0259min\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. D\u0259rsliyin b\u0259zi paraqraflar\u0131nda co\u011frafi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 Quran ay\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t edir. \u0130ctimai r\u0259y\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cCo\u011frafiya\u201d d\u0259rslikl\u0259ri s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan medias\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnd\u0259min\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. D\u0259rsliyin b\u0259zi paraqraflar\u0131nda co\u011frafi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 Quran ay\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t edir. G\u00fcnd\u0259mi ayaq \u00fcst\u0259 saxlayan t\u0259r\u0259f is\u0259 ateist, darvinist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259ni m\u0259nims\u0259mi\u015f, sosial \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259nin bir ne\u00e7\u0259 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcd\u00fcr. Onlarla [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pub"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25470","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25470"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25470\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25482,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25470\/revisions\/25482"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}