{"id":44414,"date":"2023-02-10T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-10T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=44414"},"modified":"2023-02-10T13:53:30","modified_gmt":"2023-02-10T09:53:30","slug":"bu-gun-yazici-dramaturq-ictimai-xadim-c%c9%99lil-m%c9%99mm%c9%99dquluzad%c9%99nin-dogum-gunudur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=44414","title":{"rendered":"Bu g\u00fcn yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, dramaturq, ictimai xadim C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259nin do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bu g\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131-dramaturq, maarif\u00e7i-publisist, na\u015fir C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259nin anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 154-c\u00fc ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc tamam olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AZ\u018fRTAC<\/a> x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259nin anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 150 illiyi Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin m\u00fcvafiq S\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131 il\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 silsil\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259rl\u0259 qeyd edilib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259 \u0259dib realist hekay\u0259l\u0259ri, povestl\u0259ri, dram \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri (\u201cD\u0259li y\u0131\u011f\u0131nca\u011f\u0131\u201d, \u201cAnam\u0131n kitab\u0131\u201d, “\u00d6l\u00fcl\u0259r”) il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na d\u0259y\u0259rli t\u00f6hf\u0259l\u0259r verib. 1906-1932-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 (fasil\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259) n\u0259\u015fr etdirdiyi “Molla N\u0259sr\u0259ddin” jurnal\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda satirik jurnalistikan\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoyub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u0259lil H\u00fcseynqulu o\u011flu M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259 10 fevral 1869-cu ild\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 anadan olub. \u0130lk t\u0259hsilini \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 mollaxanada, sonra Nax\u00e7\u0131van \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 al\u0131b. 1887-ci ild\u0259 Zaqafqaziya M\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r Seminariyas\u0131n\u0131 (Qori Seminariyas\u0131) bitirib, bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llimlik (1887-1897) edib. \u0130lk m\u0259lum b\u0259dii \u0259s\u0259ri say\u0131lan \u201c\u00c7ay d\u0259stgah\u0131\u201d (1889) alleqorik pyesini, \u201cDanaba\u015f k\u0259ndinin \u0259hvalatlar\u0131\u201d (1894-c\u00fc ild\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunub) povestini d\u0259 bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 yaz\u0131b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1895-ci ilin yay\u0131nda Moskva v\u0259 Sankt-Peterburqa gedib, bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rin m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olub. 1904-c\u00fc ild\u0259n Tiflisd\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr edil\u0259n \u201c\u015e\u0259rqi-Rus\u201d q\u0259zetinin redaksiyas\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259yib. C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259nin yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 v\u0259 jurnalist kimi p\u00fcxt\u0259l\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259 bu q\u0259zetin v\u0259 onun redaktoru M.\u015eahtaxtl\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcm rolu olub. 1903-c\u00fc ild\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Po\u00e7t qutusu\u201d hekay\u0259si 1904-c\u00fc ild\u0259 “\u015e\u0259rqi-Rus\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259 \u00e7ap olunub. \u201cKi\u015fmi\u015f oyunu\u201d, L.Tolstoydan t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 etdiyi \u201cZ\u0259hm\u0259t, \u00f6l\u00fcm v\u0259 naxo\u015fluq\u201d hekay\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 bu q\u0259zetd\u0259 d\u0259rc edilib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1905-ci ilin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 \u201c\u015e\u0259rqi-Rus\u201d ba\u011flananda C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259 jurnalist \u00d6m\u0259r Faiq Nemanzad\u0259 v\u0259 maarifp\u0259rv\u0259r tacir M.Ba\u011f\u0131rzad\u0259 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 bu q\u0259zetin m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259sini al\u0131b ona \u201cQeyr\u0259t\u201d ad\u0131 vermi\u015fdir. H\u0259min ild\u0259 C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 u\u015faqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259kt\u0259b v\u0259 pansion a\u00e7\u0131b. 7 aprel 1906-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 “Molla N\u0259sr\u0259ddin\u201d jurnal\u0131n\u0131n ilk n\u00f6mr\u0259si \u00e7apdan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n fasil\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunan jurnal 1906-1918-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259, 1920-1921-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 8 n\u00f6mr\u0259 il\u0259 T\u0259brizd\u0259, 1922-1931-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 Bak\u0131da n\u0259\u015fr olunub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C.M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259nin z\u0259ngin b\u0259dii irsi, onun \u201cMolla N\u0259sr\u0259ddin\u201d jurnal\u0131 t\u0259kc\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda, C\u0259nubi Qafqazda deyil, \u0130ran v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi-ictimai fikrin inki\u015faf\u0131na q\u00fcvv\u0259tli t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259nin publisistikas\u0131, n\u0259sr v\u0259 dram \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131z m\u0259zmunca deyil, formaca da z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015fdirib. O, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 ki\u00e7ik hekay\u0259 janr\u0131n\u0131n misilsiz ustas\u0131d\u0131r. Onun \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 hekay\u0259l\u0259ri \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm sosial m\u0259tl\u0259bl\u0259ri son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 y\u0131\u011fcam bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, m\u0259har\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259ks etdirm\u0259k bax\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00fcnya \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n kamil n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 bir s\u0131rada durur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

XX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan dramaturgiyas\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131nda yeni bir m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259ni t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n “\u00d6l\u00fcl\u0259r” komediyas\u0131 1909-cu ild\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131b. \u018fs\u0259rd\u0259 din, m\u00f6vhumat v\u0259 feodal h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi \u0259leyhin\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259ksini tap\u0131b. “\u00d6l\u00fcl\u0259r”d\u0259 c\u0259hal\u0259t, gerilik, iki\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fck v\u0259 yalan if\u015fa olunur. Avaml\u0131q v\u0259 nadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n n\u0259 kimi b\u0259lalar yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. Bu komediyan\u0131 yazmaqda b\u00f6y\u00fck dramaturqun m\u0259qs\u0259di m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri xalqlar\u0131n\u0131 uzun \u0259srl\u0259r c\u0259hal\u0259td\u0259 saxlayan, m\u00f6vhumat i\u00e7ind\u0259 \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcd\u0259n, dini, \u015f\u0259ri\u0259ti soy\u011fun\u00e7uluq vasit\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evir\u0259n yalan\u00e7\u0131, f\u0131r\u0131ldaq\u00e7\u0131 ruhanil\u0259rin h\u0259qiqi simas\u0131n\u0131 oldu\u011fu kimi xalqa tan\u0131tmaq olmu\u015fdur. C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259nin t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar olan materiallar, arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri v\u0259 xatir\u0259l\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, \u015eeyx N\u0259srullah sur\u0259tinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259llifin \u015fahidi oldu\u011fu konkret tarixi faktlar\u0131n v\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259siri olmu\u015fdur. \u015eeyx N\u0259srullah b\u00fct\u00fcn Yax\u0131n v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259ciyy\u0259vi olan canl\u0131, tipik v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b bir ruhani obraz\u0131d\u0131r. \u018fdib \u015eeyx N\u0259srullah\u0131n \u0259ksi olaraq yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kefli \u0130sk\u0259nd\u0259r obraz\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 xalq\u0131 oyatma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1916-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da s\u0259hn\u0259y\u0259 qoyulmu\u015f “\u00d6l\u00fcl\u0259r” komediyas\u0131 uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rq \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin teatrlar\u0131nda oynan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259 \u201cYeni yol\u201d q\u0259zetinin redaktoru, \u00dcmumittifaq M\u0259rk\u0259zi Yeni \u018flifba Komit\u0259sinin \u00fczv\u00fc, Bak\u0131 Azad T\u0259nqid-T\u0259bli\u011f Teatr\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan olub, \u201cMaarif v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u201d, \u201cYeni k\u0259nd\u201d, \u201c\u015e\u0259rq qad\u0131n\u0131\u201d v\u0259 s. m\u0259tbuat orqanlar\u0131nda f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fdib yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda milli \u015f\u00fcur (\u201cAnam\u0131n kitab\u0131\u201d, 1919), m\u0259kt\u0259b t\u0259rbiy\u0259si, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 xalq maarifi (\u201cDanaba\u015f k\u0259ndinin m\u0259kt\u0259bi\u201d, 1921) probleml\u0259rin\u0259 geni\u015f yer verib. \u201cD\u0259li y\u0131\u011f\u0131nca\u011f\u0131\u201d (1936-c\u0131 ild\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunub) pyesind\u0259 feodal-patriarxal m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri, din v\u0259 fanatizmi k\u0259skin t\u0259nqid at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 tutub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259 1907-ci ild\u0259 \u0259dib H\u0259mid\u0259 xan\u0131m \u018fhm\u0259db\u0259y q\u0131z\u0131 Cavan\u015firl\u0259 ail\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131 qurub. Bu izdivacdan onlar\u0131n Midh\u0259t v\u0259 \u018fnv\u0259r adl\u0131 iki o\u011fullar\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259dib 4 yanvar 1932-ci ild\u0259 Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259fat edib. M\u0259zar\u0131 F\u0259xri xiyabandad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259nb\u0259:\u00a0<\/strong><\/a>https:\/\/azertag.az<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu g\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131-dramaturq, maarif\u00e7i-publisist, na\u015fir C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259nin anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 154-c\u00fc ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc tamam olur. AZ\u018fRTAC x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259nin anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 150 illiyi Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin m\u00fcvafiq S\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131 il\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 silsil\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259rl\u0259 qeyd edilib. C\u0259lil M\u0259mm\u0259dquluzad\u0259 \u0259dib realist hekay\u0259l\u0259ri, povestl\u0259ri, dram \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri (\u201cD\u0259li y\u0131\u011f\u0131nca\u011f\u0131\u201d, \u201cAnam\u0131n kitab\u0131\u201d, “\u00d6l\u00fcl\u0259r”) il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131na d\u0259y\u0259rli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medeniyyat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44414","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=44414"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44414\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44439,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44414\/revisions\/44439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=44414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=44414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=44414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}