{"id":25943,"date":"2017-11-08T02:00:27","date_gmt":"2017-11-07T22:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=25943"},"modified":"2017-11-08T08:39:32","modified_gmt":"2017-11-08T04:39:32","slug":"gurol-delice-dede-korkut-hikayelerinde-degerler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=25943","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcrol DEL\u0130CE.”DEDE KORKUT H\u0130K\u00c2YELER\u0130NDE DE\u011eERLER”"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

11. as\u0131rda Do\u011fu Anadolu yaylar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan O\u011fuz boylar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en olaylar\u0131 destan tipinde anlatan Dede Korkut Hik\u00e2yelerinde, o g\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrk toplumunun de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131, inan\u00e7lar\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zellikleri ile ilgili pek \u00e7ok veriye rastlar\u0131z. Bu de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelmi\u015f, T\u00fcrk toplumuna y\u00f6n vermeye devam etmi\u015ftir. Millet olman\u0131n ne anlama geldi\u011finin tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bu hik\u00e2yelerin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan incelenmesi gerekir. Bu saiklerle hik\u00e2yelerde yer alan de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 Dirse Han O\u011flu Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han hik\u00e2yesinden ba\u015flayarak inceleyece\u011fiz.
\nKILICIMDAN MI G\u00d6RD\u00dc, SOFRAMDAN MI G\u00d6RD\u00dc?
\nDirse Han o\u011flu Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han hik\u00e2yesinde, \u00e7ocu\u011fu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kara ota\u011fa oturtulan Dirse Han, Bay\u0131nd\u0131r Han\u2019\u0131n n\u00f6kerlerine \u015f\u00f6yle der:
\n-Bay\u0131nd\u0131r Han, benim ne eksikli\u011fimi g\u00f6rd\u00fc? K\u0131l\u0131c\u0131mdan m\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc, soframdan m\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc ki beni kara ota\u011fa kondurdu.
\nB\u00f6yle bir muameleye maruz kalmak hakl\u0131 olarak Dirse Han\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ok zoruna gider. Yi\u011fitlikte ve c\u00f6mertlikte bir noksanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoktur ama Allah ona bir o\u011ful vermemi\u015ftir. Bunun ezikli\u011fini her zaman ya\u015far.
\nBu s\u00f6zden de anl\u0131yoruz ki O\u011fuz\u2019da iki temel de\u011fer vard\u0131r ki, o da c\u00f6mertlik ve yi\u011fitliktir. Sofra, c\u00f6mertli\u011fi; k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ise yi\u011fitli\u011fi ifade eder. Buna g\u00f6re sofran, kap\u0131n, g\u00f6nl\u00fcn insanlara a\u00e7\u0131k, k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131n ise keskin olacakt\u0131r.
\nDirse Han, \u00e7ocu\u011funun olmamas\u0131n\u0131n sebebini han\u0131m\u0131ndan sorar. Han\u0131m\u0131 ise \u015f\u00f6yle cevap verir:
\nHay Dirse Han, bana h\u0131\u015fmetme
\n\u0130ncinip ac\u0131 s\u00f6z s\u00f6yleme,
\nAla \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 yery\u00fcz\u00fcne diktir,
\nAttan ayg\u0131r, deveden bu\u011fra, koyundan ko\u00e7 k\u0131rd\u0131r.
\nA\u00e7 g\u00f6rsen doyur,
\nYal\u0131ncak g\u00f6rsen donat,
\nBor\u00e7luyu borcundan kurtar,
\nUlu toy eyle, hacet dile.
\nOla ki bir a\u011fz\u0131 dual\u0131n\u0131n berek\u00e2t\u0131yla Tanr\u0131 bize bir erdemli \u00e7ocuk verir.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00f6zler ki Bakara Suresinin 177. ayet-i kerimesinin tekrar\u0131 gibidir. Yak\u0131nlara, yoksullara, yolda kalm\u0131\u015flara, bor\u00e7lulara yard\u0131m iyili\u011fin olmazsa olmaz\u0131d\u0131r.
\nHan\u0131m\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc dinleyen Dirse Han\u2019a Y\u00fcce Allah bir erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fu nasip eder. Dirse Han\u2019\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011fu \u00e7abucak b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Ad konmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir kahramanl\u0131k g\u00f6stermesi laz\u0131md\u0131r. Dirse Han\u2019\u0131n zabtedilmez bo\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 alt eder. Dede Korkut da ona Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han ad\u0131n\u0131 verir. Dirse han o\u011flu Bo\u011fa\u00e7\u2019a beylik ve taht verir. Bu durumu babas\u0131n\u0131n yi\u011fitleri \u00e7ekemez. Dirse Han\u2019a giderler ve onu babas\u0131na \u015fik\u00e2yet ederler. Derler ki:
\nSenin o\u011flun, O\u011fuz\u2019un \u00fcst\u00fcne y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. Nerede g\u00fczel g\u00f6rse \u00e7ekip ald\u0131, aksakal\u0131 kocalar\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131na s\u00f6vd\u00fc. Ak p\u00fcr\u00e7ekli kad\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc sordu. Namusa tasallut, ihtiyarlara hakaret, O\u011fuz\u2019a isyan affedilmeyecek hatalardand\u0131r hatta ihanettir. Cezas\u0131 da \u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Dirse han bu s\u00f6zleri duyunca yi\u011fitlerine emir verir:
\n-Var\u0131n getirin onu \u00f6ld\u00fcreyim, b\u00f6yle evlat bana gerekmez, der.
\nDirse Han\u2019\u0131n n\u00f6kerleri bir hile ile babas\u0131na o\u011flunu vurdururlar. Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han\u2019\u0131n anas\u0131 o\u011flunun ilk av\u0131d\u0131r diye onu kar\u015f\u0131lamaya gider. O\u011flunu g\u00f6remeyince Dirse Han\u2019dan o\u011flunu sual eder ama bir cevap alamaz. Ana y\u00fcre\u011fi dayanamaz yan\u0131na k\u0131rk ince k\u0131z\u0131 alarak o\u011flunu aramaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bir derenin yan\u0131na gelince karga kuzgunun inip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr. At\u0131n\u0131 o yana s\u00fcrer. O\u011flunu yaral\u0131 bulur. Bu durumun sebebini \u015f\u00f6yle sorar:
\nNe bileyim o\u011ful bu kazalar nereden geldi?
\nKara ba\u015f\u0131m kurban olsun sana!
\nA\u011f\u0131z dilden birka\u00e7 kelime haber bana!<\/p>\n

Anas\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fini anlayan Bo\u011fa\u00e7 han, olanlar\u0131 anlat\u0131r. Yaras\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Bozatl\u0131 H\u0131z\u0131r\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131na geldi\u011fini, da\u011f \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ile ana s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn yaras\u0131na merhem olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fini anas\u0131na anlat\u0131r. Da\u011f \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fini anas\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131rk k\u0131z\u0131 toplay\u0131p getirir. Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han\u2019\u0131n anas\u0131n\u0131 memesini s\u0131kar, s\u00fct gelmez, ikinci sefer s\u0131kar yine s\u00fct gelmez, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc seferde kanla kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k s\u00fct gelir. Anas\u0131 merhemi yapar ve o\u011flunun yaralar\u0131na s\u00fcrer. Yaralar tez zamanda iyi olur.
\nBuraya kadar anlat\u0131lan olaylardan anan\u0131n evin dire\u011fi oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131r\u0131z. Dirse Han kendisine getirilen haberlere ara\u015ft\u0131rmadan inan\u0131r. Ana y\u00fcre\u011fi o\u011flunu hi\u00e7 terk etmez. Nas\u0131l \u00e7ocu\u011fu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Dirse Han\u2019a yol g\u00f6stermi\u015fse, o\u011flunu da arar, bulur. Kendi s\u00fct\u00fc ile o\u011flunu tedavi eder.
\nDurumu haber alan Dirse Han\u2019\u0131n askerleri Dirse Han\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131p bir g\u00fczel d\u00f6verler, boynuna sicim tak\u0131p \u201ck\u00e2fir\u201d ellerine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrler.
\nBunu duyan Dirse Han\u2019\u0131n hatunu, o\u011flunun yan\u0131na var\u0131p \u015f\u00f6yle seslenir:
\nHan\u0131m o\u011ful, do\u011frulup yerinden kalksana,
\nK\u0131rk yi\u011fidi yan\u0131na alsana
\nO k\u0131rk namertten kurtarsana
\nY\u00fcr\u00fc o\u011ful, baban sana k\u0131yd\u0131ysa sen babana k\u0131yma.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00f6zlerden evin hatununun ne kadar olgun, ailesine ve e\u015fine ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Anne evin dire\u011fidir. Dirse Han\u2019\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kin tutmaz, intikam pe\u015finde ko\u015fmaz, e\u015fini affetmesini bilir.
\nBo\u011fa\u00e7 Han anas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rmaz. K\u0131rk yi\u011fidi yan\u0131na al\u0131r, babas\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmaya gider. Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han\u2019\u0131n geldi\u011fini g\u00f6ren k\u0131rk namert, \u201cGelin \u015funu da yakalayal\u0131m, babas\u0131yla beraber k\u00e2firlere teslim edelim.\u201d derler. Dirse Han gelenin o\u011flunun oldu\u011funu bilmeden, namertlere \u201ckolca kopuzumu verin, o yi\u011fidi yolundan d\u00f6nd\u00fcreyim. Beni ister \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcn, isterseniz sa\u011f b\u0131rak\u0131n.\u201d der.
\nKopuzuyla uzun bir sesleni\u015ften sonra o\u011fluna \u015f\u00f6yle der:
\nBenim i\u00e7in geldinse ey yi\u011fit, o\u011flanc\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm,
\nSana ac\u0131mam yok, d\u00f6nsene geri.<\/p>\n

Bo\u011fa\u00e7 han babas\u0131na \u015f\u00f6yle seslenir:
\nBenim de i\u00e7inde akl\u0131 \u015fa\u015fm\u0131\u015f,
\nBili\u011fi yitmi\u015f, koca babam var, koma\u011f\u0131m yok k\u0131rk namerde.<\/p>\n

Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han, k\u0131rk yi\u011fidiyle beraber, k\u0131rk namerde sald\u0131r\u0131r ve babas\u0131n\u0131 kurtar\u0131r.
\nDirse Han o\u011flunun sa\u011f oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenir. Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han\u2019\u0131n yi\u011fitli\u011fi, kahramanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 O\u011fuz\u2019da duymayan kalmaz. Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han\u2019\u0131n yi\u011fitli\u011fi Hanlar han\u0131 Bay\u0131nd\u0131r Han\u2019\u0131n kula\u011f\u0131na kadar gider. Bay\u0131nd\u0131r Han, bu hik\u00e2yeyi duyunca Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han\u2019a beylik ve taht verir.
\nDi\u011fer hik\u00e2yelerde oldu\u011fu gibi bu hik\u00e2yede de O\u011fuz\u2019un bilgesi Dede Korkut gelir g\u00fczel bir dua ile hik\u00e2yeyi bitirir.<\/p>\n

H\u0130K\u00c2YEDEK\u0130 \u0130NAN\u00c7 UNSURLARI:
\nBu hik\u00e2yede \u00e7ok sa\u011flam bir Allah inanc\u0131n\u0131n var oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Zor durumlarda hi\u00e7 arac\u0131s\u0131z s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131lacak tek merci, birli\u011finde asla \u015f\u00fcphe olmayan Allah\u2019t\u0131r. Dirse Han \u00e7ocu\u011fu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in han\u0131m\u0131na k\u0131z\u0131nca han\u0131m\u0131 ona \u015f\u00f6yle der:
\n\u201cUlu toy eyle, Allah\u2019tan hacet dile, ola ki bir a\u011fz\u0131 dual\u0131n\u0131n berek\u00e2t\u0131yla Tanr\u0131 bize bir erdemli \u00e7ocuk verir.\u201d
\nDi\u011fer halk hik\u00e2yelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi bu hik\u00e2yede de her \u015feyin bir bedeli vard\u0131r. Allah bir \u00e7ocuk verir ama anne babay\u0131 da imtihan etmekten geri durmaz. Bo\u011fa\u00e7 Han\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na olmad\u0131k i\u015fler gelir. Dirse Han az kals\u0131n evlat katili olacakt\u0131r. Neyse ki anan\u0131n fedak\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sadakati o\u011flan\u0131n yi\u011fitli\u011fi sayesinde bu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmez. Bu imtihanda ana ve evlat kazan\u0131r baba kaybeder. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Dirse Han, tez k\u0131zar, i\u015fin asl\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaz. Bey kalmak h\u0131rs\u0131 onu \u00e7ileden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Ana kazan\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc metanetli, fedak\u00e2r ve sad\u0131k hepsinden \u00f6tesi sa\u011flam inan\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r.
\nHik\u00e2yede ahiret g\u00fcn\u00fcne, \u015feksiz \u015f\u00fcphesiz tam bir inan\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Her f\u0131rsatta d\u00fcnyan\u0131n fanili\u011fi vurgulan\u0131r, ahiret cennet hat\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131r… Dedem Korkut Hik\u00e2yenin sonunda \u015f\u00f6yle der:
\nOnlar da bu d\u00fcnyaya geldi ge\u00e7ti
\nKervan gibi kondu g\u00f6\u00e7t\u00fc
\nOnlar\u0131 da ecel ald\u0131 yer gizledi
\nFani d\u00fcnya kime kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Fani olan bu d\u00fcnyada, istenilecekse Allah\u2019tan dostluk, sa\u011fl\u0131k s\u0131hhat, g\u00fczel bir ge\u00e7imlik, yi\u011fitlik ve d\u00fcnya ve ahiret saadeti istenmesi gerekir. Dede Korkut bu durumu \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle anlat\u0131r:
\n\u201cTanr\u0131 sana sa\u011fl\u0131k versin, Y\u00fcce Tanr\u0131 dost olup yard\u0131m etsin, kara da\u011flar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131n, kaba a\u011fac\u0131n kesilmesin, g\u00f6rkl\u00fc suyun kurumas\u0131n, boz at\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00e7mesin, \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kara polat \u00f6z k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131n kesilmesin, d\u00fcrtt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n. Ak sakall\u0131 babalar\u0131n ve ak p\u00fcr\u00e7ekli analar\u0131n yeri u\u00e7mak yani cennet olsun.\u201d
\nBu s\u00f6zlerle ebedi mek\u00e2n\u0131n cennet olmas\u0131 arzu edilir. Kadir Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kimseyi namerde muhta\u00e7 etmemesi, Allah\u2019\u0131n yand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7era\u011f\u0131n yani iyili\u011fin, g\u00fczelli\u011fin, baht a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n devam etmesi arzulan\u0131r.
\nM\u00fcsl\u00fcman O\u011fuz boylar\u0131, \u0130slam inanc\u0131, peygamber sevgisi g\u00fczel ahlak ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyle bir millet olurlar. Kendi aralar\u0131nda s\u00fcrt\u00fc\u015fmeler olur ama hepsi bir \u015fekilde halledilir. Di\u011fer bir millet de k\u00e2firlerdir. Kavim ismi s\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmez. K\u00e2firler, \u201cazg\u0131n dinli\u201d olarak belirtilen Hristiyan kavimleridir ki Fatiha Suresi\u2019nde onlar \u201caz\u0131p sapm\u0131\u015flar\u201d olarak nitelendirilir.
\nT\u00fcrk\u00e7emiz b\u00fct\u00fcn O\u011fuz boylar\u0131n\u0131n ortak anla\u015fma arac\u0131d\u0131r ve hik\u00e2yelerde hem nesir hem de naz\u0131m olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ceddimiz O\u011fuz boylar\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ile anla\u015f\u0131rlar, \u0130slam inanc\u0131yla kayna\u015f\u0131rlar ve bir millet olarak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ya\u015farlar. Art\u0131k O\u011fuz boylar\u0131n\u0131n ismi sadece k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015far. Kim hangi O\u011fuz boyundand\u0131r bilinmez ama T\u00fcrk milleti bu topraklarda k\u0131yamete kadar ya\u015fayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

11. as\u0131rda Do\u011fu Anadolu yaylar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan O\u011fuz boylar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en olaylar\u0131 destan tipinde anlatan Dede Korkut Hik\u00e2yelerinde, o g\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrk toplumunun de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131, inan\u00e7lar\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zellikleri ile ilgili pek \u00e7ok veriye rastlar\u0131z. Bu de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelmi\u015f, T\u00fcrk toplumuna y\u00f6n vermeye devam etmi\u015ftir. Millet olman\u0131n ne anlama geldi\u011finin tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bu hik\u00e2yelerin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25943","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kumbet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25943","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25943"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25943\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25953,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25943\/revisions\/25953"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25943"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25943"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25943"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}