{"id":29394,"date":"2018-12-15T08:00:55","date_gmt":"2018-12-15T04:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=29394"},"modified":"2018-12-15T15:38:23","modified_gmt":"2018-12-15T11:38:23","slug":"az%c9%99rbaycan-respublikasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=29394","title":{"rendered":"Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 ya r\u0259smi ad\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 \u2014 C\u0259nubi Qafqazda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259t. Az\u0259rbaycan X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi h\u00f6vz\u0259sinin q\u0259rbind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir. \u015eimaldan Rusiya (Da\u011f\u0131stan)[6], \u015fimal-q\u0259rbd\u0259n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan, q\u0259rbd\u0259n Erm\u0259nistan, c\u0259nub-q\u0259rbd\u0259n T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 v\u0259 c\u0259nubdan \u0130ran il\u0259 h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259ddir.[7] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n anklav\u0131 olan Nax\u00e7\u0131van Muxtar Respublikas\u0131 Erm\u0259nistanla \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rqd\u0259, \u0130ranla q\u0259rbd\u0259 v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 \u015fimal-q\u0259rbd\u0259n h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259ddir. Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisinin bir hiss\u0259si (Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f b\u00f6lg\u0259si v\u0259 ona biti\u015fik 7 inzibati rayon) Erm\u0259nistan Respublikas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal edilib, bu da \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259razisinin 20%-ni t\u0259\u015fkil edir.[8] D\u00f6vl\u0259t s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259ri c\u0259nubdan \u0130ranla 765 km, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 15 km, \u015fimaldan Rusiya il\u0259 391 km, \u015fimal-q\u0259rbd\u0259n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan il\u0259 471 km, q\u0259rbd\u0259n Erm\u0259nistan il\u0259 1007 km h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259ddir.[9][10][11][12] Onun 825 km-i su s\u0259rh\u0259ddidir. Sahil x\u0259ttinin uzunlu\u011fu 713 km-dir.[11] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi sektorunda h\u0259mcinin T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistan, Qazax\u0131stan, \u0130ran v\u0259 Rusiya s\u0259rh\u0259d\u0259 malikdir.<\/p>\n

Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lum olan 2000-d\u0259n art\u0131q pal\u00e7\u0131q vulkanlar\u0131ndan 344-\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015f\u0259rqind\u0259 v\u0259 onunla h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259d X\u0259z\u0259r h\u00f6vz\u0259sind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir. \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 9 milli park, 11 d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259bi\u0259t qoru\u011fu v\u0259 24 d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259bi\u0259t yasaql\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck be\u015f adas\u0131 \u2014 K\u00fcr Dili, Pirallah\u0131, \u00c7ilov, X\u0259r\u0259 Zir\u0259 v\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Zir\u0259 adalar\u0131d\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259halisi 9,6 milyon n\u0259f\u0259rdir v\u0259 bu g\u00f6st\u0259riciy\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnyada 92-ci yerd\u0259dir. Paytaxt\u0131 Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ridir. Az\u0259rbaycan paytaxt Bak\u0131dan k\u0259narda, \u00f6lk\u0259 65 inzibati vahid\u0259 (o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n 59 rayon v\u0259 6 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r) v\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van Muxtar Respublikas\u0131na (6 rayon v\u0259 paytaxt Nax\u00e7\u0131van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t olan) b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u00dcst Paleolit d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131 t\u0259qrib\u0259n 5 min illik d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik tarixin\u0259 malikdir. Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 ilk d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131 v\u0259 ya etnik-siyasi birlikl\u0259r h\u0259l\u0259 eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l IV minilliyin sonu – III minilliyin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq Urmiya h\u00f6vz\u0259sind\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l I minillikd\u0259 – bizim eran\u0131n I minilliyinin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131nda Manna, Skif pad\u015fahl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Atropatena v\u0259 Albaniya kimi q\u00fcvv\u0259tli d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r m\u00f6vcud olmu\u015fdur. III \u0259srd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 Sasanil\u0259r \u0130mperiyas\u0131, VII \u0259srd\u0259 is\u0259 \u018fr\u0259b xilaf\u0259ti i\u015f\u011fal etdi. VII \u0259srd\u0259 islam dininin q\u0259bul olunmas\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n tarixi m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259rat\u0131nda \u0259sasl\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yarand\u0131. IX \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131nda Sacil\u0259r, \u015eirvan\u015fahlar, Salaril\u0259r, R\u0259vvadil\u0259r, \u015e\u0259ddadil\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri yarand\u0131. XIX \u0259srd\u0259 G\u00fcl\u00fcstan (1813) v\u0259 T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay (1828) m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan iki imperiya aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc: \u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycan Rusiyaya, C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan is\u0259 qacarlar\u0131n idar\u0259 etdiyi \u0130ran \u015fahl\u0131\u011f\u0131na qat\u0131ld\u0131. 1918-ci il may\u0131n 28-d\u0259 \u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycanda \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 ilk demokratik respublika \u2014 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti yarad\u0131ld\u0131. 1922-ci il dekabr\u0131n 30-da Sovet Sosialist Respublikalar\u0131 \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n (SSR\u0130) yaranmas\u0131 v\u0259 Zaqafqaziya Sosialist Federativ Sovet Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n bu quruma daxil olmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin\u0259 son qoyuldu. 1992-ci ild\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin yeni konstitusiyas\u0131 q\u0259bul olunandan b\u0259ri prezident v\u0259 se\u00e7kil\u0259rl\u0259 se\u00e7ilmi\u015f qanunverici orqan \u2014 Az\u0259rbaycan parlamenti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunan prezidentli respublikad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan BMT, Avropa \u015euras\u0131, Avropada T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik v\u0259 \u018fm\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131, GUAM, \u015e\u0259rq T\u0259r\u0259fda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, T\u00fcrk \u015euras\u0131, \u0130slam \u018fm\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131, Beyn\u0259lxalq Valyuta Fondu, Asiya \u0130nki\u015faf Bank\u0131, Avropa Yenid\u0259nqurma v\u0259 \u0130nki\u015faf Bank\u0131, Qara D\u0259niz \u0130qtisadi \u018fm\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131, MAQATE, Kimy\u0259vi Silahlar\u0131n Qada\u011fan edilm\u0259si T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 v\u0259 NATO-nun S\u00fclh Namin\u0259 T\u0259r\u0259fda\u015fl\u0131q (SNT) proqram\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fcd\u00fcr.[13] 2017-ci ild\u0259 AB\u015e-\u0131n “Global Firepower” ara\u015fd\u0131rma m\u0259rk\u0259zin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycan Silahl\u0131 Q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri d\u00fcnyada 59-ci, C\u0259nubi Qafqazda is\u0259 \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc v\u0259 haz\u0131rl\u0131ql\u0131 ordudur. 2010-cu il \u00fczr\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 194 \u00f6lk\u0259si aras\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ixracat reytinqi 64-c\u00fc s\u0131rada dayan\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan 7 milyard barel h\u0259cmind\u0259 k\u0259\u015ff edilmi\u015f neft ehtiyatlar\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 19-cu, neft hasilat\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259cmin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 23-c\u00fc \u00f6lk\u0259sidir. Az\u0259rbaycan 849,5 milyard m\u00b3 h\u0259cmind\u0259 k\u0259\u015ff edilmi\u015f qaz ehtiyatlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnyada 28-ci \u00f6lk\u0259dir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcnd\u0259ricat
\n1\tEtimologiya
\n2\tTarix
\n2.1\tQ\u0259dim d\u00f6vr
\n2.2\tFeodal d\u00f6vr\u00fc
\n2.3\tYeni d\u00f6vr
\n2.3.1\tAz\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti
\n2.3.2\tSovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259
\n2.3.3\t\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Respublika d\u00f6vr\u00fc
\n3\tH\u00f6kum\u0259t v\u0259 siyas\u0259t
\n4\tXarici siyas\u0259t v\u0259 ordu
\n5\t\u0130nzibati b\u00f6lg\u00fc
\n6\tCo\u011frafiya
\n6.1\t\u0130qlim
\n6.2\tBiom\u00fcxt\u0259liflilik
\n7\t\u0130qtisadiyyat
\n7.1\t\u0130qtisadiyyat tarixi
\n7.2\t\u0130xracat
\n7.3\t\u0130dxalat
\n7.4\tTurizm
\n7.5\tElm v\u0259 texnologiya
\n8\t\u0130nfrasruktur
\n8.1\tN\u0259qliyyat
\n8.2\tEnerji
\n9\tDemoqrafiya
\n9.1\tDin
\n9.2\tDil
\n9.3\tT\u0259hsil
\n9.4\tS\u0259hiyy\u0259
\n10\tM\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t
\n10.1\t\u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t
\n10.2\t\u018fd\u0259biyyat
\n10.3\tF\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259
\n10.4\tMusiqi
\n10.5\tKinematoqrafiya
\n10.6\tMemarl\u0131q
\n10.7\tM\u0259tb\u0259x
\n10.8\t\u0130dman
\n11\tQalereya
\n12\t\u0130stinadlar
\n13\tXarici ke\u00e7idl\u0259r
\nEtimologiya
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan (ekzonim)
\nAz\u0259rbaycan s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi m\u00f6vzusunda f\u0259rqli tarixi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259ld\u0259 olunmu\u015f m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259lumatlar var. B\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, “Az\u0259rbaycan” toponimi parf v\u0259 ya orta d\u00f6vr fars dilind\u0259, Atropatena adl\u0131 q\u0259dim d\u00f6vl\u0259tin ad\u0131 olan Aturpatakandan (\u0100turp\u0101tak\u0101n) \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fdir. Makedoniyal\u0131 \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259rin i\u015f\u011fal\u0131ndan sonra \u018fh\u0259m\u0259nil\u0259r imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n Midiya satrap\u0131 Atropat\u0131n \u00f6z \u00e7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoydu\u011fu Midiyan\u0131n \u015fimal\u0131 Atropat Midiyas\u0131 v\u0259 ya sad\u0259c\u0259 Atropatena adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.[14]<\/p>\n

Orta \u0259sr \u0259r\u0259b co\u011frafi\u015f\u00fcnaslar\u0131 ekzonimi f\u0259rqli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, \u015f\u0259xs ad\u0131 Adarbadordan xalq etimologiyas\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259si kimi \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015f olaraq \u015f\u0259rh edibl\u0259r. Adarbador at\u0259\u015f m\u0259b\u0259di v\u0259 ya at\u0259\u015f m\u00fchafiz\u0259\u00e7isi (adar \u2014 at\u0259\u015f, baykan \u2014 m\u00fchafiz\u0259\u00e7i) dem\u0259kdir.[15] \u018fr\u0259b co\u011frafiya\u015f\u00fcnas\u0131 v\u0259 s\u0259yyah\u0131 Yaqut \u0259l-H\u0259m\u0259vi yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “B\u0259zil\u0259ri g\u00fcman edir ki, Az\u0259r p\u0259hl\u0259vi dilind\u0259 “at\u0259\u015f”, bayqan is\u0259 “ke\u015fik\u00e7i” v\u0259 ya “at\u0259\u015f m\u00fchafiz\u0259\u00e7isi” dem\u0259kdir v\u0259 bel\u0259likl\u0259, s\u00f6z “at\u0259\u015f m\u0259b\u0259di” v\u0259 ya “at\u0259\u015f m\u00fchafiz\u0259\u00e7isi” dem\u0259kdir, hans\u0131 ki, h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259 uy\u011fundur, \u00e7\u00fcnki bu \u0259razid\u0259 at\u0259\u015f m\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259ri \u00e7ox olub”[16].<\/p>\n

XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan tarix\u00e7isi Abbasqulu a\u011fa Bak\u0131xanov Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn yaranmas\u0131n\u0131 X\u00fcrr\u0259mil\u0259r h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259\u015fhur s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259si Bab\u0259k il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirir.[17] Bab\u0259k Abbasil\u0259r xilaf\u0259tin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 x\u00fcrr\u0259mil\u0259rin \u00fcsyan\u0131na r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etmi\u015fdir. Bak\u0131xanov G\u00fcl\u00fcstani-\u0130r\u0259m \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “Ehtimala g\u00f6r\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00f6z\u00fc Az\u0259r-Bab\u0259qan s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259ndir, hans\u0131 ki, \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r Az\u0259r-Bab\u0259can kimi t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz edir v\u0259 “Bab\u0259kin at\u0259\u015fi” dem\u0259kdir. H\u0259r halda, biz\u0259 m\u0259lum oldu\u011fu q\u0259d\u0259ril\u0259, at\u0259\u015fp\u0259r\u0259stlik hal-haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycan adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u0259razid\u0259 z\u00fchur edib.”<\/p>\n

Tarix
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan tarixi
\nQ\u0259dim d\u00f6vr<\/p>\n

Qobustan d\u00f6vl\u0259t tarixi-b\u0259dii qoru\u011funda qaya\u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259r
\nAz\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 haz\u0131rda ilk ibtidai insanlar\u0131n 1,7-1,8 milyon il bundan \u0259vv\u0259ld\u0259n ya\u015fama\u011fa ba\u015flamas\u0131na aid \u0259n q\u0259dim arxeoloji v\u0259 paleontoloji materiallar tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[18] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n c\u0259nub-q\u0259rbind\u0259ki Ki\u00e7ik Qafqaz da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n c\u0259nub-\u015f\u0259rq yamac\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Az\u0131x ma\u011faras\u0131 Da\u015f d\u00f6vr\u00fc insanlar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f yeri kimi m\u0259\u015fhurdur. Ma\u011fara 1960-c\u0131 ild\u0259 M\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259li H\u00fcseynovun r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi il\u0259 AMEA-n\u0131n “Paleolit Arxeoloji Ekspedisiyas\u0131” t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n a\u015fkar olunmu\u015fdur. Apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u0259dqiqat i\u015fl\u0259ri zaman\u0131 on m\u0259d\u0259ni t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259 a\u015fkarlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[19] Ma\u011farada Quru\u00e7ay m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti, A\u015fel m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti v\u0259 Mustye m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015fdir. Haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycan, Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 Qafqaz \u0259razisind\u0259 mustye m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin\u0259 aid \u0259n z\u0259ngin arxeoloji abid\u0259 Ta\u011flar ma\u011faras\u0131 hesab olunur.[20] Ma\u011fara Qaraba\u011f\u0131n Tu\u011f \u00e7\u00f6k\u0259kliyind\u0259, Quru\u00e7ay\u0131n sol sahilind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir.<\/p>\n

Mezolit d\u00f6vr\u00fc ba\u015fl\u0131ca olaraq Qobustandak\u0131 qaya \u00fcst\u00fc r\u0259sml\u0259r v\u0259 arxeoloji tap\u0131nt\u0131lar \u0259sas\u0131nda t\u0259dqiq edilib. 2007-ci ild\u0259 Qobustan UNESCO-nun D\u00fcnya \u0130rs Siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir.[21] Qobustanda B\u00f6y\u00fckda\u015f da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yuxar\u0131 terras\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n petroqlifl\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6k\u00fcz (tur) t\u0259svirl\u0259rin tarixi 15 000 il \u0259vv\u0259l\u0259 aid edilir.[22] Bu r\u0259sml\u0259rd\u0259 o d\u00f6vrk\u00fc adamlar\u0131n m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259ti, \u0259m\u0259k f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, ov v\u0259 bal\u0131q\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259hn\u0259l\u0259ri, ayin v\u0259 etiqadlar\u0131 da \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Neolit Az\u0259rbaycanda er.\u0259v. 7ci minilliy\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf ed\u0259r\u0259k Qobustan\u0131n v\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259nlu (C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan) arxeoloji materiallar\u0131 timsal\u0131nda t\u0259dqiq edilmi\u015fdir. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259n ibtidai insanlarda istehsal xarakterli t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat formala\u015f\u0131r, arxaik (primitiv) saxs\u0131 m\u0259mulat\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ba\u015flan\u0131r. Er.\u0259v. 6-4-c\u00fc minillikl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 eneolit m\u00f6vcud idi. Bu zaman oturaq \u0259kin\u00e7ilik formala\u015f\u0131r, insanlar h\u0259y\u0259t t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 tikilil\u0259rin\u0259 malik olan evl\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fama\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130nsanlar arpa, bu\u011fda v\u0259 dig\u0259r bitkil\u0259ri yeti\u015fdirm\u0259yi bacar\u0131r, s\u0259n\u0259tkarl\u0131qla (da\u015f v\u0259 s\u00fcm\u00fckd\u0259n \u0259m\u0259k al\u0259tl\u0259rinin istehsal\u0131, heyvan d\u0259ril\u0259rinin emal\u0131, saxs\u0131 m\u0259mulatlar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 v\u0259 s.) m\u0259\u015f\u011ful idil\u0259r. Bu d\u00f6vr\u0259 arxaik tipli inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin (gild\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcxt\u0259lif tipli qad\u0131n heyk\u0259ll\u0259ri, b\u0259z\u0259k \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131 v\u0259s.) d\u00fcz\u0259ldilm\u0259si t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131 t\u0259qrib\u0259n 5 min illik d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik tarixin\u0259 malikdir.[23] Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 ilk d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131 v\u0259 ya etnik-siyasi birlikl\u0259r h\u0259l\u0259 eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l IV minilliyin sonu – III minilliyin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq Urmiya h\u00f6vz\u0259sind\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.[23] Burada meydana g\u0259lmi\u015f \u0259n q\u0259dim Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri b\u00fct\u00fcn regionun h\u0259rbi-siyasi tarixind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131lar. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda D\u0259cl\u0259 v\u0259 F\u0259rat vadil\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n v\u0259 d\u00fcnya tarixind\u0259 d\u0259rin iz qoymu\u015f q\u0259dim \u015eumer, Akkad v\u0259 Assuriya d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri, habel\u0259 Ki\u00e7ik Asiyadak\u0131 Het d\u00f6vl\u0259ti aras\u0131nda s\u0131x qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r vard\u0131.[23]<\/p>\n

Eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l I minillikd\u0259 – bizim eran\u0131n I minilliyinin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131nda Manna, Skif pad\u015fahl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Atropatena v\u0259 Albaniya kimi q\u00fcvv\u0259tli d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r m\u00f6vcud olmu\u015fdur.[23] Bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycanda d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259\u00e7iliyi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin daha da y\u00fcks\u0259ldilm\u0259sind\u0259, \u00f6lk\u0259nin iqtisadi-m\u0259d\u0259ni tarixind\u0259, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 vahid xalq\u0131n t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fc prosesind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynam\u0131\u015flar.[23]<\/p>\n

Feodal d\u00f6vr\u00fc
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Qafqaz Albaniyas\u0131<\/p>\n

2000-ci ild\u0259 \u0130\u00e7\u0259ri \u015f\u0259h\u0259r, \u015eirvan\u015fahlar saray kompleksi v\u0259 Q\u0131z qalas\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 UNESCO-nun \u00dcmumd\u00fcnya m\u0259d\u0259ni irsi siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir.[24]
\nIII \u0259srd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 Sasanil\u0259r \u0130mperiyas\u0131, VII \u0259srd\u0259 is\u0259 \u018fr\u0259b xilaf\u0259ti i\u015f\u011fal etdi.[23] \u0130\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131lar \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 \u0130ran\u0131n v\u0259 \u018fr\u0259bistan\u0131n i\u00e7\u0259ril\u0259rind\u0259n \u00e7oxlu \u0130ran v\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li \u0259hali k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcb g\u0259tirdil\u0259r.[23] Eram\u0131z\u0131n ilk y\u00fczillikl\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259halisinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tini t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259rbi-siyasi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n daha m\u00fct\u0259\u015f\u0259kkil v\u0259 daha q\u00fcvv\u0259tli olan t\u00fcrk etnoslar\u0131 vahid xalq\u0131n t\u0259\u015f\u0259k\u00fcl\u00fc prosesind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131lar.[23] T\u00fcrk etnoslar\u0131 i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 o\u011fuz t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edirdil\u0259r.[23] H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq, t\u00fcrk dili Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fayan v\u0259 sayca az olan xalqlar, etnik qruplar aras\u0131nda da ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t vasit\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259kd\u0259 idi.[23] T\u00fcrk dili, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u015fimalla c\u0259nub aras\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fdirici, \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirici rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131.[23] Bu amilin o zaman vahid xalq\u0131n t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fc prosesind\u0259 \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm rolu vard\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnki b\u0259hs olunan d\u00f6vrd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisini \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n vahid dini g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f – monoteist din yox idi.[23] Q\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin ba\u015f Allah\u0131 olan Tanr\u0131ya sitayi\u015f – tanr\u0131\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q h\u0259l\u0259 ba\u015fqa dini g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131b tamamil\u0259 aradan qald\u0131ra bilm\u0259mi\u015fdi.[23] Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftl\u00fck, at\u0259\u015fp\u0259r\u0259stlik, g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f\u0259, aya, g\u00f6y\u0259, ulduzlara, torpa\u011fa, suya v\u0259 s. sitayi\u015f davam etm\u0259kd\u0259 idi.[23] \u00d6lk\u0259nin \u015fimal\u0131nda – Albaniya \u0259razisinin b\u0259zi yerl\u0259rind\u0259, \u0259sas\u0259n da\u011fl\u0131q q\u0259rb b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259, xristianl\u0131q yay\u0131lmaqda idi.[23] Lakin m\u00fcst\u0259qil Alban H\u0259vari kils\u0259si qon\u015fu erm\u0259ni v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fc kils\u0259l\u0259rinin k\u0259skin r\u0259qab\u0259ti \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi.[23]<\/p>\n

\u015e\u0259ki rayonununda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Ki\u015f kils\u0259sinin interyeri
\nVII \u0259srd\u0259 islam dininin q\u0259bul olunmas\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n tarixi m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259rat\u0131nda \u0259sasl\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yarand\u0131.[23] \u0130slam dini vahid xalq\u0131n v\u0259 dilin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc t\u0259kan verdi, bu prosesin s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 h\u0259lledici t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rdi.[23] T\u00fcrk v\u0259 qeyri-t\u00fcrk etnoslar\u0131 aras\u0131nda dini birliyin yaranmas\u0131 onlar\u0131n yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 vahid ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcn\u0259, qohumluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rinin geni\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259, qaynay\u0131b-qar\u0131\u015fma prosesinin daha da d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu.[23] \u0130slam dini onu q\u0259bul etmi\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcrk v\u0259 qeyri-t\u00fcrk etnoslar\u0131n\u0131 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131 b\u00fct\u00f6v halda xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u0259sir dair\u0259sin\u0259 salma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Bizans \u0130mperiyas\u0131na v\u0259 onun himay\u0259 etdiyi erm\u0259ni v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fc feodallar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 vahid t\u00fcrk-islam bayra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fdirdi.[23]<\/p>\n

IX \u0259srin ortalar\u0131ndan Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri yenid\u0259n dir\u00e7\u0259ldi.[23] Az\u0259rbaycanda yeni siyasi dir\u00e7\u0259li\u015f ba\u015fland\u0131: islam dininin yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131nda Sacil\u0259r, \u015eirvan\u015fahlar, Salaril\u0259r, R\u0259vvadil\u0259r, \u015e\u0259ddadil\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri yarand\u0131.[23] M\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 siyasi, iqtisadi v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 oyan\u0131\u015f ba\u015f verm\u0259kd\u0259 idi. Az\u0259rbaycan tarixinin \u0130ntibah d\u00f6vr\u00fc ba\u015flan\u0131rd\u0131.[23] \u018fr\u0259b xilaf\u0259tinin t\u0259n\u0259zz\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra – IX \u0259srin ortalar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayaraq Az\u0259rbaycanda, habel\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn Yax\u0131n v\u0259 Orta \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 t\u00fcrk-islam imperiyalar\u0131n\u0131n rolu artd\u0131.[23] XV-XVIII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 bundan sonrak\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti daha da z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdi.[23] Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqin geni\u015f \u0259razili Qaraqoyunlular, A\u011fqoyunlular, S\u0259f\u0259vi, \u018ff\u015far v\u0259 Qacar imperiyalar\u0131 bilavasit\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00fclal\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunurdu.[23]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t xadimi Uzun H\u0259s\u0259nin (1468-1478) hakimiyy\u0259ti ill\u0259rind\u0259 A\u011fqoyunlu imperiyas\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn Yax\u0131n v\u0259 Orta \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 q\u00fcdr\u0259tli h\u0259rbi-siyasi amil\u0259 \u00e7evrildi.[23] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti daha da inki\u015faf etdi. Uzun H\u0259s\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f d\u00f6vl\u0259t yaratmaq siyas\u0259ti yeridirdi.[23] O, bu m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 x\u00fcsusi “Qanunnam\u0259” haz\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. H\u00f6kmdar Quran\u0131 az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 \u00e7evirtmi\u015f, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn g\u00f6rk\u0259mli elm adam\u0131 \u018fbu B\u0259kr \u0259l-Tehraniy\u0259 “Kitabi-Diyarb\u0259kriyy\u0259” adl\u0131 O\u011fuznam\u0259 yazd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.[23] XV \u0259srin sonu – XVI \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn tarixi t\u0259kam\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259 yeni m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259m qoydu. Uzun H\u0259s\u0259nin n\u0259v\u0259si olan d\u00f6vl\u0259t xadimi \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l X\u0259tai (1501-1524) babas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fi ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131rd\u0131, \u015fimall\u0131-c\u0259nublu b\u00fct\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259 bildi.[23] Paytaxt\u0131 T\u0259briz \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri olan vahid, m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259ti \u2014 S\u0259f\u0259vi d\u00f6vl\u0259ti meydana g\u0259ldi.[23] S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259rin hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259\u00e7iliyi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti daha da y\u00fcks\u0259ldi.[23] Az\u0259rbaycan dili d\u00f6vl\u0259t dilin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi.[23]<\/p>\n

S\u0259f\u0259vi d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin s\u00fcqutundan sonra hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli Az\u0259rbaycan s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259si Nadir \u015fah \u018ff\u015far (1736-1747) ke\u00e7mi\u015f S\u0259f\u0259vi imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rini daha da geni\u015fl\u0259ndirdi.[23] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259f\u015far-t\u00fcrk elind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f h\u00f6kmdar 1739-cu ild\u0259 Dehli d\u0259 daxil olmaqla \u015eimali Hindistan\u0131 da \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdi.[23] Lakin Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kmdar\u0131n\u0131n bu geni\u015f \u0259razid\u0259 q\u00fcdr\u0259tli m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f d\u00f6vl\u0259t yaratmaq planlar\u0131 ba\u015f tutmad\u0131.[23] Nadir \u015fah\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra onun idar\u0259 etdiyi geni\u015f \u0259razili imperiya s\u00fcquta u\u011frad\u0131.[23] H\u0259l\u0259 Nadir \u015fah\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ik\u0259n azadl\u0131q m\u00fcbariz\u0259sin\u0259 qalxan v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qilliy\u0259 can atan Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131nda yerli d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r yarand\u0131.[23] Bel\u0259likl\u0259, XVIII \u0259srin II yar\u0131s\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan x\u0131rda d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 – xanl\u0131qlara v\u0259 sultanl\u0131qlara par\u00e7aland\u0131.[23]<\/p>\n

Yeni d\u00f6vr
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Mart soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131
\nMedieval azerbaijani helmet 5.JPG
\nMedieval azerbaijani shield 2.JPG
\nG\u0259nc\u0259 xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ordusunun d\u0259bilq\u0259 v\u0259 qalxan\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t Muzeyi
\nXVIII \u0259srin sonunda Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00fclal\u0259si olan Qacarlar (1796-1925) \u0130randa hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldil\u0259r.[25] Qacarlar vaxt\u0131 il\u0259 onlar\u0131n ulu babalar\u0131 qaraqoyunlular\u0131n, a\u011fqoyunlular\u0131n, s\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259rin v\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t, Nadir \u015fah \u018ff\u015far\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda olmu\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259razil\u0259ri, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan xanl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 yenid\u0259n m\u0259rk\u0259zi hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 tabe etm\u0259k siyas\u0259ti yeritm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, Qacarlarla C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzun s\u00fcr\u0259n m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fc ba\u015fland\u0131.[23]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan iki b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131nda qanl\u0131 m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259r meydan\u0131na \u00e7evrildi.[23] G\u00fcl\u00fcstan (1813) v\u0259 T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay (1828) m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan iki imperiya aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc: \u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycan Rusiyaya, C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan is\u0259 qacarlar\u0131n idar\u0259 etdiyi \u0130ran \u015fahl\u0131\u011f\u0131na qat\u0131ld\u0131.[23] Bel\u0259likl\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n bundan sonrak\u0131 tarixind\u0259 yeni siyasi-co\u011frafi anlay\u0131\u015flar meydana g\u0259ldi: “\u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycan” (v\u0259 ya “Rusiya Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131”) v\u0259 “C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan” (v\u0259 ya “\u0130ran Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131”).[23]<\/p>\n

Rusiya C\u0259nubi Qafqazda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 dayaq yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015f\u011fal etdiyi Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131na, x\u00fcsus\u0259n Qaraba\u011f\u0131n da\u011fl\u0131q rayonlar\u0131na, ke\u00e7mi\u015f \u0130r\u0259van v\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van xanl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259razisin\u0259 qon\u015fu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n k\u00fctl\u0259vi sur\u0259td\u0259 erm\u0259ni \u0259halisi k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrd\u00fc.[23] T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259d olan Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131nda – ke\u00e7mi\u015f \u0130r\u0259van, Nax\u00e7\u0131van xanl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259 s\u00fcni sur\u0259td\u0259 v\u0259 x\u00fcsusi m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 “Erm\u0259ni vilay\u0259ti” yarad\u0131ld\u0131.[23] Bununla, Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131nda g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k erm\u0259ni d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin \u0259sas\u0131 qoyuldu.[23] Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, Rusiya 1836-c\u0131 ild\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil Alban kils\u0259sini l\u0259\u011fv etdi v\u0259 onu Erm\u0259ni H\u0259vari kils\u0259sinin tabe\u00e7iliyin\u0259 verdi.[23] Bununla da Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim \u0259halisi olan xristian albanlar\u0131n qriqorianla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 daha \u0259lveri\u015fli \u015f\u0259rait yarad\u0131ld\u0131.[23] Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 yeni \u0259razi iddialar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131 qoyuldu.[23] B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlarla kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259n \u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131 erm\u0259nil\u0259ri silahland\u0131raraq t\u00fcrk-m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259hali \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 qald\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 k\u00fctl\u0259vi q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar t\u00f6r\u0259dilm\u0259sin\u0259 ba\u015fland\u0131. Bununla az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcrk-m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 soyq\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fc ba\u015fland\u0131.[23]<\/p>\n

\u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycanda azadl\u0131q m\u00fcbariz\u0259si misli g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f faci\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi. Burada hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7ir\u0259n Stepan \u015eaumyan\u0131n da\u015fnak-bol\u015fevik h\u00f6kum\u0259ti 1918-ci ilin mart\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 Mart soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irdi.[23] 1918-ci ild\u0259 Nuru pa\u015fan\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi Osmanl\u0131 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t Qafqaz \u0130slam Ordusu Bak\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u00e7ald\u0131.[26] 1918-ci il may\u0131n 28-d\u0259 \u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycanda \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 ilk demokratik respublika \u2014 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti yarad\u0131ld\u0131.[23]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti v\u0259 Bak\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131n\u0131 azad etmi\u015f Qafqaz \u0130slam Ordusunun \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 f\u0259xri ke\u00e7idi
\nAz\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n tarixind\u0259 ilk Parlamentli respublika olan Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti, eyni zamanda, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n t\u00fcrk-islam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ilk demokratik, h\u00fcquqi v\u0259 d\u00fcny\u0259vi d\u00f6vl\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259si idi.[23] Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 parlament\u00e7ilik tarixi iki d\u00f6vr\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131r: Birinci d\u00f6vr – 1918-ci il may\u0131n 27-d\u0259n noyabr\u0131n 19-d\u0259k davam etmi\u015fdir. Bu alt\u0131 ay \u0259rzind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 ad\u0131 il\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n v\u0259 44 n\u0259f\u0259r m\u00fcs\u0259lman-t\u00fcrk n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t olan ilk Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamenti \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm tarixi q\u0259rarlar q\u0259bul etmi\u015fdir. \u0130lk Parlament 1918-ci il may\u0131n 28-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini elan etmi\u015f, \u00f6lk\u0259nin idar\u0259 olun-mas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f v\u0259 tarixi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0130stiqlal B\u0259yannam\u0259sini q\u0259bul etmi\u015fdir.[23]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin parlament\u00e7ilik tarixind\u0259 \u0130kinci d\u00f6vr v\u0259 ya Bak\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fc 1918-ci il dekabr\u0131n 7-d\u0259n 1920-ci il aprelin 27-d\u0259k – c\u0259mi 17 ay davam etmi\u015fdir. Parlamentin 1919-cu il sentyabr\u0131n 1-d\u0259 Bak\u0131 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Universitetinin t\u0259sis olunmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda q\u0259bul etdiyi qanunu x\u00fcsusi qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Milli universitetin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t xadiml\u0259rinin do\u011fma xalq qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm tarixi xidm\u0259ti idi. Sonralar Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti s\u00fcqut ets\u0259 d\u0259 C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t ideyalar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015famas\u0131nda v\u0259 xalq\u0131n yenid\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliy\u0259 qovu\u015fmas\u0131nda Bak\u0131 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Universiteti misilsiz rol oynad\u0131.[23] Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011fu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 155 parlament iclas\u0131 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015fdir ki, bunun da 10-u Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n (27 may-19 noyabr 1918-ci il), 145-i is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamentinin f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi d\u00f6vrd\u0259 (7 dekabr 1918-ci il – 27 aprel 1920-ci il) olmu\u015fdur.[23] Parlamentin m\u00fczakir\u0259sin\u0259 270-d\u0259n \u00e7ox qanun layih\u0259si \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, onlardan 230-a yax\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul olunmu\u015fdu. Qanunlar q\u0131z\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 i\u015fg\u00fczar fikir m\u00fcbadil\u0259si \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 edilir, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 yaln\u0131z \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc oxunu\u015fdan sonra q\u0259bul olunurdu.[23]<\/p>\n

Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan Sovet Sosialist Respublikas\u0131<\/p>\n

1942-ci ild\u0259 Bil\u0259c\u0259ri D\u0259miryol Stansiyas\u0131ndan c\u0259bh\u0259y\u0259 yollanan batalyon
\n1920-ci ilin aprelin 28-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda Sovet hakimiyy\u0259ti qurulandan bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra da \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00f6z m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini saxlaya bilmi\u015fdir. Aprelin 30-da Rusiya il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan aras\u0131nda h\u0259rbi-iqtisadi m\u00fcqavil\u0259 imzalanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1921-ci ild\u0259 t\u0259rkibin\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan, Erm\u0259nistan v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan respublikalar\u0131 daxil olmu\u015f Zaqafqaziya Demokratik Federativ Respublikas\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edildi.[27] 1918-ci ilin Mart soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra, faktiki olaraq, Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 yeni soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.[23] 1922-ci il dekabr\u0131n 30-da Sovet Sosialist Respublikalar\u0131 \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n (SSR\u0130) yaranmas\u0131 v\u0259 Zaqafqaziya Sosialist Federativ Sovet Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n bu quruma daxil olmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin\u0259 son qoyuldu.[23] Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u00fcst\u0259qil hakimiyy\u0259t m\u0259hrum edildikd\u0259n sonra \u00f6lk\u0259nin s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259rinin talan olunmas\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131.[23] Torpaq \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 x\u00fcsusi m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t l\u0259\u011fv olundu. \u00d6lk\u0259nin b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259bii s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259ri millil\u0259\u015fdirildi, daha do\u011frusu, d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fclkiyy\u0259ti hesab olundu.[23] Neft s\u0259nayesini idar\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi olaraq Az\u0259rbaycan Neft Komit\u0259si yarad\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 bu komit\u0259y\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik Vladimir Lenin t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Bak\u0131ya g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015f A.P.Serebrovskiy\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.[23] Bel\u0259likl\u0259, h\u0259l\u0259 1920-ci il mart\u0131n 17-d\u0259 Qafqaz C\u0259bh\u0259sinin H\u0259rbi-\u0130nqilab \u015euras\u0131na g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi teleqramda “Bak\u0131n\u0131 almaq biz\u0259 olduqca v\u0259 olduqca z\u0259ruridir” dey\u0259 \u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131na g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015f vermi\u015f Lenin \u00f6z arzusuna \u00e7atd\u0131.[23] Bak\u0131 nefti Sovet Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7di.[23]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar Birliyi binas\u0131nda repressiyaya u\u011fram\u0131\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na h\u0259sr edilmi\u015f memorial l\u00f6vh\u0259
\n1920-ci il aprelin 28-d\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 \u0259razisind\u0259 insan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131na zidd qanunlar \u0259sas\u0131nda totalitar d\u00f6vl\u0259t rejiminin t\u00f6r\u0259tdiyi \u00f6zba\u015f\u0131nal\u0131q, zorak\u0131l\u0131q n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 100 min\u0259 yax\u0131n g\u00fcnahs\u0131z az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u00f6z siyasi \u0259qid\u0259sin\u0259, f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259, ba\u015fqa c\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u0259 v\u0259 ayr\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 repressiyalara m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[28] T\u0259kc\u0259 1937-ci ild\u0259 29 min adam repressiyaya u\u011frad\u0131.[23] Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn H\u00fcseyn Cavid, Mikay\u0131l M\u00fc\u015ffiq, \u018fhm\u0259d Cavad, Salman M\u00fcmtaz, \u018fli N\u0259zmi, Ta\u011f\u0131 \u015eahbazi, Yusif V\u0259zir \u00c7\u0259m\u0259nz\u0259minli v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 kimi onlarla m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkirl\u0259rini v\u0259 nadir ziyal\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 itirdi.[23][29]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan \u0130kinci d\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin strateji planlar\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm yer tuturdu. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Reyx Bak\u0131 neftini \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259kl\u0259 \u015e\u0259rq\u0259 – \u0130ran k\u00f6rf\u0259zin\u0259 v\u0259 Hind okean\u0131na h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etm\u0259k niyy\u0259tind\u0259 idi. Adolf Hitlerin tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda h\u0259tta Bak\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259naye v\u0259 h\u0259rbi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli obyektl\u0259rinin d\u0259qiq x\u0259rit\u0259si d\u0259 haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.[30][31] M\u00fcharib\u0259 ill\u0259rind\u0259 Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131nda hasil olunan neftin d\u00f6rdd\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 hiss\u0259si, aviasiya benzini v\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259tli ya\u011flar\u0131n 85-90 faizi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc.[32] \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycandan 700 min n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7ox insan s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259r edil\u0259r\u0259k ordu s\u0131ralar\u0131na yola d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, onlar\u0131n 300 mind\u0259n \u00e7oxu d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 h\u0259lak olmu\u015fdur.[32] M\u00fcharib\u0259nin h\u0259l\u0259 ilk g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 respublikada 4 mind\u0259n \u00e7ox o\u011flan v\u0259 q\u0131z k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc sur\u0259td\u0259 c\u0259bh\u0259y\u0259 getm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259rbi komissarl\u0131qlara m\u00fcraci\u0259t etmi\u015fdi.[33] 1941-ci ilin sonunda xalq qo\u015funu d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 187 min n\u0259f\u0259r d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fc vard\u0131.[33] Onlardan 30 min n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7oxu qad\u0131nlar idi.[33] M\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259tta az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lardan ibar\u0259t diviziyalar t\u0259\u015fkil olunmu\u015fdu.[33] 416-c\u0131, 402-ci, 396-c\u0131, 223-c\u00fc, 77-ci v\u0259 dig\u0259r milli diviziyalar Simferopolda, Odessada v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 vuru\u015fmu\u015flar.[33] 77-ci diviziya Pol\u015fa v\u0259 \u00c7exoslovakiyan\u0131n, 223-c\u00fc diviziya Yuqoslaviyan\u0131n azad edilm\u0259sind\u0259 igidlik g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdi.[33] 416-c\u0131 diviziya Qafqazdan Berlin\u0259d\u0259k q\u0259hr\u0259manl\u0131q yolu ke\u00e7mi\u015fdi.[33] \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259si zaman\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rdikl\u0259ri igidliy\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycandan 123 n\u0259f\u0259r Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131 Q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 ad\u0131na layiq g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcb, 170 mind\u0259n \u00e7ox \u0259sg\u0259r v\u0259 zabit m\u00fcxt\u0259lif orden v\u0259 medallarla t\u0259ltif edilib.[32].<\/p>\n

1948-1953-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131 Erm\u0259nistan SSR-d\u0259n k\u00fctl\u0259vi sur\u0259td\u0259 s\u00fcrg\u00fcn olunmas\u0131n\u0131n yeni m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si ba\u015fland\u0131.[23] Deportasiyalardan sonra, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin bu \u0259razid\u0259 sayca \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc t\u0259min olundu.[23] Bir s\u0131ra obyektiv v\u0259 subyektiv s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n 1960-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan iqtisadiyyat\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7ox sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 – h\u0259m s\u0259nayed\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131nda m\u0259nfi meyll\u0259r \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131.[23] Respublikan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fc bu a\u011f\u0131r v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259hb\u0259rliyind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm d\u0259yi\u015fiklik ba\u015f verdi. 1969-cu ild\u0259 Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin Az\u0259rbaycana r\u0259hb\u0259rliyinin birinci d\u00f6vr\u00fc ba\u015fland\u0131.[23] Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev totalitar rejimin h\u00f6kmranl\u0131q etdiyi m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b tarixi \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n qabaqc\u0131l respublikalar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 \u00e7evirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259yat\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 geni\u015f islahatlar proqram\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131.[23] 1970-1985-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259, tarix\u0259n q\u0131sa bir d\u00f6vr \u0259rzind\u0259, b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 respublika \u0259razisind\u0259 y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 zavod, fabrik, istehsalat sah\u0259l\u0259ri yarad\u0131ld\u0131.[23] 213 iri s\u0259naye m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259si i\u015f\u0259 sal\u0131nd\u0131.[23] Az\u0259rbaycanda istehsal olunan 350 adda m\u0259hsul d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 65 \u00f6lk\u0259sin\u0259 ixrac olunurdu.[23]<\/p>\n

1980-ci ill\u0259rin sonlar\u0131ndan 1994-c\u00fc ilin may\u0131na kimi Qaraba\u011f b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan Respublikas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259n\u0259n Qaraba\u011f erm\u0259nil\u0259ri il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 aras\u0131nda Qaraba\u011f m\u00fcharib\u0259si ba\u015f verdi. T\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r aras\u0131nda d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f Muxtar Vilay\u0259tinin parlamentinin 20 fevral 1988-ci ild\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259k q\u0259rar\u0131 verdikd\u0259n sonra ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycandan ayr\u0131lmaq haqq\u0131nda b\u0259y\u0259nnam\u0259 bu torpaq m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259sinin son n\u0259tic\u0259si olmu\u015fdur.[34] Az\u0259rbaycan SSR-d\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini elan etdikd\u0259n sonra erm\u0259nil\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycandan \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259k q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259lmi\u015f v\u0259 tan\u0131nmayan Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini elan etmi\u015fdirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Respublika d\u00f6vr\u00fc
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Qara Yanvar, Qaraba\u011f m\u00fcharib\u0259si, v\u0259 Xocal\u0131 soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131<\/p>\n

Qaraba\u011f m\u00fcharib\u0259si zaman\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259ri, 1992-ci il.
\n1990-c\u0131 il yanvar\u0131n 19-dan 20-n\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n gec\u0259, saat 23.30-da Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n qo\u015fun hiss\u0259l\u0259ri f\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t elan edilm\u0259d\u0259n yeridilmi\u015f, dinc \u0259haliy\u0259 divan tutulmu\u015f, y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 insan q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirilmi\u015f, yaralanm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 itkin d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. Sovet ordusunun, x\u00fcsusi t\u0259yinatl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin v\u0259 daxili qo\u015funlar\u0131n iri kontingentinin Bak\u0131n\u0131 z\u0259bt etm\u0259si x\u00fcsusi q\u0259ddarl\u0131q v\u0259 misli g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t edilmi\u015fdir.[35] Qara Yanvar hadis\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259ks-s\u0259das\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 yay\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 bu hadis\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u00fcst\u0259qillik h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndirdi. 1991-ci il oktyabr\u0131n 18-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Ali Soveti D\u00f6vl\u0259t M\u00fcst\u0259qilliyi haqq\u0131nda Konstitusiya Akt\u0131 q\u0259bul etmi\u015f, Konstitusiya Akt\u0131 1991-ci il dekabr\u0131n 30-da \u00fcmumxalq s\u0259sverm\u0259si, referendum vasit\u0259sil\u0259 b\u0259y\u0259nilmi\u015fdir.[23] Bu aktla Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin t\u0259min olunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u00fcquqi \u0259saslar yaranm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00f6z d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya b\u0259yan etmi\u015fdir.[23]<\/p>\n

1991-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 8-d\u0259 prezident se\u00e7kil\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n prezidenti Ayaz M\u00fct\u0259llibov se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdir.[36] Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan aras\u0131nda geni\u015f miqyasl\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r 1992-ci ilin q\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[37] 1992-ci il fevral\u0131n 25-d\u0259n 26-na ke\u00e7\u0259n gec\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Rusiyan\u0131n 366-c\u0131 motoat\u0131c\u0131 alay\u0131n\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 Xocal\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini i\u015f\u011fal ed\u0259rk\u0259n, etnik az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 Xocal\u0131 soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015f vermi\u015fdir. 1993-c\u00fc ilin yaz\u0131nda Erm\u0259nistan q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin anklav\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 olmayan torpaqlar\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259si regiondak\u0131 dig\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fcharib\u0259y\u0259 qat\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259hdid yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1994-c\u00fc ild\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259 ba\u015fa \u00e7atana q\u0259d\u0259r erm\u0259nil\u0259r Qaraba\u011f\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259r hiss\u0259sini dem\u0259k olar ki, tam n\u0259zar\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 ke\u00e7irmi\u015fdirl\u0259r v\u0259 haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n 20%-n\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t edirl\u0259r.[38] 1994-c\u00fc ilin may\u0131nda Rusiyan\u0131n d\u0259st\u0259yi il\u0259 at\u0259\u015fk\u0259s \u0259ld\u0259 olunmu\u015fdur. Daha sonra m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259nin AT\u018fT-in prinsipl\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda s\u00fclh yolu il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar vasit\u0259si il\u0259 h\u0259lli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn AT\u018fT-in Minsk qrupu yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[39]<\/p>\n

1992-ci ild\u0259 iyunun 7-d\u0259 prezident se\u00e7kil\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n prezidenti \u018fb\u00fclf\u0259z El\u00e7ib\u0259y se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdir.[36] Daxild\u0259 ged\u0259n prosesl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 mane\u00e7ilik t\u00f6r\u0259tmi\u015fdir. Hakimiyy\u0259t m\u00fcbariz\u0259si, hakimiyy\u0259tin g\u00fccl\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si hallar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycandak\u0131 daxili v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti \u00e7ox g\u0259rginl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdi.[40] X\u00fcsus\u0259n, 1993-c\u00fc ilin iyun ay\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00e7ox a\u011f\u0131r bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259t yaranm\u0131\u015f, respublikada v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f m\u00fcharib\u0259si ba\u015f vermi\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan par\u00e7alanmaq t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259si qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda olmu\u015fdur.[40] Bunun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, ancaq ondan sonrak\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini pozmaq c\u0259hdl\u0259ri davam etmi\u015f v\u0259 respublikada d\u00f6vl\u0259t \u00e7evrili\u015fin\u0259 iki d\u0259f\u0259 c\u0259hd g\u00f6st\u0259rilmi\u015fdir.[40] 1993-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 qay\u0131d\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin ictimai-siyasi, sosial, iqtisadi, elmi-m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131nda, beyn\u0259lxalq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yarand\u0131, elmi \u0259saslara, beyn\u0259lxalq norma v\u0259 prinsipl\u0259r\u0259 uy\u011fun m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259t quruculu\u011fu prosesi ba\u015fland\u0131.[23]<\/p>\n

1994-c\u00fc il sentyabr\u0131n 20-d\u0259 Bak\u0131da G\u00fcl\u00fcstan Saray\u0131nda Q\u0259rbin neft \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f neft sazi\u015fi m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n yeni tarixind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynad\u0131.[41] “\u018fsrin m\u00fcqavil\u0259si” ad\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259, X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin Az\u0259rbaycan sektorunda Az\u0259ri-\u00c7\u0131raq-G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fli neft yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259rinlikd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n hiss\u0259sinin birg\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 hasil olunan neftin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 11 \u0259n iri neft \u015firk\u0259ti pay \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu.[42] 1998-ci il fevral\u0131n 10-da Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00f6l\u00fcm c\u0259zas\u0131 l\u0259\u011fv olunmu\u015fdur.[43]<\/p>\n

15 oktyabr 2003-c\u00fc ild\u0259 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f prezident se\u00e7kil\u0259rind\u0259 \u0130lham \u018fliyev qalib g\u0259lmi\u015fdir.[44] Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 ASAN xidm\u0259t kimi iri miqyasl\u0131 proqram v\u0259 layih\u0259l\u0259r realla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[45][46] 2012-ci ild\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259tbuat azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 insan haqlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti xeyli pisl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdir.[47][48][49][50] 2011-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f Mill\u0259tl\u0259r T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n qeyri-daimi \u00fczv\u00fc se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdir.[51]<\/p>\n

H\u00f6kum\u0259t v\u0259 siyas\u0259t
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurulu\u015fu<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Prezidenti \u0130lham \u018fliyev 2003-c\u00fc ild\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q edir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan prezidentli respublikad\u0131r v\u0259 icraedici hakimiyy\u0259t prezident\u0259 m\u0259xsusdur. Hakimiyy\u0259t ba\u015f nazirin v\u0259 dig\u0259r se\u00e7ilmi\u015f parlament \u00fczvl\u0259rinin \u0259lind\u0259 c\u0259ml\u0259nmi\u015fdir v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131na suverenlik h\u00fcququ verilir. Haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Prezidenti \u0130lham \u018fliyevdir. Az\u0259rbaycan prezidenti Kabinet ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t nazirl\u0259rini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirir v\u0259 ya i\u015fd\u0259n azad edir. 2016-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Konstitusiyas\u0131nda d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r edilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda ke\u00e7iril\u0259n referendumdan sonra prezident \u00fcmumi, b\u0259rab\u0259r, birba\u015fa se\u00e7ki h\u00fcququ \u0259sas\u0131nda, s\u0259rb\u0259st, \u015f\u0259xsi v\u0259 gizli s\u0259sverm\u0259 yolu il\u0259 7 il m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 se\u00e7ilir.[52]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n qanunverici orqan\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Milli M\u0259clisidir v\u0259 Milli M\u0259clis Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir. Parlament birpalatal\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 125 deputatdan ibar\u0259tdir. Milli M\u0259clisd\u0259 \u0259sas yerl\u0259ri Yeni Az\u0259rbaycan Partiyas\u0131 (YAP) v\u0259 V\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f H\u0259mr\u0259yliyi Partiyas\u0131 (VHP) tutur. Yeni Az\u0259rbaycan Partiyas\u0131 1993-c\u00fc ild\u0259n se\u00e7kil\u0259rd\u0259 daim u\u011fur qazan\u0131r.[53] Az\u0259rbaycan ba\u015f naziri h\u00f6kum\u0259tin \u0259sas ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 Milli M\u0259clis t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u00fczvl\u0259ri aras\u0131ndan m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirildikd\u0259n sonra prezident t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259yin olunur. Ba\u015f nazirin formal olaraq prezident t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259yin olunmas\u0131na baxmayaraq, Az\u0259rbaycan konstitusiyas\u0131 a\u015fkar \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 prezidentd\u0259n parlament t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u015f\u0259xsi bu v\u0259zif\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259yin etm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edir.[54]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Avropa \u015euras\u0131na \u00fczv olan yegan\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tdir ki, onun b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259h\u0259r b\u0259l\u0259diyy\u0259si yoxdur.[55]<\/p>\n

Xarici siyas\u0259t v\u0259 ordu
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n xarici siyas\u0259ti v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Silahl\u0131 Q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Silahl\u0131 Q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259ri Moskvada \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259 Q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259nin 70-ci ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 h\u0259sr olunan paradda
\nAz\u0259rbaycan Avropa \u015euras\u0131, Avropada T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik v\u0259 \u018fm\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131, GUAM, \u015e\u0259rq T\u0259r\u0259fda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, T\u00fcrk \u015euras\u0131, \u0130slam \u018fm\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131, Qara D\u0259niz \u0130qtisadi \u018fm\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131, MAQATE, Kimy\u0259vi Silahlar\u0131n Qada\u011fan edilm\u0259si T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 v\u0259 NATO-nun S\u00fclh Namin\u0259 T\u0259r\u0259fda\u015fl\u0131q (SNT) proqram\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fcd\u00fcr. Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 34 \u00f6lk\u0259si il\u0259 h\u0259rbi \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rin normativ-h\u00fcquqi bazas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n sazi\u015f v\u0259 memorandumlar imzalam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[56]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Erm\u0259nistan il\u0259 Qaraba\u011f m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259si \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 torpaq m\u00fcbahis\u0259si, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n h\u0259m\u00e7inin Erm\u0259nistan il\u0259 XX \u0259srd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n Erm\u0259nistandan deportasiyas\u0131 v\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 davam ed\u0259n konflikti var.[57] X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259 prinsipinin raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0130ran v\u0259 T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistanla su s\u0259rh\u0259d problemi var.[58][59] Bununla bel\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanla T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistan K\u0259p\u0259z yata\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u00fcbahis\u0259 edir.[60] Haz\u0131rda X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin 21 faizi Az\u0259rbaycana m\u0259xsusdur.[61]<\/p>\n

2017-ci ild\u0259 AB\u015e-\u0131n “Global Firepower” ara\u015fd\u0131rma m\u0259rk\u0259zin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycan Silahl\u0131 Q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri d\u00fcnyada 59-ci, C\u0259nubi Qafqazda is\u0259 \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc v\u0259 haz\u0131rl\u0131ql\u0131 ordudur.[62] 1999-cu ilin sentyabr ay\u0131ndan ba\u015flayaraq Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00fclhm\u0259raml\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri Kosovoda, \u018ffqan\u0131standa v\u0259 \u0130raqda Beyn\u0259lxalq S\u00fclhm\u0259raml\u0131 Ordu t\u0259rkibind\u0259 s\u00fclhm\u0259raml\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t apar\u0131rlar.[63] 2011-2015-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Avropa \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck silah idxal\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 idi.[64]<\/p>\n

2005-ci ild\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 M\u00fcdafi\u0259 S\u0259nayesi Nazirliyi 900 adda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif h\u0259rbi t\u0259yinatl\u0131 m\u0259hsul, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn n\u00f6v d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f sursat\u0131, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif texnika v\u0259 silahlar istehsal edir.[65] Az\u0259rbaycanda istehsal olunan silahlar v\u0259 h\u0259rbi m\u0259hsullardan “\u0130stiqlal” v\u0259 “Yalquzaq” snayper t\u00fcf\u0259ngl\u0259rini, “Qaya” qumbaraatan\u0131, G\u00fcrz\u0259 patrul ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131, X\u0259zri avtomat\u0131 v\u0259 “Z\u0259rb\u0259” PUA-n\u0131 qeyd etm\u0259k olar.[66][67]<\/p>\n

\u0130nzibati b\u00f6lg\u00fc
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n inzibati b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fc, Az\u0259rbaycan rayonlar\u0131n\u0131n siyah\u0131s\u0131, v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rinin siyah\u0131s\u0131
\nAz\u0259rbaycan paytaxt Bak\u0131dan k\u0259narda, \u00f6lk\u0259 65 inzibati vahid\u0259 (o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n 59 rayon v\u0259 6 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r) v\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van Muxtar Respublikas\u0131na (6 rayon v\u0259 paytaxt Nax\u00e7\u0131van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t olan) b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr.[68] H\u0259r bir inzibati vahid se\u00e7ilmi\u015f icra hakimiyy\u0259ti, qanunverici orqan v\u0259 inzibati b\u00fcrokratiya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n n\u0259zar\u0259t olunur.<\/p>\n

Co\u011frafiya
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan co\u011frafiyas\u0131 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259bi\u0259ti<\/p>\n

Bazard\u00fcz\u00fc zirv\u0259si \u2014 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n h\u00fcnd\u00fcr n\u00f6qt\u0259sidir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259razisi \u2013 86,6 min km\u00b2 t\u0259\u015fkil edir. \u00d6lk\u0259 39\u00b0 24′, 41\u00b0 54′ \u015fimal en dair\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda v\u0259 44\u00b0 46′, 50\u00b0 45′ \u015f\u0259rq uzunlu\u011funda, paytaxt Bak\u0131 40\u00b0 paralel \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir. S\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rinin \u00fcmumi uzunlu\u011fu 3489 kilometrdir. Bunun 825 kilometri su s\u0259rh\u0259ddidir. C\u0259nubdan \u0130ran-la 765 km, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 13 km (b\u0259zi m\u0259lumatlarda 13 v\u0259 ya 11 km.), \u015fimaldan Rusiya il\u0259 391 km, \u015fimali-q\u0259rbd\u0259n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan il\u0259 471 km, q\u0259rbd\u0259n Erm\u0259nistan il\u0259 1027 km h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259ddir. Sahil x\u0259ttinin uzunlu\u011fu \u2013 713 km, Bak\u0131dan \u015fimal q\u00fctb\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r olan m\u0259saf\u0259 5550 km, ekvatora q\u0259d\u0259r olan m\u0259saf\u0259 is\u0259 4440 km-dir. Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131n \u015f\u0259rq hiss\u0259sind\u0259, X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin q\u0259rbi sahilind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n 11,5%-i me\u015f\u0259lik, 1,6%-i su h\u00f6vz\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 50,0%-i bec\u0259ril\u0259n torpaqlardan ibar\u0259tdir. \u00d6lk\u0259nin \u0259razisi be\u015f co\u011frafi vilay\u0259t\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: onlardan d\u00f6rd\u00fc (B\u00f6y\u00fck Qafqaz, Ki\u00e7ik Qafqaz, Nax\u00e7\u0131van MR, L\u0259nk\u0259ran) da\u011fl\u0131q, biri is\u0259 (K\u00fcr-Araz v\u0259 ya M\u0259rk\u0259zi Aran) oval\u0131qd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lum olan 2000-d\u0259n art\u0131q pal\u00e7\u0131q vulkanlar\u0131ndan 344-\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015f\u0259rqind\u0259 v\u0259 onunla h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259d X\u0259z\u0259r h\u00f6vz\u0259sind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir.[73] Ab\u015feron yar\u0131madas\u0131nda, \u015eamax\u0131-Qobustan, c\u0259nub-\u015f\u0259rqi \u015eirvan rayonlar\u0131nda v\u0259 Bak\u0131 arxipela\u011f\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n vulkanlar\u0131n 100-d\u0259n art\u0131\u011f\u0131 Qobustandad\u0131r.[74] 2007-ci ild\u0259 “Bak\u0131 v\u0259 Ab\u015feron yar\u0131madas\u0131n\u0131n pal\u00e7\u0131q vulkanlar\u0131 qrupu D\u00f6vl\u0259t T\u0259bi\u0259t Qoru\u011fu” yarad\u0131laraq 52 pal\u00e7\u0131q vulkan\u0131na d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259bi\u0259t qoru\u011fu statusu verilmi\u015fdir.[75] Odlu q\u00f6vsd\u0259ki m\u00f6vqeyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 meyilli \u00f6lk\u0259dir.[76]<\/p>\n

\u015eahda\u011f<\/p>\n

B\u00f6y\u00fck Zir\u0259<\/p>\n

Be\u015fbarmaq s\u0259ddi\u3000<\/p>\n

\u018fshabi-K\u0259hf ma\u011faras\u0131<\/p>\n

Qoturda\u011f pal\u00e7\u0131q vulkan\u0131\u3000<\/p>\n

\u0130qlim
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n iqlimi
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda hava temperaturunun v\u0259 atmosfer ya\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n paylanmas\u0131 v\u0259 rejiminin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri, h\u0259m\u00e7inin r\u00fctub\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259 \u015f\u0259raiti n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131naraq Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sind\u0259ki 11 iqlim tipind\u0259n (V.V.Keppen\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259) 8-i burada oldu\u011fu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015fdir.[77] Respublikan\u0131n \u015fimal\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n v\u0259 \u015fimal-q\u0259rbd\u0259n c\u0259nub-\u015f\u0259rq\u0259 uzanan B\u00f6y\u00fck Qafqaz da\u011flar\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259razisinin b\u00f6y\u00fck hiss\u0259sini \u015fimaldan g\u0259l\u0259n soyuq hava k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259rinin birba\u015fa t\u0259sirind\u0259n qoruyur.[78] Bunun da n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 respublikan\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259r d\u00fcz\u0259nlik v\u0259 da\u011f\u0259t\u0259yi \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 subtropik iqlim formala\u015f\u0131r.[78] \u00d6lk\u0259nin d\u00fcz\u0259nlik v\u0259 da\u011f\u0259t\u0259yi \u0259razil\u0259ri g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bollu\u011fu il\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nir.[78] Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 iqlimin formala\u015fmas\u0131na arktik (Kara v\u0259 Skandinaviya antisiklonlar\u0131), m\u00fclayim enlikl\u0259rin soyuq kontinental (Sibir antisiklonu) v\u0259 d\u0259niz (Azor maksimumu), tropik enlikl\u0259rin isti hava k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259ri (subtropik antisiklon v\u0259 c\u0259nub siklonlar\u0131), M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yaranan antisiklon, h\u0259m\u00e7inin yerli atmosfer prosesl\u0259ri t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir.[78]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n orta q\u0131\u015f temperaturu 4 \u00b0C, orta yay temperaturu 26 \u00b0C t\u0259\u015fkil edir.[79] Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k temperatur 6 iyul 2000-ci ild\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van Muxtar Respublikas\u0131nda qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: 46 \u00b0C.[80]<\/p>\n

Biom\u00fcxt\u0259liflilik
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan floras\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan faunas\u0131, v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n daxili sular\u0131<\/p>\n

Qaraba\u011f at\u0131 \u2014 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Qaraba\u011f \u0259razisind\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f da\u011f-minik at cinsidir.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda 9 milli park, 11 d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259bi\u0259t qoru\u011fu v\u0259 24 d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259bi\u0259t yasaql\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir.[81] \u00dcmumilikd\u0259, x\u00fcsusi m\u00fchafiz\u0259 olunan t\u0259bi\u0259t \u0259razil\u0259ri \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259razisinin 10,3%-ini, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n milli parklar 3,7%-ini t\u0259\u015fkil edir.[81]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259bi\u0259tind\u0259 97 n\u00f6v m\u0259m\u0259li, 357 n\u00f6v qu\u015f, 67 n\u00f6v amfibi v\u0259 reptili, 1 n\u00f6v d\u0259yirmia\u011f\u0131z, 97 n\u00f6v bal\u0131q, 15 mind\u0259n \u00e7ox onur\u011fas\u0131z heyvan n\u00f6v\u00fc qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[82] Heyvan n\u00f6vl\u0259rinin respublika \u0259razisind\u0259 yay\u0131lma areal\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lifdir.[82] Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n “Q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kitab”\u0131na 108 n\u00f6v heyvan\u0131n ad\u0131 daxil edilmi\u015fdir.[82] Onlardan 14 n\u00f6v\u00fc m\u0259m\u0259li, 36 n\u00f6v\u00fc qu\u015f, 13 n\u00f6v\u00fc s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u0259n v\u0259 suda-quruda ya\u015fayan, 5 n\u00f6v\u00fc bal\u0131q, 40 n\u00f6v\u00fc h\u0259\u015f\u0259ratd\u0131r.[82] Respublikan\u0131n \u015firin sular\u0131nda v\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizind\u0259 30 n\u00f6v bal\u0131q ovlan\u0131r.[82] Bu bal\u0131qlar\u0131n \u00e7oxu K\u00fcr \u00e7ay\u0131nda, K\u00fcr\u00fcn \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 g\u00f6l v\u0259 axmazlarda, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Ming\u0259\u00e7evir su anbar\u0131nda tutulur.[82] Ovlanan bal\u0131qlar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259ri ke\u00e7ici v\u0259 yar\u0131mke\u00e7icidir (d\u0259nizd\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u00fcr, k\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7aylara ke\u00e7ir).[82]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259razisi z\u0259ngin floraya malikdir. Burada 4500-d\u0259n \u00e7ox \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kli, ali sortlu bitki n\u00f6v\u00fc yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[83] Az\u0259rbaycanda rast g\u0259l\u0259n bitki n\u00f6vl\u0259ri Qafqazda bit\u0259n bitki n\u00f6vl\u0259rinin \u00fcmumi miqdar\u0131n\u0131n 66%-ini t\u0259\u015fkil edir.[83] Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6vr\u0259 aid olan relikt cinsl\u0259rl\u0259 d\u0259 z\u0259ngindir ki, bunlar\u0131n da n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn zonalarda, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Tal\u0131\u015f zonas\u0131 \u0259razisind\u0259 daha \u00e7ox rast g\u0259linir.[83] Bunlardan d\u0259mira\u011fac, L\u0259nk\u0259ran akasiyas\u0131, \u015fabal\u0131dyarpaq pal\u0131d, big\u0259v\u0259r, \u015f\u00fcm\u015fad v\u0259 s. g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k olar.[83] Respublikada 240 endemik bitki n\u00f6v\u00fc m\u00f6vcuddur.[83]<\/p>\n

Hidroqrafik c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi h\u00f6vz\u0259sin\u0259 aiddir.[84] \u00d6lk\u0259nin hidroqrafik \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sinin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7aylar t\u0259\u015fkil edir.[84] Respublikan\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif uzunluqda 8359 \u00e7ay ax\u0131r.[84] Bunlardan 8188 \u00e7ay\u0131n h\u0259r birinin uzunlu\u011fu 25 km-d\u0259n azd\u0131r.[84] Uzunluqlar\u0131 100 km-d\u0259n \u00e7ox olan 24 \u00e7ay vard\u0131r.[84] Respublikan\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259n axan \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00e7aylar: K\u00fcr, Araz, Qan\u0131x\u00e7ay, Qab\u0131rr\u0131, Samur\u00e7ay, T\u0259rt\u0259r\u00e7ay, T\u00fcryan\u00e7ay, A\u011fstafa\u00e7ay, H\u0259k\u0259ri, B\u0259rg\u00fc\u015fad, Sumqay\u0131t\u00e7ay, Vil\u0259\u015f\u00e7ay v\u0259 s.[84]<\/p>\n

\u0130qtisadiyyat
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan iqtisadiyyat\u0131
\n\u0130qtisadiyyat tarixi<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131-Tbilisi-\u018frzurum Boru X\u0259ttinin x\u0259rit\u0259si
\nAz\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 1991-ci ild\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini b\u0259rpa etdikd\u0259n sonra iqtisadi sah\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z suveren h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil siyas\u0259t aparma\u011fa ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[85] Bu siyas\u0259tin ba\u015fl\u0131ca istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rini m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t formalar\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda yarad\u0131lan iqtisadi sistem, bazar iqtisadiyyat\u0131na ke\u00e7id v\u0259 d\u00fcnya iqtisadiyyat\u0131na inteqrasiya t\u0259\u015fkil etmi\u015fdir.[85] 1994-c\u00fc ild\u0259 imzalanan “\u018fsrin M\u00fcqavil\u0259si” il\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f Az\u0259rbaycanda s\u0259rmay\u0259 qoyulu\u015fu, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 enerji sektoruna xarici s\u0259rmay\u0259 investisiyalar\u0131 u\u011furlu \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 inki\u015faf edir.[41] 2003-c\u00fc ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n is\u0259 dig\u0259r sektorlara istiqam\u0259tl\u0259ndirilmi\u015f yerli v\u0259 xarici investisiyan\u0131n t\u0259\u015fviqi m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 inki\u015faf proqramlar\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015fland\u0131.[86] Az\u0259rbaycan 2010-cu ild\u0259 istehsal etdiyi 51,509 milyon AB\u015e dollar\u0131 h\u0259cmind\u0259 \u00dcDM-i il\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 188 \u00f6lk\u0259si aras\u0131nda 71-ci s\u0131rada yer alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[87]<\/p>\n

2010-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan orta g\u0259lirli \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrils\u0259 d\u0259, \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 qeyri-sabitlik, \u0259m\u0259k\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259sind\u0259n kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r istifad\u0259 olunmamas\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259si davam edir.[88] Haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycanda yoxsulluq v\u0259 korrupsiya \u00f6lk\u0259nin inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 davam edir.[44] 2016-c\u0131 ild\u0259 \u00dcDM-in t\u0259xmin\u0259n 45 faizini t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n enerji da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u0259ld\u0259 olunmu\u015f g\u0259lirl\u0259rin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259, b\u00fcdc\u0259 daxilolmalar\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan manat\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259z\u0259nn\u0259si, xarici valyuta ehtiyatlar\u0131 v\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015f balans\u0131 z\u0259rb\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259ruz qal\u0131b.[89] H\u0259min ilin sonunda Az\u0259rbaycan iqtisadiyyat perspektivi \u00fczr\u0259 Strateji Yol X\u0259rit\u0259sini haz\u0131rlay\u0131b.[90] Proqram\u0131n \u0259sas h\u0259d\u0259fi qeyri-neft sektorunu inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259kl\u0259 iqtisadiyat\u0131 \u015fax\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259kdir.[89]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Beyn\u0259lxalq Valyuta Fondu, Asiya \u0130nki\u015faf Bank\u0131 v\u0259 Avropa Yenid\u0259nqurma v\u0259 \u0130nki\u015faf Bank\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fcd\u00fcr.[13] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 SOCAR, Az\u0259rbaycan Hava Yollar\u0131, Az\u0259renerji, Az\u0259rsu, Azpetrol, Akkord, Azercell, Bakcell, Nar Mobile, Palmali Group v\u0259 Az\u0259rsun Holding aiddir.[91][92]<\/p>\n

\u0130xracat
\nHaz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycan xam neft, t\u0259bii qaz v\u0259 neft m\u0259hsullar\u0131 ixrac ed\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259dir.[93] 2015-ci ild\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 ixrac\u0131n h\u0259cmi 46,1 milyon neft ekvivalenti tonu t\u0259\u015fkil etmi\u015f, bunun 78,4 faizi xam neftin, 16,5 faizi t\u0259bii qaz\u0131n, 5,0 faizi neft m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n, 0,1 faizi is\u0259 elektrik enerjisinin pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.[93] T\u0259z\u0259 \u0259t (mal, toyuq v\u0259 qoyun \u0259ti) Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259n \u00e7ox istehsal edil\u0259n heyvandarl\u0131q m\u0259hsullar\u0131 olmaqla, d\u0259y\u0259r ifad\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259cmin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 ikinci yerd\u0259dir.[94] Bununla bel\u0259, bu m\u0259hsul yerli bazar\u0131n t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259mir v\u0259 onun ixrac\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259dir.[94] \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259n, \u0259sas\u0259n, emal edilmi\u015f v\u0259 konservl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f \u0259t m\u0259hsulu ixrac edilir.[94]<\/p>\n

AB\u015e M\u0259rk\u0259zi K\u0259\u015ffiyyat Agentliyinin h\u0259r il yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “The World Factbook” n\u0259\u015frinin hesabatlar\u0131na \u0259saslanaraq, 2010-cu il \u00fczr\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 194 \u00f6lk\u0259si aras\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ixracat reytinqi 64-c\u00fc s\u0131rada dayan\u0131r.[87]<\/p>\n

\u0130dxalat
\nAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n idxal etdiyi \u0259sas mallar ma\u015f\u0131n, avadanl\u0131qlar v\u0259 onlar\u0131n hiss\u0259l\u0259ri, mexanizm v\u0259 elektrik aparatlar\u0131d\u0131r.[95] \u0130dxalda \u0259sas yerl\u0259rd\u0259n birini qara metallar v\u0259 onlardan haz\u0131rlanan m\u0259mulatlar tutur.[95] Rusiya Az\u0259rbaycana \u0259n \u00e7ox mal idxal ed\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259dir.[95] Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t Statistika Komit\u0259sinin m\u0259lumatlar\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n, Rusiya Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n idxal etdiyi \u0259sas 10 m\u0259hsul \u00fczr\u0259 apar\u0131c\u0131 ixracat\u00e7\u0131 olub, Az\u0259rbaycanda bu m\u0259hsullara t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n 37 faizini \u00f6d\u0259yir.[94] O c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan siqaretin yar\u0131dan \u00e7oxunu, b\u0259rk bu\u011fda v\u0259 meslinin (bu\u011fda v\u0259 \u00e7ovdar\u0131n qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131) 50 faizind\u0259n \u00e7ox hiss\u0259sini Rusiyadan idxal edir.[94] \u00d6lk\u0259nin idxal etdiyi 10 \u0259sas m\u0259hsula olan t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n\u0131n 7 faizini is\u0259, \u0259sas\u0259n, regionun dig\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri \u00f6d\u0259yir.[95] \u0130dxalda \u0259sas \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r siyah\u0131s\u0131nda ikinci yeri T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 tutub v\u0259 ordan Az\u0259rbaycana 2015-ci ild\u0259 1 milyard 171 milyon 385,43 min dollarl\u0131q (\u00fcmumi idxalda pay\u0131 12,70%) mal idxal olunub. \u00dcmumi idxalda 9,19%-lik paya malik olan AB\u015e-dan \u00f6t\u0259n il Az\u0259rbaycana 847 milyon 389,38 min dollarl\u0131q mal g\u00f6nd\u0259rilib.[95] Az\u0259rbaycanda s\u00fcd emal\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259rinin say\u0131n\u0131n azl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, s\u0259naye t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259bii s\u00fcd xammal\u0131 istehsal\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259cmi d\u0259 laz\u0131mi s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck miqdarda s\u00fcd m\u0259hsullar\u0131 idxal edilir.[94]<\/p>\n

Turizm
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycanda turizm<\/p>\n

\u015eahda\u011f Turizm M\u0259rk\u0259zi
\n2016-c\u0131 ild\u0259 s\u0259yah\u0259t v\u0259 turizm s\u0259nayesinin Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u00fcmumi daxili m\u0259hsuluna (\u00dcDM) birba\u015fa t\u0259siri 1 milyard 437,3 milyon dollar, yaxud hesabat d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259ki \u00dcDM-in \u00fcmumi h\u0259cminin 4,1 faizi q\u0259d\u0259r olub.[96] \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, turizm v\u0259 s\u0259yah\u0259t s\u0259nayesinin m\u0259\u015f\u011fullu\u011fa tam t\u0259siri 2016-c\u0131 ild\u0259 609 min i\u015f yeri, yaxud \u0259halinin \u00fcmumi m\u0259\u015f\u011fullu\u011funun 13,2 faizi q\u0259d\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edib.[96]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycandan YUNESCO-nun \u00dcmumd\u00fcnya irsi obyektl\u0259rinin siyah\u0131s\u0131na \u015eirvan\u015fahlar Saray\u0131 v\u0259 Q\u0131z Qalas\u0131n\u0131n yerl\u0259\u015fdiyi \u0130\u00e7\u0259ri \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 Qobustan d\u00f6vl\u0259t tarixi-b\u0259dii qoru\u011fu daxil edilib.[97] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n populyar turist m\u0259kanlar\u0131ndan Bak\u0131 bulvar\u0131, F\u0259vvar\u0259l\u0259r meydan\u0131, At\u0259\u015fgah, Yanarda\u011f, \u015e\u0259ki xan saray\u0131, M\u00f6min\u0259 Xatun t\u00fcrb\u0259si, Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev M\u0259rk\u0259zi, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck xiz\u0259k kurortu olan \u015eahda\u011f Turizm M\u0259rk\u0259zini qeyd etm\u0259k olar.[98][99][100]<\/p>\n

Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin 1 sentyabr 2016-c\u0131 il tarixli “Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda turizmin inki\u015faf\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda” s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n Turizm \u015euras\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131b.[101] \u015eura turizm sah\u0259sinin inki\u015faf\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t v\u0259 Turizm Nazirliyi il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, dig\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda koordinasiya funksiyas\u0131n\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetirir.[101] 2016-c\u0131 ild\u0259n xarici turistl\u0259rin Az\u0259rbaycanda daha \u00e7ox al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015f etm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fcsb\u0259t t\u0259sir ed\u0259n “Tax free” sistemi t\u0259tbiq olunur.<\/p>\n

Elm v\u0259 texnologiya
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycanda telekommunikasiya, Az\u0259rbaycan Milli Aerokosmik Agentliyi, v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan ixtiralar\u0131 v\u0259 k\u0259\u015ffl\u0259ri<\/p>\n

\u015eamax\u0131 Astrofizika R\u0259s\u0259dxanas\u0131
\n21-ci \u0259srd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda neft v\u0259 qaz “bumu”, \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 elm v\u0259 texnologiya sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k etdi v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti modernl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259 v\u0259 innovasiya y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f kampaniyaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 2017-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan yeni iqtisadi model\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259kl\u0259, iqtisadiyyat\u0131n\u0131 ancaq islahatlar, innovasiyalar, texnologiyalar v\u0259 qeyri-neft sektoru hesab\u0131na inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k strategiyas\u0131na ba\u015flay\u0131b.[102]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda internet 1993-c\u00fc ild\u0259n inki\u015faf etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[103] \u0130lk sayt 1994-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131nda yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ilk d\u00f6vl\u0259t orqan\u0131n\u0131n sayt\u0131 is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Prezidentinin sayt\u0131 olmu\u015fdur v\u0259 1997-ci ild\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[103] 1993-c\u00fc ild\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259li milli .az domeninin inzibat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir.[103]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda radio yay\u0131m\u0131na ilk d\u0259f\u0259 1926-c\u0131 il noyabr\u0131n 6-da, televiziya yay\u0131m\u0131na is\u0259 1956-c\u0131 ilin fevral ay\u0131n\u0131n 14-d\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131l\u0131b.[104] Haz\u0131rda \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 \u0259hali ya\u015fayan \u0259razil\u0259rin 99.6%-i 10\u201312 TV proqramdan ibar\u0259t a\u00e7\u0131q paketli r\u0259q\u0259mli TV yay\u0131mla \u0259hat\u0259 edilib.[104] Bundan ba\u015fqa, G\u0259nc\u0259, Quba v\u0259 L\u0259nk\u0259ran rayonlar\u0131nda v\u0259 \u0259traf \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259ni\u015fli \u0259saslarla \u00e7oxproqraml\u0131 r\u0259q\u0259mli TV yay\u0131m xidm\u0259ti d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir.[104]<\/p>\n

D\u00f6vl\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 po\u00e7tun \u0259sas\u0131 1501-ci ild\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l X\u0259tai t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qoyulmu\u015fdur.[105] M\u00fcasir formada po\u00e7tun yaranmas\u0131 is\u0259 XIX \u0259srin 1-ci q\u0259rin\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir.[105] 1818-ci ild\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 ilk po\u00e7t kontoru a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[105] 1881-ci il dekabr\u0131n 6-da Bak\u0131da “Nobel qarda\u015flar\u0131” c\u0259miyy\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycanda ilk telefon x\u0259tti \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdir.[106] Haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00fc\u00e7 GSM operatoru f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir: Azercell, Bakcell v\u0259 Nar Mobile (Azerfon).[107]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Milli Aerokosmik Agentliyi (MAKA) Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n kosmik agentliyidir. Agentlik kosmik elm v\u0259 texnikan\u0131n nailiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n, aerokosmik sah\u0259l\u0259rin elm v\u0259 istehsal potensial\u0131ndan respublikan\u0131n xalq t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi namin\u0259 istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259si sah\u0259sind\u0259 milli siyas\u0259ti h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irir.[108] Agentlik 2013-c\u00fc il 8 fevral gec\u0259si kosmosa Azerspace-1 adl\u0131 ilk s\u00fcni peykini burax\u0131b.[109] Fransa Qvianas\u0131nda Kuru kosmodromundan realla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lan ucu\u015f gec\u0259 saat 01.36 v\u0259 02.20 aras\u0131nda ba\u015f verib.[110] Telekommunikasiya peyki olan Azerspace-1 s\u0259s, m\u0259lumat bazas\u0131, internet, TV v\u0259 radio yay\u0131m xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur.[111]<\/p>\n

\u0130nfrasruktur
\nN\u0259qliyyat
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycanda n\u0259qliyyat<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7\u0259ri\u015f\u0259h\u0259r metrostansiyas\u0131n\u0131n gec\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc
\nAz\u0259rbaycan 1997-ci ild\u0259n Avropada yol h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tinin \u00fcmumi qaydalar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik normalar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259n Beyn\u0259lxalq Vyana Konvensiyas\u0131na qo\u015fulub. Az\u0259rbaycanda avtomobil yollar\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olan b\u00fct\u00fcn yol \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sini \u0259hat\u0259 edir.[112] 2015-ci ilin m\u0259lumat\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n, Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00fcmumi istifad\u0259d\u0259 olan avtomobil yollar\u0131n\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu 19 002 kilometr t\u0259\u015fkil edir, onun 4 645 kilometri respublika \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli, 14 357 kilometri yerli \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tlidir.[112] Bu yollarda \u00fcmumi say\u0131 1463-\u0259 yax\u0131n 50 652 poqon metr uzunlu\u011funda k\u00f6rp\u00fcl\u0259r var.[112] Avtomobil n\u0259qliyyat\u0131n\u0131 idar\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 N\u0259qliyyat Nazirliyinin t\u0259rkibind\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq olaraq “Avton\u0259qliyyatservis” v\u0259 “Yoln\u0259qliyyatservis” departamentl\u0259ri yarad\u0131l\u0131b.[112]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda xidm\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n 7 beyn\u0259lxalq hava liman\u0131 var.[13][112] Onlardan \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u00fc Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev ad\u0131na Beyn\u0259lxalq Hava Liman\u0131 Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n 20 kilometr \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259si 2008-ci v\u0259 2009-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 istismara verilmi\u015f iki \u0259n m\u00fcasir avtostrada il\u0259 t\u0259min edilir.[112] AZAL v\u0259 onun struktur b\u00f6lm\u0259sin\u0259 aid olan Buta Airways milli bayraq da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n qeydiyyat liman\u0131d\u0131r.[112] Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 \u0259razisind\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n dig\u0259r hava limanlar\u0131 G\u0259nc\u0259, L\u0259nk\u0259ran, Nax\u00e7\u0131van, Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259 v\u0259 Zaqatala \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir.[112]<\/p>\n

1878-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda ilk d\u0259mir yolunun \u00e7\u0259kili\u015fin\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131l\u0131b v\u0259 1880-ci ilin 20 yanvar tarixind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t D\u0259mir Yolu yarad\u0131l\u0131b.[112] Haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycan d\u0259mir yollar\u0131 Bak\u0131dan T\u00fcmen, Rostov, Xarkov, Kiyev, Sankt-Peterburq, Moskva, Maha\u00e7qala kimi istiqam\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 gedi\u015f-g\u0259li\u015f h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irir.[112] 2017-ci il oktyabr\u0131n 28-d\u0259 Bak\u0131-Tbilisi-Qars d\u0259miryolu x\u0259ttinin r\u0259smi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f m\u0259rasimi ke\u00e7irilib.[113]<\/p>\n

1967-ci il noyabr\u0131n 6-da istismara verilmi\u015f Bak\u0131 metropoliteni Az\u0259rbaycanda yeralt\u0131 d\u0259miryol x\u0259tl\u0259rini birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n ictimai \u015f\u0259h\u0259r s\u0259rni\u015fin n\u0259qliyyat\u0131 sistemidir.[112] Bak\u0131 Metropoliteninin haz\u0131rda 25 stansiyas\u0131, 1 elektrik deposu v\u0259 36,6 kilometr uzunlu\u011funda 3 x\u0259tti var.[112]<\/p>\n

Enerji
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycanda enerji v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda neft s\u0259nayesi<\/p>\n

XIX \u0259srin sonunda Bak\u0131da Qara \u015e\u0259h\u0259r.
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda neft bumu XIX \u0259srin sonu \u2013 XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Rot\u015fild v\u0259 Nobel qarda\u015flar\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Rusiya imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n neft s\u0259naye\u00e7il\u0259ri Bak\u0131 nefti say\u0259sind\u0259 inki\u015faf edirdi.[114] Sonra is\u0259 neft yataqlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 hasilat\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 Moskvada oturan Partiya funksionerl\u0259ri r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edirdil\u0259r.[114] Yaln\u0131z 1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259rin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fcst\u0259qillik qazand\u0131qdan sonra az\u04d9rbaycanl\u0131lar \u00f6z t\u0259bii ehtiyatlar\u0131na sahib \u00e7\u0131xa bildil\u0259r.[114]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan 7 milyard barel h\u0259cmind\u0259 k\u0259\u015ff edilmi\u015f neft ehtiyatlar\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 19-cu, neft hasilat\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259cmin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n 23-c\u00fc \u00f6lk\u0259sidir.[87] Az\u0259rbaycan 849,5 milyard m\u00b3 h\u0259cmind\u0259 k\u0259\u015ff edilmi\u015f qaz ehtiyatlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnyada 28-ci \u00f6lk\u0259dir.[87] 2015-ci ild\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 \u00fcmumi istehsal h\u0259cmi 69,8 milyon neft ekvivalenti tonu olan enerji m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n 87,5 faizini ilkin enerji m\u0259hsullar\u0131, 9,2 faizini neft emal\u0131 m\u0259hsullar\u0131, 3,3 faizini istilik v\u0259 elektrik enerjisi t\u0259\u015fkil etmi\u015fdir.[93] Transformasiya sektorunun prosesl\u0259rind\u0259 elektrik v\u0259 istilik enerjisinin istehsal\u0131na s\u0259rf olunan yanacaq \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 onun 92,9 faizini t\u0259bii qaz, 7,0 faizini mazut v\u0259 0,1 faizini is\u0259 dizel yanaca\u011flar\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil etmi\u015fdir.[93] Son istehlak\u0131n 37,7 faizi ev t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfatlar\u0131n\u0131n, 26,6 faizi n\u0259qliyyat\u0131n, 23,1 faizi s\u0259naye v\u0259 tikintinin, 12,6 faizi is\u0259 iqtisadiyyatinin dig\u0259r sah\u0259l\u0259rinin pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.[93] \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 alternativ v\u0259 b\u0259rpa olunan enerji sah\u0259sind\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 sisteminin t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Prezidentinin 1 fevral 2013-c\u00fc il tarixli F\u0259rman\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Alternativ v\u0259 B\u0259rpa Olunan Enerji M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Agentliyi yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[115] 2017-ci ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da Az\u0259ri-\u00c7\u0131raq-G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fli blokunun 2050-ci il\u0259d\u0259k i\u015fl\u0259nilm\u0259sin\u0259 dair m\u00fcqavil\u0259 imzalanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[116]<\/p>\n

Demoqrafiya
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259halisi v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n etnik azl\u0131qlar\u0131ndan biri olan molokanlar.
\n2017-ci ilin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259halisinin say\u0131 9,810,000 olmu\u015fdur.[117] \u018fhalinin 53%-i \u015f\u0259h\u0259r, 47%-i k\u0259nd yerl\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131r.[117] \u018fhalinin 49,9%-i ki\u015fil\u0259rd\u0259n, 50,1%-i faizi is\u0259 qad\u0131nlardan ibar\u0259tdir.[117] Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259halisinin 90,6%-i az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131d\u0131r.[1]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda milli azl\u0131qlar \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259halisinin 9,4%-ni t\u0259\u015fkil edir.[1] Yerli xalqlardan \u0259n \u00e7ox \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259nl\u0259r l\u0259zgil\u0259r, erm\u0259nil\u0259r, ruslar v\u0259 tal\u0131\u015flar, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 avarlar kimi ki\u00e7ik etnik qruplard\u0131r.[117] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck hiss\u0259si \u00f6lk\u0259ni multikultural d\u00f6vl\u0259t kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcr.[118]<\/p>\n

1994-c\u00fc ilin fevral\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n prezidenti Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tin\u0259 s\u0259f\u0259ri zaman\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri xarakteriz\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn “Bir mill\u0259t, iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t” konsepsiyas\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[119] 1995-ci ild\u0259 q\u0259bul olunmu\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Konstitusiyas\u0131 m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yind\u0259n, irqind\u0259n, dinind\u0259n v\u0259 dilind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq h\u0259r k\u0259sin h\u00fcquq v\u0259 azadl\u0131qlar\u0131na h\u00f6rm\u0259ti t\u0259min edir.[1] Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n suverenliyi haqq\u0131nda Konstitusiya akt\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Qanun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u0259rab\u0259r oldu\u011funu t\u0259sdiq edir.[1] 2001-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Avropa \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n Regional v\u0259 ya azl\u0131q dill\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda Avropa Xartiyas\u0131n\u0131 imzalam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[1] 2016-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Prezidenti \u0130lham \u018fliyev “Multikulturalizm ili” elan edilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda s\u0259r\u0259ncam imzalam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[120]<\/p>\n

M\u00fcxt\u0259lif milli azl\u0131qlar\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131nda geni\u015f t\u0259msil olunmu\u015flar.[1] Milli azl\u0131qlar\u0131n s\u0131x ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 yerli \u0259halinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri yerli hakimiyy\u0259t orqanlar\u0131nda r\u0259hb\u0259r v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259ri tutur.[1] Milli azl\u0131qlara m\u0259nsub \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Prezidentinin \u0130cra Aparat\u0131nda, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Milli M\u0259clisi, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Nazirl\u0259r Kabineti, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Konstitusiya M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259si, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Se\u00e7ki Komissiyas\u0131, h\u00fcquq-m\u00fchafiz\u0259 orqanlar\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.[1] Milli azl\u0131qlar\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri Milli M\u0259clisin b\u0259zi daimi komissiyalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri v\u0259 ya s\u0259dr m\u00fcavini v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.[1]<\/p>\n

Milli azl\u0131q[1]\tSay\u0131[1]\tDili[1]\tS\u0131x ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259razi[1]
\nL\u0259zgil\u0259r\t178000\tQafqaz\u0131n Nax-Da\u011f\u0131stan dill\u0259rin\u0259 aid olan l\u0259zgi dili, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 rus dill\u0259ri\tAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fimal b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri
\nRuslar
\nMolokanlar
\n141700\tHind-Avropa dill\u0259rinin Slavyan dill\u0259ri qoluna aid olan rus dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili\tS\u0259naye \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri
\nErm\u0259nil\u0259r\t120700\tHind-Avropa dill\u0259rinin erm\u0259ni qoluna aid olan erm\u0259ni dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili\tDa\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f, Bak\u0131
\nTal\u0131\u015flar\t76800\tHind-Avropa dill\u0259rinin ail\u0259sinin Hind-\u0130ran dill\u0259ri qoluna aid olan tal\u0131\u015f dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili\tAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n c\u0259nub b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri
\nAvarlar\t50900\tQafqaz\u0131n Nax-Da\u011f\u0131stan dill\u0259rin\u0259 aid olan avar dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili\tAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fimal b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri
\nAx\u0131sqa t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri \/ Mesxeti t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri\t43400\tT\u00fcrk dill\u0259rinin o\u011fuz qoluna aid olan t\u00fcrk (Anadolu t\u00fcrkc\u0259si) v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan (Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259si) dill\u0259ri\tAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fimal v\u0259 aran b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259r
\nTatarlar\t30000\tT\u00fcrk dill\u0259rinin q\u0131p\u00e7aq qoluna aid olan tatar dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 rus dili\tAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri, \u0259sas\u0259n Bak\u0131
\nUkraynal\u0131lar\t29000\tHind-Avropa dil\u0259rinin Slavyan dill\u0259ri qoluna aid olan ukray\u0131n dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 rus dill\u0259ri\tBak\u0131
\nSaxurlar\t15900\tQafqaz\u0131n Nax-Da\u011f\u0131stan dill\u0259rin\u0259 aid olan saxur dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili\tZaqatala rayonu
\nG\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r (\u0130ngiloylar)\t14900\tQafqaz\u0131n Kartvel dill\u0259rin\u0259 aid olan g\u00fcrc\u00fc dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili\tQax rayonu
\nK\u00fcrdl\u0259r\t13100\tHind-Avropa dill\u0259rinin Hind-\u0130ran dill\u0259ri qoluna aid olan k\u00fcrd dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 (haz\u0131rda \u0259sas\u0259n) Az\u0259rbaycan dili\tErm\u0259nistanla silahl\u0131 m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259d\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l La\u00e7\u0131n, K\u0259lb\u0259c\u0259r, Qubadl\u0131 v\u0259 Z\u0259ngilan rayonlar\u0131nda s\u0131x ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131rlar. Bu \u0259razil\u0259rin i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 ba\u015fqa rayonlara m\u0259cburi olaraq k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r.
\nTatlar\t10900\tHind-Avropa dill\u0259rinin Hind-\u0130ran dill\u0259ri qoluna aid olan tat dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili\tAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fimal b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri
\nY\u0259hudil\u0259r:
\nDa\u011f y\u0259hudil\u0259ri
\nAvropa (\u018f\u015fkinazi) y\u0259hudil\u0259ri
\nG\u00fcrc\u00fc y\u0259hudil\u0259ri
\n8900\tAfro-Asiya dill\u0259rinin Semit (Sami) dill\u0259ri qoluna daxil olan y\u0259hudi dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili
\nTat dilinin x\u00fcsusi dialekti say\u0131lan Da\u011f y\u0259hudil\u0259ri (Cuhuri) dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili
\nQuba rayonu (Q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Q\u0259s\u0259b\u0259) v\u0259 Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri
\nUdil\u0259r\t4100\tQafqaz\u0131n Nax-Da\u011f\u0131stan dill\u0259rin\u0259 aid olan udi dili, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dili\tAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fimal b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri; x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259 rayonu (Nic k\u0259ndi) v\u0259 O\u011fuz \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri
\nDemoqrafik qurulu\u015fdak\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r bir ne\u00e7\u0259 sosial n\u0259tic\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur.[121] X\u00fcsus\u0259n 1991-ci ild\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 miqrasiya saldosu m\u0259nfi xarakter da\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015fd\u0131r, \u0259hali \u0259sas\u0259n “qastarbayter” kimi Rusiyaya emiqrasiya etmi\u015fdir.[121] Haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259sas\u0259n daxili miqrasiya m\u00f6vcuddur.[121] Bel\u0259 ki, son d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259halinin intensiv olaraq Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259, onun \u0259traf\u0131nda v\u0259 Ab\u015feron yar\u0131madas\u0131n\u0131n dig\u0259r m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 c\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259si davam edir.[121] 2000-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda neft hasilat\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 ixracat\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015fla artmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin milli g\u0259liri d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 artm\u0131\u015f, buna uy\u011fun olaraq \u0259halinin g\u0259lirl\u0259ri d\u0259 xeyli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259lmi\u015fdir[122].<\/p>\n

BMT \u0130nki\u015faf Proqram\u0131n\u0131n (UNDP) h\u0259r il n\u0259\u015fr etdiyi “\u0130nsan \u0130nki\u015faf\u0131 Hesabat\u0131” \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259rtib edil\u0259n \u0130nsan \u0130nki\u015faf\u0131 \u0130ndeksinint\u0259hlili g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, Az\u0259rbaycan 2011-ci ild\u0259 \u0130nsan \u0130nki\u015faf\u0131 \u0130ndeksin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 187 \u00f6lk\u0259 aras\u0131nda 91-ci, H\u0259yat Keyfiyy\u0259ti \u0130ndeksi il\u0259 111 \u00f6lk\u0259 aras\u0131nda 86-c\u0131 yerd\u0259dir.[87] 2016-c\u0131 ild\u0259 “Mercer Human Resource Consulting” beyn\u0259lxalq konsaltinq \u015firk\u0259tinin ara\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131nda, n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lum olub ki, bahal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, 214 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r aras\u0131nda Bak\u0131 172-ci yerd\u0259dir.[123] 2012-ci ild\u0259n f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n ASAN xidm\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri \u2014 d\u00f6vl\u0259t orqanlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259n xidm\u0259tl\u0259rin vahid v\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirilmi\u015f formada h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sini t\u0259min edir.[124]<\/p>\n

b\u2022m\u2022r
\n\u018fn b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259r (Az\u0259rbaycan)
\n2017-ci ilin siyah\u0131yaal\u0131nmas\u0131
\nYer\tAd\tRayon\t\u018fha.\tYer\tAd\tRayon\t\u018fha.
\nBak\u0131
\nBak\u0131
\nSumqay\u0131t
\nSumqay\u0131t\t1\tBak\u0131\tBak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t2.245.800\t11\tXank\u0259ndi\tXank\u0259ndi \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t55.700\tG\u0259nc\u0259
\nG\u0259nc\u0259
\nMing\u0259\u00e7evir
\nMing\u0259\u00e7evir
\n2\tSumqay\u0131t\tSumqay\u0131t \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t339.000\t12\tC\u0259lilabad\tC\u0259lilabad rayonu\t45.900
\n3\tG\u0259nc\u0259\tG\u0259nc\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t331.400\t13\t\u015e\u0259mkir\t\u015e\u0259mkir rayonu\t42.300
\n4\tMing\u0259\u00e7evir\tMing\u0259\u00e7evir \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t103.200\t14\tXa\u00e7maz\tXa\u00e7maz rayonu\t41.600
\n5\tX\u0131rdalan\tAb\u015feron rayonu\t98.100\t15\tA\u011fcab\u0259di\tA\u011fcab\u0259di rayonu\t40.800
\n6\tL\u0259nk\u0259ran\tL\u0259nk\u0259ran \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t87.800\t16\tB\u0259rd\u0259\tB\u0259rd\u0259 rayonu\t39.800
\n7\t\u015eirvan\t\u015eirvan \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t85.000\t17\tSalyan\tSalyan rayonu\t38.200
\n8\tNax\u00e7\u0131van\tNax\u00e7\u0131van \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t81.800\t18\tG\u00f6y\u00e7ay\tG\u00f6y\u00e7ay rayonu\t36.800
\n9\tYevlax\tYevlax \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t68.400\t19\t\u0130mi\u015fli\t\u0130mi\u015fli rayonu\t35.200
\n10\t\u015e\u0259ki\t\u015e\u0259ki \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri\t67.400\t20\tA\u011fda\u015f\tA\u011fda\u015f rayonu\t31.900
\nDin
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycanda din<\/p>\n

G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259ki \u0130mamzad\u0259 t\u00fcrb\u0259sinin tavan\u0131
\nAz\u0259rbaycan konstitusiyas\u0131n\u0131n 48-ci madd\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda h\u0259r k\u0259s ist\u0259diyi din\u0259 etiqad etm\u0259kd\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259stdir.[125][126] 2015-ci ilin statistik t\u0259xminl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycanda ya\u015fayan \u0259halinin 93.4%-i m\u00fcs\u0259lman, 3.1 %-i xristian, 3 % is\u0259 h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir din\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 deyildir.[127] Yerd\u0259 qalan 0.5 %-\u0259 is\u0259 dig\u0259r dinin m\u0259nsublar\u0131 aiddir.[127] Az\u0259rbaycanda 28-i qeyri-islam olmaqla 784 dini icma f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir.[128]<\/p>\n

M\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisinin 65 faizi \u015fi\u0259, 35 faizi is\u0259 s\u00fcnnil\u0259rdir.[129] Xristianlar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti rus pravoslavlar\u0131d\u0131r.[129] Xristianlar Bak\u0131 v\u0259 bir s\u0131ra dig\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 c\u0259m hal\u0131nda ya\u015fay\u0131rlar. \u00d6lk\u0259nin 20000 n\u0259f\u0259rlik y\u0259hudi icmas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck hiss\u0259si Bak\u0131da ya\u015fay\u0131r.[129] Qubada v\u0259 ba\u015fqa \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 ki\u00e7ik icmalar m\u00f6vcuddur.[129]<\/p>\n

\u015ei\u0259l\u0259r, s\u00fcnnil\u0259r, rus pravoslavlar\u0131 v\u0259 y\u0259hudil\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259nin \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi dini qruplar\u0131 hesab olunurlar.[129] L\u00fcteranlar\u0131n, roma katolikl\u0259rinin, baptistl\u0259rin, molokanlar\u0131n, yeddinci g\u00fcn\u00fcn adventistl\u0259rinin v\u0259 b\u0259hail\u0259rin ki\u00e7ik icmalar\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 y\u00fcz ild\u0259n art\u0131qd\u0131r ki m\u00f6vcuddur.[129] 1991-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fcst\u0259qillik \u0259ld\u0259 edildikd\u0259n b\u0259ri “v\u0259hhabi” v\u0259 s\u0259l\u0259fi m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar, \u0259llincil\u0259r v\u0259 dig\u0259r yevangelist xristianlar, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Yehovan\u0131n \u015eahidl\u0259ri v\u0259 Hari Kri\u015fna kimi h\u00f6kum\u0259tin \u0259cn\u0259bi v\u0259 ya \u201cqeyri-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi\u201d icma kimi hesab etdiyi dini qruplar yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[129]<\/p>\n

Dil
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan dili
\nAz\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259smi d\u00f6vl\u0259t dili \u2014 Az\u0259rbaycan dilidir.[130] Az\u0259rbaycan dili geneoloji t\u0259snifata g\u00f6r\u0259 t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259n biri olub, h\u0259min dil ail\u0259sinin o\u011fuz qoluna daxildir v\u0259 \u0259n yax\u0131n qohumlar\u0131 olan t\u00fcrk, t\u00fcrkm\u0259n v\u0259 qaqauz dill\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u0259razi prinsipin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 t\u00fcrk dill\u0259ri areal\u0131n\u0131n c\u0259nub-q\u0259rb qrupunu t\u0259\u015fkil edirl\u0259r.[130] Az\u0259rbaycan yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u0259d\u0259bi dilinin tarixi is\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259lik \u0259ld\u0259 olan materiallara g\u00f6r\u0259 XIII \u0259srd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r.[130]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin fonem t\u0259rkibind\u0259 15 sait v\u0259 25 samit vard\u0131r. Bu 40 fonem Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259lifbas\u0131nda 32 h\u0259rfl\u0259 i\u015far\u0259 edilir.[130] Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin morfoloji qurulu\u015funa \u0259sas (isim, sif\u0259t, say, \u0259v\u0259zlik, z\u0259rf, fel) v\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i (qo\u015fma, ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131, \u0259dat, modal s\u00f6zl\u0259r, nida) nitq hiss\u0259l\u0259ri daxildir. Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 ismin 6 hal\u0131 (adl\u0131q, yiy\u0259lik, y\u00f6nl\u00fck, t\u0259sirlik, yerlik, \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015fl\u0131q), felin 5 (\u015f\u00fchudi ke\u00e7mi\u015f, n\u0259qli ke\u00e7mi\u015f, indiki, q\u0259ti g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k, qeyri-q\u0259ti g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k) zaman\u0131 var.[130] Felin \u015f\u0259kil kateqoriyas\u0131 6 forman\u0131 (\u0259mr, arzu, \u015f\u0259rt, vacib, laz\u0131m, x\u0259b\u0259r) \u0259hat\u0259 edir.[130] Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin dialekt v\u0259 \u015fiv\u0259l\u0259ri d\u00f6rd qrupdan ibar\u0259tdir.[130]<\/p>\n

Haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycanda lat\u0131n qrafikas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259lifbas\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 edilir.[130] D\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 \u00f6z\u0259l m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259rsl\u0259r az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 ke\u00e7irilir, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259, ingilis v\u0259 rus dili t\u0259dris olunur.[131]<\/p>\n

T\u0259hsil
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycanda t\u0259hsil<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Milli Kitabxanas\u0131n\u0131n Foyesi
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda \u00fcmumi orta m\u0259kt\u0259b t\u0259hsili \u00fc\u00e7 pill\u0259d\u0259n \u2013 ibtidai, \u00fcmumi orta v\u0259 tam orta t\u0259hsild\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir v\u0259 \u00fcmumi orta m\u0259kt\u0259b t\u0259hsili alt\u0131 ya\u015fdan ba\u015flan\u0131r.[132] \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 4481 \u00fcmumt\u0259hsil m\u0259kt\u0259bi, 107 pe\u015f\u0259 ixtisas t\u0259hsili m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259ri, 61 orta ixtisas m\u0259kt\u0259bi v\u0259 53 ali m\u0259kt\u0259bi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir.[133][134] Az\u0259rbaycanda 15 v\u0259 yuxar\u0131 ya\u015f aras\u0131nda olan \u0259halinin savadl\u0131l\u0131q d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si 99,8 faizdir.[135]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur universitetl\u0259ri X\u0259z\u0259r Universiteti, Az\u0259rbaycan D\u00f6vl\u0259t Neft v\u0259 S\u0259naye Universiteti, Bak\u0131 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Universiteti v\u0259 ADA Universitetidir.[136] BMT-nin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “\u0130nsan inki\u015faf\u0131 hesabat\u0131 2014”-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan insan inki\u015faf\u0131 indeksin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 187 \u00f6lk\u0259 aras\u0131nda 76-c\u0131 yeri tutub.[135]<\/p>\n

S\u0259hiyy\u0259
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycanda s\u0259hiyy\u0259
\n2005-ci ild\u0259 AMEA \u018flyazmalar \u0130nstitutunda saxlan\u0131lan T\u0259bab\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259cza\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q i\u015fi \u00fczr\u0259 orta \u0259sr \u0259lyazmalar\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc \u2014 \u0130bn Sinan\u0131n “Tibb elminin qanunu” \u0259s\u0259ri (II cild), R\u00fcst\u0259m Curcaninin “Nizam\u015fah\u0131n ehtiyatlar\u0131” \u0259s\u0259ri, \u018fbu \u018fl-Qas\u0131m \u018fl-Z\u0259hr\u0259vinin “\u018fl-M\u0259qal\u0259 \u0259s-S\u0259l\u0259sun” \u0259s\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycanda YUNESCO-un D\u00fcnya S\u0259n\u0259d \u0130rsi “D\u00fcnyan\u0131n yadda\u015f\u0131” siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilib.[137]<\/p>\n

2016-c\u0131 ild\u0259 BMT r\u0259smisinin bildirm\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycanda ki\u015fil\u0259rin orta \u00f6mr\u00fc 69.6, qad\u0131nlarda is\u0259 t\u0259qrib\u0259n 76 ildir.[138] 2016-c\u0131 ilin \u0259vv\u0259lin\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 32,5 min h\u0259kim v\u0259 54,9 min orta tibb i\u015f\u00e7isi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 559 x\u0259st\u0259xana, 1750 ambulator-poliklinika, 79 t\u0259cili tibbi yard\u0131m stansiyas\u0131 (\u015f\u00f6b\u0259si), 137 qad\u0131n m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259txanas\u0131, 250 u\u015faq poliklinika v\u0259 ambulatoriyalar\u0131, 68 sanatoriya-istirah\u0259t m\u00fc\u0259ssi-s\u0259l\u0259ri f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir.[139]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda sa\u011flaml\u0131q xidm\u0259ti milli v\u0259 yerli h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259min edilir.[140] \u00d6d\u0259ni\u015fli \u015f\u0259xsi tibbi xidm\u0259t d\u0259 t\u0259klif olunur.[140] S\u0131\u011fortas\u0131 olmayan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r i\u015f\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259nl\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 yerli h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunan milli sa\u011flaml\u0131q-s\u0131\u011forta proqram\u0131nda i\u015ftirak ed\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r. X\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r ist\u0259dikl\u0259ri h\u0259kimi v\u0259 ya sa\u011flaml\u0131q m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259sini se\u00e7m\u0259kd\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259stdirl\u0259r.[140]<\/p>\n

M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan milli geyiml\u0259rind\u0259n biri
\nAz\u0259rbaycanda m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin inki\u015faf\u0131na tarix\u0259n regionda ba\u015f ver\u0259n siyasi v\u0259 h\u0259rbi hadis\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015e\u0259rql\u0259 Q\u0259rbi birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n \u0259razid\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si t\u0259sir edib. Az\u0259rbaycandan YUNESCO-nun qeyri-maddi m\u0259d\u0259ni irs siyah\u0131s\u0131na mu\u011fam, a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti, Novruz bayram\u0131, xal\u00e7a toxuculu\u011fu \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi s\u0259n\u0259ti, tar ifa\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti, Qaraba\u011f at\u0131 il\u0259 oynan\u0131lan \u00e7ovqan oyunu, k\u0259la\u011fay\u0131, Lah\u0131c misg\u0259rlik s\u0259n\u0259ti, lava\u015f bi\u015firm\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259si daxil edilib.[141]<\/p>\n

\u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259ti, Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131, v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan milli geyiml\u0259ri
\nAz\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 \u0259n q\u0259dim maddi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri e.\u0259. VIII minilliy\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir.[142] T\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tin \u0259n q\u0259dim n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda e.\u0259. VIII-V \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259n qalm\u0131\u015f Qobustan qaya t\u0259svirl\u0259ri, K\u0259lb\u0259c\u0259r rayonunun Zalxa g\u00f6l\u00fc \u0259traf\u0131nda Ay\u0131\u00e7\u0131nq\u0131l\u0131 v\u0259 P\u0259ri\u00e7\u0131nq\u0131l da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 Tunc d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131na (e.\u0259. 3-c\u00fc minillik) aid r\u0259sml\u0259r, Ordubad \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n \u015fimalda G\u0259miqaya da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 qaya\u00fcst\u00fc t\u0259svirl\u0259r m\u00fcst\u0259sna \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malikdir.[142]<\/p>\n

XIII-XIV \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Mara\u011fa, T\u0259briz v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ba\u015fqa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 x\u0259ttatl\u0131q v\u0259 miniat\u00fcr s\u0259n\u0259ti s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 inki\u015faf etmi\u015f, T\u0259briz \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 b\u0259dii yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, kitab s\u0259n\u0259ti, kalliqrafiya v\u0259 miniat\u00fcr boyakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n q\u00fcdr\u0259tli m\u0259rk\u0259zin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi.[142] XIX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fimal\u0131n\u0131n Rusiyaya birl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259 realist t\u0259may\u00fcll\u0259r getdikc\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259nir, b\u0259dii yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeni n\u00f6v v\u0259 janrlar\u0131 meydana g\u0259lir. “Molla N\u0259sr\u0259ddin” v\u0259 dig\u0259r jurnallar\u0131n, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 kitab n\u0259\u015fri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 satirik qrafika v\u0259 ill\u00fcstrasiya janralar\u0131 yaran\u0131r.[143] “Molla N\u0259sr\u0259ddin” jurnal\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259ssam\u0131 \u018fzim \u018fzimzad\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn ictimai-siyasi probleml\u0259ri il\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259\u015f\u0259n realist qrafika s\u0259n\u0259ti sah\u0259sind\u0259 geni\u015f f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirl\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan satirik qrafikas\u0131n\u0131n banisi \u018fzimzad\u0259 ictimai b\u0259rabirsizliyi, c\u0259hal\u0259ti, fanatizmi, \u00e7arizm z\u00fclm\u00fcn\u00fc if\u015fa ed\u0259n k\u0259skin karikaturalar, \u015farjlar yarad\u0131r.[143] M\u00fcasir satirik qrafikan\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n “Kirpi” jurnal\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259tinin elm sah\u0259si kimi \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259si v\u0259 professional r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fcasir inki\u015faf\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n xalq r\u0259ssam\u0131 L\u0259tif K\u0259rimovun ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u0259rq, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131 v\u0259 dekorativ \u2013 t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259tinin mahir bilicisi, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli ornamentalist \u2013 r\u0259ssam, t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131 alim kimi tan\u0131nan L.K\u0259rimov uzun ill\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259dqiq etmi\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan dekorativ s\u0259n\u0259tini yeni ornamentl\u0259rl\u0259 z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015f, \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi b\u0259z\u0259k elementl\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda yeni dekorativ motivl\u0259r yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 2010-cu ilin noyabr ay\u0131nda UNESCO-nun “Qeyri-maddi M\u0259d\u0259ni \u0130rs” siyah\u0131s\u0131na sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[144][145]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti il\u0259 Avropa m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259siri \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r do\u011furmu\u015fdur. B\u0259hruz K\u0259ng\u0259rli \u018fzim \u018fzimzad\u0259 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Sovet Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259tinin t\u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rini atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. XX \u0259srd\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259ssamlar\u0131 Tahir Salahov, S\u0259ttar B\u0259hlulzad\u0259, Mikay\u0131l Abdullayev, Vidadi N\u0259rimanb\u0259yov, Rasim Babayev, Q\u0259z\u0259nf\u0259r Xal\u0131qov v\u0259 To\u011frul N\u0259rimanb\u0259yov idi.[146]<\/p>\n

\u018fd\u0259biyyat
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan folkloru<\/p>\n

Nizami ad\u0131na \u018fd\u0259biyyat Muzeyinin binas\u0131n\u0131n p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259sind\u0259 \u0130mad\u0259ddin N\u0259simi r\u0259smi
\nAz\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n q\u0259dim n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ft pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r\u0259 aid edil\u0259n “Avesta” kitab\u0131 v\u0259 Kitabi-D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud dastan\u0131d\u0131r. Orta \u0259srl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rolu \u0130zz\u0259ddin H\u0259s\u0259no\u011flu, \u0130mad\u0259ddin N\u0259simi, Qazi B\u00fcrhan\u0259ddin, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d F\u00fczuli v\u0259 Nizami G\u0259nc\u0259vi oynam\u0131\u015flar. Orta \u0259srl\u0259rin dig\u0259r parlaq simalar\u0131ndan Molla V\u0259li Vidadini v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda realizmin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoyan Molla P\u0259nah Vaqifi qeyd etm\u0259k olar. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan a\u015f\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259tinin mahir icra\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na A\u015f\u0131q Qurbani, Sar\u0131 A\u015f\u0131q, X\u0259st\u0259 Qas\u0131m, A\u015f\u0131q Abbas Tufarqanl\u0131, A\u015f\u0131q Valeh, A\u015f\u0131q \u018fl\u0259sg\u0259r v\u0259 s. a\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131 misal \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n

XIX \u0259srd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 Q\u0259rb \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na inteqrasiya etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir, Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani, Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259van, Abbasqulu a\u011fa Bak\u0131xanov, Mirz\u0259 \u015e\u0259fi Vazeh, \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131, C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259 kimi \u015fair v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar yeti\u015fdi. XIX \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundzad\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 6 komediya (“Hekay\u0259ti Molla \u0130brahim-X\u0259lil Kimyag\u0259r”, “Hekay\u0259ti M\u00fcsy\u00f6 Jordan H\u0259kimi-N\u0259batat”, “D\u0259rvi\u015f M\u0259st\u0259li \u015eah Cad\u00fckuni M\u0259\u015fhur”, “S\u0259rg\u00fcz\u0259\u015fti-v\u0259ziri-xani-L\u0259nk\u0259ran”, “Hekay\u0259ti X\u0131rsi-Quldurbasan”, “S\u0259rg\u00fcz\u0259\u015fti M\u0259rdi-X\u0259sis” v\u0259 “M\u00fcrafi\u0259 v\u0259kill\u0259rinin hekay\u0259ti”) il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda yeni janr\u0131n \u2014 dramaturgiyan\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoyur. O, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259bi t\u0259nqidinin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoymu\u015f, “m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n Molyeri” adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[147] 1896-c\u0131 ild\u0259 N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov ilk Az\u0259rbaycan tragediyas\u0131 olan “M\u00fcsib\u0259ti-F\u0259xr\u0259ddin”i yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[148] N\u0259riman N\u0259rimanov ilk Az\u0259rbaycan tarixi tragediyas\u0131 olan “Nadir \u015fah”\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifidir.[149] S\u0259kin\u0259 Axundzad\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda ilk qad\u0131n dramatuqdur.[150] XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Hadi, h\u0259m\u00e7inin H\u00fcseyn Cavid v\u0259 Abbas S\u0259hh\u0259t Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda romantizmin \u0259sas\u0131 qoyur. Mirz\u0259 \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r Sabir is\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 Sabir \u0259d\u0259bi m\u0259kt\u0259binin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoyur.<\/p>\n

Sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na R\u0259sul Rza, M\u0259mm\u0259d S\u0259id Ordubadi, S\u00fcleyman Sani Axundov, Mirz\u0259 \u0130brahimov, \u018fnv\u0259r M\u0259mm\u0259dxanl\u0131, S\u0259m\u0259d Vur\u011fun daxildir. M\u00fcasir d\u00f6vr Az\u0259rbaycan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhurlar\u0131 kinodramaturq R\u00fcst\u0259m \u0130brahimb\u0259yov v\u0259 dedektiv romanlar\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifi \u00c7ingiz Abdullayevdir. \u018fn m\u0259\u015fhur Az\u0259rbaycan \u015fairl\u0259rin\u0259 is\u0259 B\u0259xtiyar Vahabzad\u0259, X\u0259lil Rza Ulut\u00fcrk, N\u00fcsr\u0259t K\u0259s\u0259m\u0259nli, Ramiz R\u00f6v\u015f\u0259n, Baba P\u00fcnhan misal g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259 bil\u0259r.[151]<\/p>\n

F\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259si
\nAz\u0259rbaycan f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259si anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 tarix\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycanda v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 xaricind\u0259 ya\u015fayan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif dil, din v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rin da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 olan az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sinin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl v\u0259 t\u0259kam\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc \u0259hat\u0259 edir. M\u00fcasir elmi m\u0259lumatlara g\u00f6r\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycanda f\u0259ls\u0259fi fikrin inki\u015faf\u0131 d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc minilliyin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259m qoymu\u015fdur. Bu \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq y\u00fcks\u0259k sivilizasiyalar\u0131n bir-birini \u0259v\u0259z etm\u0259si, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif dil, din, h\u0259yat t\u0259rzl\u0259rinin \u00e7ul\u011fa\u015fmas\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan etnosunun m\u0259n\u0259vi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin m\u0259hv\u0259ri olan f\u0259ls\u0259ll fikir v\u0259 d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl v\u0259 t\u0259kam\u00fcl\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcnbit z\u0259min yatm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycanda f\u0259ls\u0259fi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin inki\u015faf\u0131nda onun co\u011frafi m\u00f6vqeyi, t\u0259bii z\u0259nginliyi, tarix\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti, daim m\u00fcxt\u0259lif dil v\u0259 din da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 olan regionlarla \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rinin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n say\u0259sind\u0259 art\u0131q e.\u0259. I minilliyin birinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6lk\u0259nin ictimai \u015f\u00fcurunda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u0259kam\u00fcl\u00fc, ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 sonunun, insan v\u0259 m\u00fchitin, maddi v\u0259 qeyri-maddinin, rasional v\u0259 irrasional\u0131n m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin, h\u0259qiq\u0259t, xeyir, \u015f\u0259r v\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259tin \u00e7ox\u00e7alarl\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rinin d\u0259rkin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f f\u0259ls\u0259fi m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131 ehtiva v\u0259 t\u0259msil ed\u0259n mifologiya v\u0259 dinI\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131, k\u00f6kl\u0259ri ke\u00e7mi\u015f minillikl\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259lib \u00e7\u0131xan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif ideoloji c\u0259r\u0259yanlar olmu\u015fdur. Az\u0259rbaycanda f\u0259ls\u0259fi fikrin inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7iin ke\u00e7mi\u015fin m\u00fch\u00fcm yaz\u0131l\u0131 abid\u0259l\u0259ri – Avesta, p\u0259hl\u0259vi m\u0259tnl\u0259ri, q\u0259dim yunan filosoflar\u0131 v\u0259 tarix\u00e7il\u0259rinin \u0259s\u0259l\u0259ri, orta \u0259sr yaz\u0131l\u0131 abid\u0259l\u0259ri, \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259razisind\u0259ki arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n materiallar\u0131, dil v\u0259 \u015fifahi \u0259d\u0259biyyat tarixinin t\u0259dqiqi v\u0259 s. ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar geni\u015f imkanlar yarad\u0131r. F\u0259ls\u0259fi d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fc insan\u0131n t\u0259bi\u0259t\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tind\u0259 feti\u015f, totem, ruh, ilahil\u0259r v\u0259 s. bu kimi t\u0259zah\u00fcr formalar\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olmu\u015fdur. Bu t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr v\u0259 t\u0259liml\u0259r, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif kultlarda v\u0259 m\u00fchitd\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcdafi\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f magiyada da \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u00fcasir elm e.\u0259. l minilliyin birici yar\u0131s\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycanda z\u0259rvanilik, maqlar (mu\u011flar) t\u0259limi v\u0259 z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftilik f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sinin geni\u015f yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Az\u0259rbaycan f\u0259ls\u0259fi fikrinin inki\u015faf\u0131nda VII-X \u0259srl\u0259r \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 olmu\u015fdur. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 art\u0131q f\u0259ls\u0259fi fikrin t\u0259m\u0259l c\u0259r\u0259yanlar\u0131 formala\u015fm\u0131\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259fonin sonrak\u0131 inki\u015faf\u0131 xristian v\u0259 islam m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u0259cras\u0131nda davam etdirilmi\u015fdir. VII-VIII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 ilahiyyat f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259si inki\u015faf elm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. \u0130slam\u0131n f\u0259ls\u0259fi \u015f\u0259rhi ilahiyyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n birba\u015fa vazifasin\u0259 \u00e7evrilir. Buna baxmayaraq, h\u0259min v\u0259zif\u0259nin icras\u0131 prosesind\u0259 fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131 da olurdu. O d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda ortodoksal f\u0259qihl\u0259rdon \u018fhm\u0259d ibn Harun B\u0259rdici, M\u0259kki ibn \u018fhmod B\u0259rd\u0259i, Musa ibn \u0130mran S\u0259lmasi v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 m\u0259\u015fhur idil\u0259r. Rasionalizmi v\u0259 azadfik\u0131rliliyi il\u0259 s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n m\u00f6t\u0259zili c\u0259r\u0259yan\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycanda g\u00f6rk\u0259mli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri is\u0259 IX \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f m\u0259\u015fhur alim v\u0259 ilahiyyat\u00e7\u0131lar C\u0259f\u0259r H\u0259m\u0259dani Ba\u011fdadi, \u018fbub\u0259kr M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d ibn \u00d6m\u0259r ibn Abdulla Bord\u0259i, \u018fbus\u0259id \u018fhm\u0259d B\u0259rd\u0259i, B\u0259hm\u0259nyar Az\u0259rbaycani v\u0259 b. idi. XIII-XVIII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan f\u0259ls\u0259fi fi\u0131kri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 idealizml\u0259 panteizmin, irrasionalizml\u0259 rasionalizmin, m\u00f6vcud sosial qurulu\u015f v\u0259 etik normalar\u0131n q\u0259bulu il\u0259 onlar\u0131n t\u0259nqidi, orta \u0259srl\u0259rin m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 azadfikirliliyin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu s\u0259ciyy\u0259vi idi.[152]<\/p>\n

Musiqi
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisi v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259qsl\u0259ri<\/p>\n

2011-ci ild\u0259 Eldar Qas\u0131mov v\u0259 Nigar Camal duetinin ifa etdiyi “Running Scared” adl\u0131 mahn\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ilk qalibiyy\u0259ti olaraq Avroviziya Mahn\u0131 M\u00fcsabiq\u0259sinin tarixin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan musiqisi eklektik v\u0259 \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259lidir. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n simli musiqi al\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 qopuz, \u00e7o\u011fur, \u00e7\u0259qan\u0259, b\u0259rb\u0259t, \u00e7\u0259ng, rud, s\u0259ntur, tar, kaman\u00e7a, qanun, saz, \u015eirvan t\u0259nburu, n\u0259f\u0259sli musiqi al\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 is\u0259 tulum, ney, zurna, balaban, t\u00fct\u0259k daxildir.[153] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n xalq musiqi janrlar\u0131 olan mu\u011fam, meyxana v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan a\u015f\u0131q yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin ayr\u0131lmaz hiss\u0259sidir.[154]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Q\u0259rb klassik musiqisi il\u0259 XX \u0259srd\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olmu\u015fdur v\u0259 bu Az\u0259rbaycan klassik musiqisi janr\u0131n\u0131 formala\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1907-ci ild\u0259 “Leyli v\u0259 M\u0259cnun”u b\u0259st\u0259l\u0259y\u0259n \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yov Az\u0259rbaycan opera s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoydu. Bu opera n\u0259inki Az\u0259rbaycanda, h\u0259m\u00e7inin \u0130slam al\u0259mind\u0259 yaz\u0131lan ilk opera idi.[155] Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u00fcasir professional balet s\u0259n\u0259tinin m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi milli opera v\u0259 operettan\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dard\u0131r. \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan caz\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan roku, Az\u0259rbaycan hip-hopu kimi m\u00fcasir musiqi janrlar\u0131 daim inki\u015faf edir. Az\u0259rbaycan pop musiqisi is\u0259 2011-ci ild\u0259 Eldar Qas\u0131mov v\u0259 Nigar Camal duetinin ifa etdiyi “Running Scared” adl\u0131 mahn\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ilk qalibiyy\u0259ti olaraq Avroviziya Mahn\u0131 M\u00fcsabiq\u0259sinin tarixin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.[156]<\/p>\n

Kinematoqrafiya
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Az\u0259rbaycan kinematoqraf\u0131 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan televiziya kanallar\u0131n\u0131n siyah\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n

Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev M\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 “Ar\u015f\u0131n mal alan” filminin r\u0259ngli formatda premyeras\u0131
\nAz\u0259rbaycan kino s\u0259n\u0259tinin tarixi 1898-ci il iyunun 21-d\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r.[157] \u0130lk filml\u0259r fotoqraf v\u0259 nasir Aleksandr Mi\u015fon t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f xronika s\u00fcjetl\u0259ri (“Bibiheyb\u0259td\u0259 neft fontan\u0131 yan\u011f\u0131n\u0131”, “Balaxan\u0131da neft fontan\u0131”, “\u015e\u0259h\u0259r ba\u011f\u0131nda xalq g\u0259zintisi”, “Qafqaz r\u0259qsi” v\u0259 s.) v\u0259 bir b\u0259dii kinos\u00fcjetd\u0259n (“\u0130li\u015fdin”) ibar\u0259t idi.[157] 1915-ci ild\u0259 ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n c\u0259miyy\u0259t neft s\u0259naye\u00e7il\u0259rinin pulu il\u0259 \u0130brahim b\u0259y Musab\u0259yovun “Neft v\u0259 milyonlar s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259” roman\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda eyni adl\u0131 ilk Az\u0259rbaycan b\u0259dii filminin \u00e7\u0259kili\u015fin\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131.[157] Filmi \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k \u00fcc\u00fcn Peterburqdan rejissor Boris Svetlov d\u0259v\u0259t olunmu\u015fdu.[157] T\u0259bi\u0259t m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259l\u0259ri Bak\u0131da v\u0259 \u0259traf k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259, pavilyonla ba\u011fl\u0131 s\u0259hn\u0259l\u0259r is\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilirdi.[157] Filmd\u0259 L\u00fctf\u0259li b\u0259y rolunu H\u00fcseyn \u018fr\u0259blinski oynam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[157] 1916-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da \u00dczeyir Hac\u0131b\u0259yovun “Ar\u015f\u0131n mal alan” operettas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda ilk Az\u0259rbaycan kinokomediyas\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kildi. Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti 1919-cu ild\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc bayram etdiyi g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 kinematoqraf\u00e7\u0131lar onu lent\u0259 alm\u0131\u015f, “Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc m\u00fcnasib\u0259til\u0259 t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259” adl\u0131 tammetrajl\u0131 s\u0259n\u0259dli film yaratm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 o, h\u0259min ilin iyul ay\u0131nda ekranlarda geni\u015f n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirilmi\u015fdir.[157]<\/p>\n

1950-ci ill\u0259rinin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan sonra, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 1960-c\u0131 ill\u0259rin sonunda Az\u0259rbaycan kinosunda bir canlanma \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259ldi.[157] Bu ill\u0259rd\u0259 kinostudiyada “O olmas\u0131n, bu olsun”, “Bir m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259d\u0259n iki n\u0259f\u0259r”, “Uzaq sahill\u0259rd\u0259”, “Bir qalan\u0131n sirri”, “Telefon\u00e7u q\u0131z”, “Yenilm\u0259z batalyon”, “U\u015faql\u0131\u011f\u0131n son gec\u0259si”, “Bir c\u0259nub \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259”, “Bizim C\u0259bi\u015f m\u00fc\u0259llim”, “D\u0259li K\u00fcr”, “\u015e\u0259rikli \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259k” kimi s\u0259n\u0259t \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri yarad\u0131ld\u0131.[157] 1970-1990-ci ill\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan kinosunun intibah d\u00f6vr\u00fc adland\u0131r\u0131rlar.[157] H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f bir s\u0131ra kino \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n “Sevil”, “D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud”, “Yeddi o\u011ful ist\u0259r\u0259m”, “Ax\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131m”, “G\u00fcn ke\u00e7di”, “N\u0259simi”, “Ad g\u00fcn\u00fc”, “Bab\u0259k”, “T\u0259kc\u0259 adan\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnl\u0259 apara bilm\u0259zs\u0259n”, “Atlar\u0131 y\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259yin”, “Yaramaz”, “F\u0259ryad” filml\u0259rind\u0259 tarixi v\u0259 m\u00fcasir h\u0259yata m\u00fcxt\u0259lif bax\u0131\u015flar, insan amili, xarakterl\u0259rin t\u0259hlili, g\u0259ncl\u0259rin formala\u015fmas\u0131, m\u0259n\u0259vi-\u0259xlaqi probleml\u0259rin qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 s. m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r \u0259sas yer tuturdu.[157]<\/p>\n

SSR\u0130 da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sonra ilk d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda ba\u015f ver\u0259n m\u0259lum hadis\u0259l\u0259r, hakimiyy\u0259t u\u011frunda ged\u0259n m\u00fcbariz\u0259, Qaraba\u011f m\u00fcharib\u0259si v\u0259 s. Az\u0259rbaycan kinematoqraf\u0131n\u0131 inki\u015fafdan saxlad\u0131, h\u0259tta t\u0259n\u0259zz\u00fcl\u0259 u\u011fratd\u0131.[157] Ancaq 2000-ci ill\u0259rin sonunda Az\u0259rbaycan kinematoqraf\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc b\u0259rpa etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131, “Ovsun\u00e7u”, “Arxada qalm\u0131\u015f g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k”, “Qala”, “Sah\u0259”, “\u00c7\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc”, “Buta”, “Dolu”, “Nabat”, “Nar ba\u011f\u0131” kimi filml\u0259r bir s\u0131ra d\u00fcnya kino festivallar\u0131nda i\u015ftirak etmi\u015f v\u0259 m\u00fckafatlar qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[158][159][160] Onlardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri Amerika Kino Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259sis etdiyi “Oskar” m\u00fckafat\u0131n\u0131n “\u018fn yax\u015f\u0131 \u0259cn\u0259bi film” nominasiyas\u0131na namiz\u0259dliyini ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr v\u0259 bir s\u0131ra beyn\u0259lxalq festivallarda u\u011fur qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[161][162]<\/p>\n

Memarl\u0131q
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan memarl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan memar\u0131 \u018fc\u0259mi Nax\u00e7\u0131vaninin \u0259sas \u0259s\u0259ri v\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van-Mara\u011fa memarl\u0131q m\u0259kt\u0259binin \u0259n d\u0259y\u0259rli abid\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan M\u00f6m\u00fcn\u0259 Xatun t\u00fcrb\u0259si.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan memarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 Q\u0259rb elementl\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir.[163] X-XII y\u00fczillik\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif memarl\u0131q m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259ri yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[164] Bunlar Aran, T\u0259briz, Nax\u00e7\u0131van, \u015eirvan, Ab\u015feron memarl\u0131q m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259ridir. Bu memarl\u0131q m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u00fcmumi \u00fcslub yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 var idi.[164] M\u00fct\u0259nasib qurulu\u015flu, z\u0259ngin dekorlu q\u00fcll\u0259var\u0131 t\u00fcrb\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 dig\u0259r tikilil\u0259rd\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van m\u0259kt\u0259binin \u00fcslub \u00f6z\u0259llikl\u0259ri \u0259ksini tap\u0131b. Bu m\u0259kt\u0259bin \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k zirv\u0259sini Nax\u00e7\u0131vandak\u0131 Yusif K\u00fcseyir o\u011flu t\u00fcrb\u0259si v\u0259 M\u00f6min\u0259 Xatun t\u00fcrb\u0259l\u0259rinin, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 haz\u0131rda m\u00f6vcud olmayan dini tikilil\u0259r kompleksinin m\u00fc\u0259llifi memar \u018fc\u0259mi Nax\u00e7\u0131vani yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edir.[164]<\/p>\n

M\u00fcasir Az\u0259rbaycanda Q\u0131z qalas\u0131 v\u0259 \u015eirvan\u015fahlar Saray\u0131 kimi bir \u00e7ox q\u0259dim memarl\u0131q x\u0259zin\u0259l\u0259ri indiy\u0259 kimi qorunub qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan memarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si Bak\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131nda f\u0259hl\u0259 q\u0259s\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rinin (Bin\u0259q\u0259di, Bak\u0131xanov, Montin, M\u0259mm\u0259dyarov) sal\u0131nmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar olub.[164] Fabrik, zavod, anbar binalar\u0131, liman, k\u00f6rp\u00fc, va\u011fzal v\u0259 s. tikilil\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycanda s\u0259naye-n\u0259qliyyat qur\u011fular\u0131 memarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur.[164]<\/p>\n

Qaraba\u011f m\u00fcharib\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Qaraba\u011f v\u0259 \u0259traf \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n k\u00fclli miqdarda memarl\u0131q abid\u0259l\u0259ri m\u0259hv edilmi\u015fdir.[165] M\u00fcst\u0259qillik qazanandan sonra da, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli yerl\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fcasir memarl\u0131q ansambllar\u0131 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin simas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259n Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev M\u0259rk\u0259zi, Bak\u0131 Kristal Zal\u0131 kimi m\u00fcasir binalar, Alov q\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259ri, SOCAR Tower kimi g\u00f6yd\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259r tikilmi\u015fdir.[166]<\/p>\n

M\u0259tb\u0259x
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259tb\u0259xi<\/p>\n

Dov\u011fa
\nAz\u0259rbaycan m\u0259tb\u0259xi \u2014 t\u0259kc\u0259 x\u00f6r\u0259kl\u0259r, onlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanma texnologiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcsullar\u0131 deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 maddi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin \u0259sas hiss\u0259sidir.[167] Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259tb\u0259xi – m\u0259tb\u0259x m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tini, onun tarixini, f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sini, s\u00fcfr\u0259 psixologiyas\u0131n\u0131, ad\u0259tl\u0259ri, fiziologiyan\u0131, gigiyenan\u0131, kimyan\u0131, avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, etikan\u0131, estetikan\u0131, poeziyan\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259tb\u0259xin sair aspektl\u0259rini, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n tarix\u0259n \u0259traf m\u00fchitl\u0259 tam harmoniyada ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 praktik v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259ri \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 ah\u0259ngdar \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirir.[167] Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fchas\u0131 il\u0259 onun tarix\u0259n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 indiki Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131, G\u00fcney Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131, \u0130r\u0259van xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Z\u0259ng\u0259zur v\u0259 G\u00f6y\u00e7\u0259 mahallar\u0131n\u0131n torpaqlar\u0131nda, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n q\u0259dimd\u0259n b\u0259ri ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 Bor\u00e7al\u0131 b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259, Da\u011f\u0131stan \u0259razisind\u0259 v\u0259 onun \u0259traf\u0131nda yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130dman
\n\u018fsas m\u0259qal\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycanda idman<\/p>\n

200 metr m\u0259saf\u0259y\u0259 qa\u00e7\u0131\u015fda d\u00fcnya v\u0259 Avropa \u00e7empionu Ramil Quliyev
\n\u018fn\u0259n\u0259vi idman n\u00f6v\u00fc olan g\u00fcl\u0259\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n milli idman n\u00f6v\u00fc hesab edilir.[168] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n dig\u0259r \u0259n\u0259vi oyunlar\u0131na n\u0259rd, \u00e7\u00f6vk\u0259n v\u0259 zorxana daxildir.[168] \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259ri olan c\u00fcdo, karate v\u0259 boks il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan xeyli insan var. 2015-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan ilk Avropa Oyunlar\u0131na ev sahibliyi etmi\u015fdir.[169] 2017-ci ild\u0259 Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 2017 \u0130slam H\u0259mr\u0259yliyi Oyunlar\u0131 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015fdir.[170] 1996-c\u0131 ild\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan Olimpiya Oyunlar\u0131nda t\u0259msil olunur v\u0259 indiy\u0259 kimi 7 q\u0131z\u0131l, 25 g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f v\u0259 43 b\u00fcr\u00fcnc medal\u0131 qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.[171]<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00fcnyada \u015fahmat \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri kimi tan\u0131n\u0131r.[172] \u00d6lk\u0259nin ki\u015fil\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 \u015fahmat y\u0131\u011fmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 d\u0259f\u0259 Avropa \u00e7empionu, qad\u0131n y\u0131\u011fmas\u0131 is\u0259 Avropa \u00e7empionat\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcr\u00fcnc medal\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.[173][174] 2016-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da 42-ci \u015eahmat Olimpiadas\u0131 ke\u00e7irilib.[175]<\/p>\n

Voleybol haz\u0131rda \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur idman n\u00f6vl\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Az\u0259rreyl v\u0259 Lokomotiv Bak\u0131 Avropa Qad\u0131nlar CEV \u00c7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f Kubokunun qalibi olmu\u015flar.[176][177] \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 dig\u0259r populyar idman n\u00f6vl\u0259rind\u0259n futzal, gimnastika v\u0259 c\u00fcdonu qeyd etm\u0259k olar.[178]<\/p>\n

1992-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Premyer Liqas\u0131n\u0131n qurulmas\u0131ndan sonra futbol daha populyarl\u0131q \u0259ld\u0259 etmi\u015fdir.[179] Az\u0259rbaycandan UEFA \u00c7empionlar Liqas\u0131nda v\u0259 UEFA Avropa Liqas\u0131nda “Qaraba\u011f”, “Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259” v\u0259 “Neft\u00e7i” is\u0259 Avropa Liqas\u0131n\u0131n qrup m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015ftirak edib.[180][181] 2019-cu ild\u0259 Avropa Liqas\u0131n\u0131n final\u0131 Bak\u0131 Olimpiya Stadionunda ke\u00e7iril\u0259c\u0259k.[182] 2020-ci ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da UEFA Avro 2020-n\u0131n qrup m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si v\u0259 1\/4 final\u0131na ev sahibliyi ed\u0259c\u0259k.[183]<\/p>\n

2000-ci ild\u0259n sonra Az\u0259rbaycanda Baku Cup, Futbol \u00fczr\u0259 17 ya\u015fad\u0259k Avropa \u00c7empionat\u0131 2016, F\u0130FA U-17 Qad\u0131nlararas\u0131 D\u00fcnya \u00c7empionat\u0131 2012, 2010 G\u00fcl\u0259\u015f \u00fczr\u0259 Avropa \u00c7empionat\u0131, B\u0259dii gimnastika \u00fczr\u0259 25-ci Avropa \u00e7empionat\u0131, 2018 C\u00fcdo \u00fczr\u0259 D\u00fcnya \u00c7empionat\u0131 kimi beyn\u0259lxalq idman yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ke\u00e7irilib.[184][185] Hal-haz\u0131rda \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 Tour d’Azerbaidjan velosiped yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131 v\u0259 Formula-1 \u00e7empionat\u0131n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan Qran Prisi ke\u00e7irilir.[186]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 ya r\u0259smi ad\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 \u2014 C\u0259nubi Qafqazda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259t. Az\u0259rbaycan X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi h\u00f6vz\u0259sinin q\u0259rbind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fir. \u015eimaldan Rusiya (Da\u011f\u0131stan)[6], \u015fimal-q\u0259rbd\u0259n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan, q\u0259rbd\u0259n Erm\u0259nistan, c\u0259nub-q\u0259rbd\u0259n T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 v\u0259 c\u0259nubdan \u0130ran il\u0259 h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259ddir.[7] Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n anklav\u0131 olan Nax\u00e7\u0131van Muxtar Respublikas\u0131 Erm\u0259nistanla \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rqd\u0259, \u0130ranla q\u0259rbd\u0259 v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 \u015fimal-q\u0259rbd\u0259n h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259ddir. Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisinin bir hiss\u0259si (Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f b\u00f6lg\u0259si […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pub"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29394"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29394\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29395,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29394\/revisions\/29395"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29394"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29394"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}