{"id":30152,"date":"2019-04-09T09:00:18","date_gmt":"2019-04-09T05:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=30152"},"modified":"2019-04-09T15:04:36","modified_gmt":"2019-04-09T11:04:36","slug":"ismayil-b%c9%99y-qutqasinli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=30152","title":{"rendered":"\u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 b\u0259y \u0130smay\u0131l Sultan N\u0259srullah o\u011flu \u2014 Az\u0259rbaycan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n

H\u0259yat\u0131
\n\u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 27 yanvar 1806-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Qurban bayram\u0131nda, ke\u00e7mi\u015f Qutqa\u015f\u0131n mahal\u0131nda (indiki Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259) anadan olmu\u015fdur. Ad\u0131 da bu bayrama g\u00f6r\u0259 verilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Atas\u0131 N\u0259srullah Sultan Qutqa\u015f\u0131n mahal\u0131n\u0131n son sultan\u0131 olmu\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan Rusiya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal edildikd\u0259n sonra h\u0259min mahal\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 t\u0259yin edilmi\u015fdir. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f xan v\u0259 b\u0259yl\u0259ri daima ita\u0259td\u0259 saxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131 onlar\u0131n u\u015faqlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ar ordusunda zabit kimi \u0259sir saxlay\u0131rd\u0131.N\u0259srulla sultan \u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131n etibar etmirdi. Bu inams\u0131zl\u0131q qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 idi. Bel\u0259 t\u0259klif N\u0259srullah sultana da g\u0259lmi\u015fdir. Qutqa\u015f\u0131n\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131n banisi Salman M\u00fcmtaz “R\u0259\u015fid b\u0259y v\u0259 S\u0259ad\u0259t xan\u0131m” hekay\u0259si m\u00fch\u0259rriri Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259yin h\u0259yat\u0131” m\u0259ql\u0259sind\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “\u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259 g\u00f6rk\u0259mli o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcrl\u00fc-d\u00fcrl\u00fc b\u0259han\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 evd\u0259 saxlay\u0131b aciz v\u0259 f\u0259rsiz z\u0259nn etdiyi ki\u00e7ik ya\u015fl\u0131 \u0130smay\u0131ldan \u00e7arna\u00e7aq \u0259l-\u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur oldu.F\u0259rsiz n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n \u0130smay\u0131l t\u0259hsilini ikmal etdikd\u0259n sonra el\u0259 bir kamall\u0131, qabiliyy\u0259tli igid oldu ki,\u0259qill v\u0259 bacar\u0131ql\u0131 say\u0131lan qohum v\u0259 qarda\u015flar\u0131 onun yan\u0131nda h\u0259r bir c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n he\u00e7 m\u0259nzil\u0259sind\u0259 qald\u0131lar” (1)<\/p>\n

O, 1822-ci ild\u0259 rus ordusunda xidm\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.Peterburqda d\u00f6rd il orada kadet m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 oxumu\u015fdur.1822-ci ild\u0259 bu m\u0259kt\u0259bi bitirib, \u018flahidd\u0259 Qafqaz Korpusu t\u0259rkibind\u0259ki G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan qrenadyor alay\u0131nda s\u0131ravi \u0259sg\u0259r kimi h\u0259rbi xidm\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Rusiya-\u0130ran (1826-1828) v\u0259 Rusiya-T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 (1827-1829) m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n i\u015ftirak etmi\u015f, d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259ndiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 ordenl\u0259r\u0259 layiq g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.M\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259r qurtard\u0131qdan sonra o, h\u0259rbi xidm\u0259tini davam etdirmi\u015f, v\u0259zif\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t Var\u015favada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O h\u0259rbi i\u015fi d\u0259rind\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015f, s\u0131ravi \u0259sg\u0259rlikd\u0259n general-mayor r\u00fctb\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259lmi\u015fdir[1]. 1841-ci ild\u0259 \u0130.Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 istefaya \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 \u00f6z v\u0259t\u0259n\u0259 qay\u0131daraq, Qutqa\u015f\u0131n v\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131da ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, d\u0259rs demi\u015fdir.Rus ordusunda 25 illik xidm\u0259td\u0259n sonra \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y 1847-ci ild\u0259n \u015eamax\u0131da “B\u0259y kommissiyas\u0131”nda i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

\u0130.Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 1852-ci ild\u0259 M\u0259kk\u0259y\u0259-H\u0259cc ziyar\u0259tin\u0259 getmi\u015f, qay\u0131dandan sonra \u015eamax\u0131da v\u0259 Qutqa\u015f\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. El\u0259 him ild\u0259 general-mayor r\u00fctb\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259lmi\u015fdir. O, 1861-ci ild\u0259 A\u011fda\u015f mahal\u0131nda karvansarada yem\u0259k yey\u0259rk\u0259n Rusiyanin \u0259li il\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n suyuna z\u0259h\u0259r qat\u0131lmaqla h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 Tutu xan\u0131m Bik\u0259 il\u0259 birg\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131na son qoyulmu\u015fdur. Bel\u0259 ehtima olunur ki, 1854-c\u00fc ild\u0259 o Anadolu ordusunun ba\u015f komandan\u0131 Mustafa Z\u0259rif Pa\u015fadan Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 Da\u011f\u0131standa \u00fcsyanlar t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ran m\u0259ktub erm\u0259ni M.T.Loris-M\u0259likovun \u0259lin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 \u0130.Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 1855-ci ild\u0259n n\u0259zar\u0259t alt\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 Tutu xan\u0131m Bik\u0259 il\u0259 birg\u0259 Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259d\u0259ki Soltanbaba q\u0259biristanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u0259fn edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6y\u00fck maarif\u00e7i
\n\u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 u\u015faql\u0131q v\u0259 g\u0259nclik ill\u0259rind\u0259 dini t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015f, \u0259r\u0259b, fars dill\u0259rini \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015f, klassik Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rq \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 il\u0259 yax\u0131ndan tan\u0131\u015f olmu\u015fdur. Xidm\u0259t ill\u0259rind\u0259 \u0130. Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 bir s\u0131ra m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi rus ziyal\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 dostluq \u0259laq\u0259si yaratm\u0131\u015f, rus v\u0259 Q\u0259rbi Avropa m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin nailiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f, d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n savadl\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan ziyal\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015fdur. Eyni zamanda o, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck marif\u00e7i aliml\u0259ri – Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundzad\u0259, Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir, Abbasqulu a\u011fa Bak\u0131xanov v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 il\u0259 yax\u0131ndan dostluq etmi\u015fdir. Bu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda “Paqonlu maarif\u00e7il\u0259r” ad\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhurdurlar. \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 1852-ci ild\u0259 arvad\u0131 il\u0259 Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259yah\u0259t\u0259 getmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Yarad\u0131\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131
\nB\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259dib iki d\u0259f\u0259 m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s H\u0259cc ziyar\u0259tind\u0259 olmu\u015fdur. Bu s\u0259yah\u0259ti il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar 1967-ci ild\u0259 \u00e7ap olunmu\u015f “S\u0259f\u0259rnam\u0259” adl\u0131 yol qeydl\u0259rini yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u018fs\u0259r Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131n\u0131n getdiyi yolun co\u011frafiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Haz\u0131rda bu \u0259s\u0259rin c\u0259mi 126 s\u0259hif\u0259si tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y istefaya \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131qdan sonra Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n maarifl\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 oyanmas\u0131nda aktiv f\u0259alliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. S\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, bu da \u00e7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin maraqlar\u0131na cavab vermirdi. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131n\u0131 tezlikl\u0259 aradan g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn planlar c\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na m\u00fcasir n\u0259sr, hekay\u0259 janr\u0131n\u0131 g\u0259tir\u0259n yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r. Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015fah \u0259s\u0259ri “R\u0259\u015fid b\u0259y v\u0259 S\u0259ad\u0259t xan\u0131m” \u0259s\u0259ridir. Bu \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 iki zad\u0259gan ail\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259xsus olan g\u0259ncl\u0259rin m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259tind\u0259n b\u0259hs edilir. Bundan ba\u015fqa b\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131n\u0131n “Tutu” adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259ri d\u0259 olmu\u015fdur. Ancaq bu \u0259s\u0259r itirilmi\u015f v\u0259 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 g\u0259lib \u00e7atmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bundan ba\u015fqa \u0130.Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 “Miskin” t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 \u015feirl\u0259r d\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, onun \u0259lyazmalar\u0131 1930-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 repressiya d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u0259hv edildiyind\u0259n biz\u0259 g\u0259lib \u00e7atmay\u0131b. Ancaq ona aid olmas\u0131 iddia edil\u0259n v\u0259 1973-c\u00fc ild\u0259 a\u015fkarlanan, 1999-cu ilin aprelin 22-d\u0259 Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 “Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259” q\u0259zetind\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr edil\u0259n “\u0130ki qu\u015fun s\u00f6hb\u0259ti” adl\u0131 \u015feir d\u0259 var. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 ki m\u00fcbahis\u0259 m\u00f6vzusudur.<\/p>\n

Xatir\u0259sinin \u0259b\u0259dil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si
\n\u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259lbind\u0259 daim ya\u015fay\u0131r. Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin m\u0259rk\u0259zi k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birin\u0259 \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 verilmi\u015fdir. Eyni zamanda Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 \u0259dibin heyk\u0259li ucald\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, xatir\u0259-ev muzeyi yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r[2]. Bak\u0131n\u0131n Yasamal rayonundak\u0131 m\u0259rk\u0259zi k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birin\u0259 d\u0259 Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 verilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

\u0130stinadlar
\n \u0130smay\u0131l B\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131
\n M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d N\u018fR\u0130MANO\u011eLU,Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259nin \u00abyadda\u015f kitab\u0131\u00bb “Az\u0259rbaycan” q\u0259zeti
\nM\u0259nb\u0259
\n“Odlar yurdunun \u00f6vladlar\u0131 Rusiya tarixind\u0259” kitab\u0131 (rus dilind\u0259)
\n\u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 (1806 \u2013 1869)
\n\u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131.\u018fs\u0259rl\u0259ri.Bak\u0131,2005.s\u0259h.142<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 b\u0259y \u0130smay\u0131l Sultan N\u0259srullah o\u011flu \u2014 Az\u0259rbaycan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 H\u0259yat\u0131 \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131 27 yanvar 1806-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Qurban bayram\u0131nda, ke\u00e7mi\u015f Qutqa\u015f\u0131n mahal\u0131nda (indiki Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259) anadan olmu\u015fdur. Ad\u0131 da bu bayrama g\u00f6r\u0259 verilmi\u015fdir. Atas\u0131 N\u0259srullah Sultan Qutqa\u015f\u0131n mahal\u0131n\u0131n son sultan\u0131 olmu\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan Rusiya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal edildikd\u0259n sonra h\u0259min mahal\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 t\u0259yin edilmi\u015fdir. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f xan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30152","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-edeb"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30152","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30152"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30152\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30164,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30152\/revisions\/30164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30152"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30152"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30152"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}