{"id":44741,"date":"2023-02-22T17:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-22T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=44741"},"modified":"2023-02-22T17:05:24","modified_gmt":"2023-02-22T13:05:24","slug":"s%c9%99rvan%c9%99-dagtumas-%c9%99d%c9%99biyyatda-gender-problemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=44741","title":{"rendered":"S\u0259rvan\u0259 DA\u011eTUMAS.&#8221;\u018fd\u0259biyyatda gender problemi&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/sde.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"699\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/sde.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-44744\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/sde.png 699w, https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/sde-300x176.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 699px) 100vw, 699px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fd\u0259biyyat m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259r\u0259 bir zaman v\u0259 m\u0259kana xas gender rollar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 ya alt-\u00fcst etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan ver\u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc bir vasit\u0259dir. Ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 b\u0259zi kitablar insanlar\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259rini qavramas\u0131na bir ne\u00e7\u0259 yolla m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir edirdi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1.Ciddi gender rollar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 stereotipl\u0259ri t\u0259bli\u011f etm\u0259kl\u0259.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015f normaya uy\u011fun g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259ri intizam t\u0259nbeh etm\u0259kl\u0259.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. M\u00fcxt\u0259lif cinsl\u0259rd\u0259n olan insanlar\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, oxucu v\u0259 personaj kimi nec\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259 bilm\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259sir etm\u0259kl\u0259.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu amill\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat gender t\u0259nqidinin&nbsp;yaranmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn fon rolunu oynad\u0131&nbsp;.&nbsp;Bu t\u0259dqiqat sah\u0259si insanlar\u0131n gender rollar\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 q\u0259bul etm\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gender t\u0259nqidi \u0259d\u0259bi t\u0259nqidin davam\u0131d\u0131r, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir cinsin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k v\u0259 insana t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn simvollardan nec\u0259 istifad\u0259 etdiyin\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirir.&nbsp;Burada m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdiyi b\u0259zi \u015feyl\u0259r var:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cinsi dil.&nbsp;M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 insanlara aid ki\u015fi \u0259v\u0259zlikl\u0259rind\u0259n (o, o, onun) istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259si daxildir.&nbsp;Bu tendensiya ki\u015fi olma\u011f\u0131n norma hesab edildiyi, qad\u0131n\u0131n is\u0259 \u201cdig\u0259ri\u201d kimi qeyd edildiyi tarixi patriarxat\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259si idi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Personaj se\u00e7imi&nbsp;. Ki\u015fi personajlar\u0131 tez-tez \u00f6z ki\u015filiyini v\u0259 fiziki g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc b\u0259rq\u0259rar ed\u0259r\u0259k, apar\u0131c\u0131 rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131lar. Qad\u0131n personajlar he\u00e7 bir azadl\u0131q v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qillik se\u00e7imi olmadan hakimiyy\u0259ti q\u0259bul etm\u0259li idil\u0259r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00fc\u0259llifin cinsiyy\u0259tinin qavran\u0131lmas\u0131&nbsp;. Ki\u015fi yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6z hekay\u0259l\u0259rini dan\u0131\u015fmaqda ciddi \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc var idi. Bunun \u0259ksin\u0259 olaraq, qad\u0131n yaz\u0131lar\u0131 \u0259xlaqs\u0131zl\u0131q hesab edilir, q\u0259r\u0259zli davran\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 s\u0259rt t\u0259nqid edilirdi. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131nda pe\u015f\u0259kar \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 q\u0259bul olunmaq \u015fans\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ki\u015fi t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcsl\u0259ri il\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259li oldular.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Q\u0259rb v\u0259 rus yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 v\u0259 filosoflar\u0131 qad\u0131n\u0131n c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259ki m\u00f6vqeyi problemini \u0259sas\u0259n gender problemi il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirirdil\u0259r, \u00e7\u00fcnki d\u00fcnyan\u0131 qavramaqda ki\u015fi prioritetl\u0259rin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 qad\u0131na ikinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li rol t\u0259yin etmi\u015fdir. Qad\u0131n\u0131n iki yolu var idi: ya \u201cb\u0259d\u0259n\u201d olmaq, ya da \u201cb\u0259d\u0259n\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131\u201d realla\u015fma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaq. Rusiyada demokratik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259li t\u0259nqid\u00e7il\u0259r qad\u0131n\u0131n ail\u0259 z\u00fclm\u00fcnd\u0259n tam azad olunmas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 idil\u0259r, qad\u0131n\u0131n ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t oldu\u011funu t\u0259kid edirdil\u0259r. M\u00f6vcud \u0259xlaq\u0131 tamamil\u0259 inkar ed\u0259n nihilistl\u0259r ifrat m\u00f6vqe tutaraq, qad\u0131nlar\u0131n c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259ki statusunu k\u00f6k\u00fcnd\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131blar. \u0130nqilabi demokratiyan\u0131n liderl\u0259ri, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, qad\u0131nlar\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131lar, ail\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq m\u00fcst\u0259qil m\u00f6vcudluqdan ibar\u0259t olan b\u0259rab\u0259rliy\u0259 aparan yol g\u00f6st\u0259rdil\u0259r.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rus \u015fairi Vera Pavlova valideyn despotizmi, qeyri-b\u0259rab\u0259r evlilikl\u0259r, sevgi m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259l\u0259ri kimi aktual probleml\u0259r\u0259 c\u0259lbedici v\u0259 a\u015fkar h\u0259ll\u0259r t\u0259klif edirdi. Yeni estetikan\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 yaln\u0131z m\u00f6vcud d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 v\u0259 forma stereotipl\u0259rinin da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Sevgid\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qillik u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259si zaman\u0131 Vera anlad\u0131 ki, onu azad qad\u0131n etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259 evlilik, n\u0259 d\u0259 &#8220;azad&#8221; sevgi kifay\u0259tdir. Bu d\u00f6vr\u00fcn \u0259ks\u0259r rus qad\u0131nlar\u0131 kimi o, iqtisadi m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin cinsi azadl\u0131q v\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259rlikd\u0259n daha vacib oldu\u011funu ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc: \u201cM\u0259n he\u00e7 kim\u0259 boyun \u0259ym\u0259k ist\u0259mir\u0259m, azad olmaq ist\u0259yir\u0259m, he\u00e7 kim\u0259 borclu olmaq ist\u0259mir\u0259m. ki, he\u00e7 kim m\u0259n\u0259 dem\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259sar\u0259t etm\u0259sin: s\u0259n m\u0259nim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259s\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 borclusan\u201d .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcst\u0259qilliy\u0259 can atan m\u00fcasirl\u0259r, Vera Pavlovada h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t, irad\u0259 v\u0259 cinsi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n layiqli bir n\u00fcmun\u0259 g\u00f6rd\u00fcl\u0259r. Bu, 1860-c\u0131 ill\u0259rin nihilist proqram\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Nihilistl\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdil\u0259r m\u00fctl\u0259q siyasi yollarla deyil v\u0259 bu bax\u0131mdan onlar bu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yaln\u0131z b\u0259zi c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259n feministl\u0259rd\u0259n k\u0259skin \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nirdil\u0259r. Feministl\u0259r qad\u0131nlar\u0131n m\u00f6vqeyini t\u0259kam\u00fcl yolu il\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar (i\u015f \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k, ail\u0259d\u0259 rolunu art\u0131rmaq bax\u0131m\u0131ndan); nihilistl\u0259r is\u0259 ail\u0259nin boyunduru\u011fundan d\u0259rhal tam qurtulma\u011f\u0131, nikah azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, cinsi b\u0259rab\u0259rliyi &#8211; y\u0259ni \u015f\u0259xsi emansipasiyan\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 edirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nihilistl\u0259r (rus yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259), feministl\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq, \u00f6z g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rini v\u0259 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ki\u015fil\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 vur\u011fulayaraq, ita\u0259tkar davran\u0131rd\u0131lar, lakin real h\u0259yatda h\u0259r \u015fey romanlardak\u0131 kimi sad\u0259 deyildi. Rusiya c\u0259miyy\u0259ti qad\u0131n\u0131n ail\u0259d\u0259n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul etmirdi. Bu m\u00f6vqe rus yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 v\u0259 filosoflar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: \u0130.S.Turgenevin \u201cAtalar v\u0259 o\u011fullar\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 nihilist qad\u0131n ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 ya g\u00fclm\u0259li, ya da b\u0259db\u0259xt kimi g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. Turgenev \u201cAtalar v\u0259 o\u011fullar\u201dda nihilisti karikaturaya \u00e7\u0259kib: onun Evdokia Kuk\u015fina-s\u0131 siqaret \u00e7\u0259kir, q\u0259tiyy\u0259n rahat geyinir. Kimyaya olan s\u0259thi ehtirasla birl\u0259\u015f\u0259n qeyri-t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259li davran\u0131\u015f modaya veril\u0259n qiym\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Feminizm qad\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131r : s\u0259sverm\u0259 h\u00fcququ, d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259zif\u0259si tutmaq h\u00fcququ, i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k h\u00fcququ v\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r maa\u015f, m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t h\u00fcququ , t\u0259hsil , \u0259m\u0259liyyatlarda i\u015ftirak, evlilikd\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r h\u00fcquqlar, h\u00fcquq anal\u0131q m\u0259zuniyy\u0259ti v\u0259 do\u011fu\u015f , b\u0259d\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyi v\u0259 toxunulmazl\u0131q h\u00fcququ (qad\u0131nlar\u0131 v\u0259 q\u0131zlar\u0131 zorlamadan , cinsi t\u0259cav\u00fczd\u0259n v\u0259 m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t zorak\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan qorumaq ) v\u0259 daha \u00e7ox \u015fey. Terminin m\u00fc\u0259llifi \u015earl Furyedir. Feminist n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 gender b\u0259rab\u0259rsizliyini anlamaq m\u0259qs\u0259di da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rv\u0259 gender siyas\u0259ti, g\u00fcc m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 seksuall\u0131\u011fa diqq\u0259t yetirir. Feminist n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259dqiq olunan m\u00f6vzulara ayr\u0131-se\u00e7kilik, stereotipl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 , obyektivl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 (x\u00fcsusil\u0259 cinsi obyektl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 ), z\u00fclm v\u0259 patriarxiya daxildir .&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Feminist,\u0259d\u0259biyyat\u015f\u00fcnas Elaine Showalter \u0259d\u0259bi t\u0259nqid\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k, qinotirizm adl\u0131 &#8220;qad\u0131nlar\u0131n yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 kimi&#8221; \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259sini t\u0259svir ed\u0259n bir termini yaratd\u0131, &#8220;qad\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hlili \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qad\u0131n \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259si&#8221; ni qurdu. Qad\u0131n yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n tarixi t\u0259dqiqini f\u0259rqli bir \u0259d\u0259bi \u0259n\u0259n\u0259 kimi geni\u015fl\u0259ndir\u0259r\u0259k, ginoritistl\u0259r \u0259d\u0259bi yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ki\u015fi modell\u0259rini \u0259v\u0259z etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qad\u0131n t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sinin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259si \u0259sas\u0131nda yeni modell\u0259r haz\u0131rlama\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Qinoritizm qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259sini v\u0259 cinsiyy\u0259tin sosial qurulu\u015funu da ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. Elaine Showalter-\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, qinorittika t\u0259kc\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n gender statusu kimi deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n \u201cdaxili \u015f\u00fcurunu\u201d \u00f6yr\u0259nir. Qad\u0131n subkulturas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 qad\u0131n modelinin n\u00fcmayi\u015fi qinoritizmin niyy\u0259tidir. Feminist h\u0259r\u0259kat qad\u0131n yaz\u0131lar\u0131na yeni maraq yaradan feminist fantastika , feminist qeyri- b\u0259dii \u0259d\u0259biyyat v\u0259 feminist poeziya yaratd\u0131. Bu, h\u0259m\u00e7inin qad\u0131nlar\u0131n h\u0259yatlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 t\u00f6hf\u0259l\u0259rinin elmi maraq sah\u0259l\u0259ri kimi kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r t\u0259qdim edilm\u0259diyin\u0259 dair inanclara cavab olaraq qad\u0131nlar\u0131n tarixi v\u0259 akademik t\u00f6hf\u0259l\u0259rinin \u00fcmumi yenid\u0259n qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259kan verdi. Feminist \u0259d\u0259biyyat v\u0259 aktivizm aras\u0131nda s\u0131x \u0259laq\u0259 d\u0259 olmu\u015fdur , feminist yaz\u0131lar ad\u0259t\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 feminizmin \u0259sas narahatl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ya fikirl\u0259rini dil\u0259 g\u0259tirir. Feminist \u0259d\u0259bi elmin erk\u0259n d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ox hiss\u0259si qad\u0131nlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u0259tnl\u0259rin yenid\u0259n k\u0259\u015ffin\u0259 v\u0259 b\u0259rpas\u0131na verildi. Q\u0259rb feminist \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Deyl Spenderin \u201c Roman\u0131n Analar\u0131\u201d v\u0259 Ceyn Spenserin \u201c Qad\u0131n roman\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcks\u0259li\u015fi\u201d kimi t\u0259dqiqatlar qad\u0131nlar\u0131n h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 yazd\u0131qlar\u0131na dair t\u0259kidl\u0259 z\u0259min yaratd\u0131. &nbsp;Virciniya Vulfun \u201c\u00d6z\u00fcn\u0259 aid otaq\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 Vulf sosial \u0259dal\u0259tsizlikl\u0259ri ara\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn metaforalardan istifad\u0259 edir v\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n ifad\u0259 azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259r verir. Onun bal\u0131q metaforas\u0131 onun \u0259n vacib fikrini izah edir: \u201cQad\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259dii \u0259d\u0259biyyat yazmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pulu v\u0259 \u00f6z ota\u011f\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r\u201d.Qad\u0131n bir fikir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flayanda g\u00f6z\u0259t\u00e7i qad\u0131nlar\u0131n otaqda g\u0259zm\u0259sin\u0259 icaz\u0259 verilm\u0259diyi bir qayda t\u0259tbiq edir. Qaydaya riay\u0259t ed\u0259n qad\u0131n fikrini itirir. Burada Vulf qad\u0131nlar\u0131n sosial g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259rinin t\u0259sirini sad\u0259c\u0259 ev u\u015faqlar\u0131, cahil v\u0259 iff\u0259tli kimi t\u0259svir edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Feminist poeziya. \u0130lk feminist \u015fair Sappho olub. Sappho Q\u0259dim Yunan\u0131stan\u0131n Lesbos (lezbiyan\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi) adas\u0131ndan idi. O, Q\u0259dim Yunan\u0131standa qad\u0131n homoseksuall\u0131\u011f\u0131, lezbiyan seksuall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0259t\u0259n g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edildiyi v\u0259 ya silindiyi bir m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t v\u0259 zaman haqq\u0131nda yaz\u0131rd\u0131. &nbsp;Fenwick-in &#8220;Kaliban bac\u0131lar\u0131&#8221; \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131n &#8220;cins v\u0259 irqil\u0259\u015fmi\u015f m\u00fcqavim\u0259t m\u00f6vqeyi&#8221; kimi t\u0259svir edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Feminist elmi fantastika. Le Guin &#8220;Qaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sol \u0259li&#8221; \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 Estraven h\u0259m ki\u015fi, h\u0259m d\u0259 qad\u0131n x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirir. \u0130\u015f\u0131q qaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sol \u0259li, qaranl\u0131q is\u0259 i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n sa\u011f \u0259lidir. \u0130kisi bir, \u00f6l\u00fcml\u0259 h\u0259yat, a\u015fiql\u0259r kimi, birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u0259ll\u0259r kimi, son v\u0259 yol kimi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Coanna Rus &#8220;Qad\u0131n ki\u015fi&#8221; roman\u0131. Roman zaman v\u0259 m\u0259kan bax\u0131m\u0131ndan bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rqli paralel kainatlarda ya\u015fayan d\u00f6rd qad\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131ndan b\u0259hs edir. Qad\u0131nlar bir-birl\u0259rinin d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n\u0131 ziyar\u0259t edir, v\u0259 gender rollar\u0131, qad\u0131n v\u0259 qad\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n sosial konvensiyalar haqq\u0131nda f\u0259rqli bax\u0131\u015flardan \u00e7a\u015f\u0131b qal\u0131rlar. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri onlara h\u0259yatlar\u0131n\u0131 yenid\u0259n qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 qad\u0131n olma\u011f\u0131n n\u0259 dem\u0259k oldu\u011funu yenid\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259sir edir. Sonda d\u00f6rd qad\u0131n\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 eyni qad\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rd f\u0259rqli versiyas\u0131 oldu\u011funu v\u0259 \u00f6z d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n\u0131n patriarxal konvensiyalar\u0131ndan azad ola bildikl\u0259rini k\u0259\u015ff edirl\u0259r.Roman\u0131n ad\u0131 \u00f6z cinsind\u0259n k\u0259narda h\u00f6rm\u0259t v\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn &#8220;qad\u0131n ki\u015fi&#8221;y\u0259 \u00e7evril\u0259n Joanna personaj\u0131ndan g\u0259lir. \u201cQad\u0131n ki\u015fi\u201d ki\u015fi a\u011fl\u0131 olan, b\u0259d\u0259ni v\u0259 ruhu h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 qad\u0131n olan qad\u0131nd\u0131r. Coannan\u0131n metaforik transformasiyas\u0131 onun qad\u0131nlar\u0131n ki\u015fil\u0259rd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 r\u0259dd ed\u0259r\u0259k b\u0259rab\u0259rlik axtarmaq q\u0259rar\u0131na istinad edir v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7 q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131n etdiyi s\u0259yah\u0259tl\u0259ri \u0259ks etdirir. Roman qad\u0131nlar\u0131n h\u0259r biri \u00f6z h\u0259yat\u0131na, d\u00fcnyas\u0131na v\u0259 qad\u0131n kimliyin\u0259 yeni bax\u0131\u015f buca\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 ayr\u0131laraq d\u00fcnyalar\u0131na qay\u0131tmas\u0131 il\u0259 sona \u00e7at\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oktavia Butler &#8220;Qad\u0131n&#8221; hekay\u0259si. Qarad\u0259rili qad\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259ssasl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. Hekay\u0259nin emosional n\u00fcv\u0259sini t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n iki irql\u0259raras\u0131 c\u00fctl\u00fck vasit\u0259sil\u0259 roman h\u0259m d\u0259 g\u00fcc, cinsiyy\u0259t v\u0259 irq probleml\u0259rinin k\u0259si\u015fm\u0259sini ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k b\u0259rab\u0259rlik perspektivl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda f\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259r apar\u0131r. \u018fs\u0259r m\u00fcasir qarad\u0259rili qad\u0131n\u0131n quldarl\u0131q c\u0259miyy\u0259tini nec\u0259 ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r, burada qarad\u0259rilil\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti m\u00fclk hesab olunurdu, &#8220;b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259miyy\u0259tin siz\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 y\u0131\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8221; bir d\u00fcnya. Qohum s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn anlam\u0131 var. \u018fg\u0259r Amerika daha yax\u015f\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259k ist\u0259yirs\u0259, qarad\u0259rilil\u0259rin v\u0259 a\u011flar\u0131n bu qohumlu\u011fu etiraf edilm\u0259lidir. Butlerin Dana v\u0259 Kevinin ox\u015far maraqlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ortaq inanclar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qohum s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n ilk d\u0259f\u0259 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259sind\u0259n ayd\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Dana v\u0259 Kevinin m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri qara v\u0259 a\u011f irqli Amerikan\u0131n bar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yol g\u00f6st\u0259rir: onlar \u00f6lk\u0259nin irq\u00e7i ke\u00e7mi\u015fi il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259lidirl\u0259r ki, qohum kimi birg\u0259 ya\u015fama\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259 bilsinl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marqaret Atvud &#8220;Qulluq\u00e7u&#8221; na\u011f\u0131l\u0131. Futuristik distopiya roman\u0131d\u0131r. \u018fs\u0259rin q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131, t\u0259hkiy\u0259\u00e7i Gileadda hakim sinif olan &#8220;komandirl\u0259r&#8221; \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6vlad yeti\u015fdirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 zorlanan &#8220;k\u0259nizl\u0259rd\u0259n&#8221;, qad\u0131nlardan biridir. Roman patriarxal c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 tabe edilmi\u015f qad\u0131nlar, qad\u0131n s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin v\u0259 f\u0259rdiliyinin itirilm\u0259si, qad\u0131nlar\u0131n reproduktiv h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n bo\u011fulmas\u0131, qad\u0131nlar\u0131n m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k f\u0259rdilik v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qillik \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif vasit\u0259l\u0259ri ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. Ba\u015fl\u0131q bir-birin\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 hekay\u0259l\u0259r silsil\u0259si (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, &#8220;Tacirin na\u011f\u0131l\u0131&#8221; v\u0259 &#8220;Parsonun na\u011f\u0131l\u0131&#8221;) olan Cefri \u00c7auserin Kenterberi na\u011f\u0131llar\u0131&#8221;n\u0131n t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rini \u0259ks etdirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Feminist qeyri-b\u0259dii \u0259d\u0259biyyat. Maya Angelounun \u201c M\u0259n Bilir\u0259m Niy\u0259 Q\u0259f\u0259sli Qu\u015f Oxuyur \u201d \u0259s\u0259ri AB\u015e-da b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u0259n qarad\u0259rili qad\u0131nlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 x\u00fcsusi irq\u00e7ilik v\u0259 cinsiyy\u0259t\u00e7iliyi t\u0259msil etdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 t\u0259sirli idi. \u018fs\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259llifin g\u0259nclik ill\u0259rini t\u0259svir ed\u0259n tarixi avtobioqrafik \u0259s\u0259rdir, xarakterin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat sevgisinin irq\u00e7ilik v\u0259 travman\u0131n \u00f6hd\u0259sind\u0259n g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259 nec\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yini g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n yetkinlik hekay\u0259sidir. \u018fs\u0259rin q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 Maya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131l\u0131q kompleksi il\u0259 irq\u00e7iliyin qurban\u0131 q\u0259r\u0259zl\u0259r\u0259 cavab ver\u0259 bil\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 sahib, l\u0259yaq\u0259tli bir g\u0259nc qad\u0131na \u00e7evrildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fd\u0259biyyatla ba\u011fl\u0131 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n tarixind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t ilk qad\u0131n tarix\u00e7i Hrotsvithad\u0131r.Lat\u0131n Q\u0259rbind\u0259 dramlar yazan ilk \u015f\u0259xs v\u0259 ilk alman qad\u0131n \u015fairi hesab olunur. Onun mifl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259si, \u0130slam\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bakir\u0259liy\u0259, \u015f\u0259hidliy\u0259 v\u0259 xristian d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rinin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirm\u0259kl\u0259 xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda yazark\u0259n x\u00fcsusi perspektivi g\u00f6st\u0259rir. \u0130blis Hrosvitan\u0131n bir \u00e7ox \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 tez-tez i\u015ftirak edir v\u0259 o, onu d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn konvensiyalar\u0131na uy\u011fun olaraq xarakteriz\u0259 edir. &#8220;Dionysius&#8221; v\u0259 &#8220;M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Aqnes&#8221; \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 o, erk\u0259n xristianlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259hidlikl\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259hs edir. Hrosvitan\u0131n pyesl\u0259ri hagioqrafiya \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri idi. Hagioqrafiya m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s ruhaninin bioqrqfiyas\u0131, idealla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hal\u0131d\u0131r. Passio m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259sin \u015f\u0259hid olmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumatd\u0131r. Onun pyesl\u0259rind\u0259 xristian qad\u0131nlar\u0131n iff\u0259ti v\u0259 \u0259zmkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 z\u0259if v\u0259 emosional olaraq t\u0259svir edil\u0259n Roma qad\u0131nlar\u0131 il\u0259 ziddiyy\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkil edir. \u201cDulcitius\u201d v\u0259 \u201cSapientia\u201d bakir\u0259 \u015f\u0259hidlik hekay\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259hs edir. \u201cDulcitius\u201d Hrotsvitan\u0131n m\u00fcasir komediya janr\u0131na uy\u011fun g\u0259l\u0259n yegan\u0259 komediyas\u0131d\u0131r. Qad\u0131nlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcmumi bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259zyiq formas\u0131 olan t\u0259cav\u00fczd\u0259n b\u0259hs edir. Din qad\u0131nlara azadl\u0131q v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qillik ver\u0259 bil\u0259r, onlara g\u00fcc ver\u0259 bil\u0259r. &nbsp;Hrotsvitha pyesl\u0259rind\u0259 evlilik, zorlama v\u0259 obyekt kimi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259k kimi d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn qad\u0131nlar\u0131na t\u0259sir ed\u0259n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirir. Qad\u0131nlar\u0131n o zamank\u0131 h\u0259yatlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 se\u00e7iml\u0259rini yax\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirir.O, qad\u0131nlar\u0131 f\u0259zil\u0259tli, c\u0259sar\u0259tli, haz\u0131rcavab v\u0259 Allaha yax\u0131n kimi q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 ver\u0259rk\u0259n, o, yaln\u0131z bir ki\u015fi haqq\u0131nda nifr\u0259t etm\u0259d\u0259n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n qeyri-m\u00fct\u0259nasib \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 s\u0131naqlara m\u0259ruz qald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az\u0259rbaycanda feminizmin d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259bli\u011fat\u0131n\u0131 aparan yegan\u0259 \u015f\u0259xs hesab etdiyim qad\u0131n \u015fair\u0259 Aysel \u018flizad\u0259dir. \u018fs\u0259rl\u0259ri: &#8220;Qad\u0131n pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r&#8221; (roman). \u018fs\u0259rl\u0259ri: &#8220;Qad\u0131n&#8221;, &#8220;Seksin poeziyas\u0131&#8221; \u015feirl\u0259r, &#8220;Q\u0131zlar a\u011flamaz&#8221;. O, O\u015fonun &#8220;Qad\u0131nlar\u0131n kitab\u0131&#8221; v\u0259 &#8220;Ki\u015fil\u0259rin kitab\u0131&#8221; \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini dilimiz\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edib. \u201cSeksin poeziyas\u0131\u201d \u0259s\u0259rinin bu c\u00fcr adlanmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi var. Stereotipl\u0259ri, doqmalar\u0131, kifl\u0259nmi\u015f \u0259ng\u0259ll\u0259ri q\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu ad qoyulub. M\u0259n\u0259vi s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259ri &#8211; o s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259r ki, insan\u0131n azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ng\u0259l yarad\u0131r, bunlar\u0131 q\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn. Bir \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259, c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq bir termin problemli qar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131rsa, \u0259d\u0259bsiz, ay\u0131b s\u00f6z hesab edilirs\u0259, orada daha \u00fcst pill\u0259y\u0259 qalx\u0131b n\u0259yis\u0259 h\u0259ll etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcns\u00fczd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnki Avropa, Q\u0259rb yaln\u0131z seksual inqilabdan sonra inki\u015faf etdi. Seks problemini h\u0259ll ed\u0259nd\u0259n sonra demokratiya qura bildi. \u0130nsan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259m\u0259l prinsipl\u0259ri quruldu. Bunsuz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. &#8220;Seks&#8221; ingilisc\u0259d\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259d\u0259 &#8220;cins&#8221; dem\u0259kdir. Frans\u0131z filosofu, feminizmin banil\u0259rind\u0259n hesab olunan Simone de Bevuar &#8220;The second sex&#8221; adl\u0131 bir kitab yaz\u0131b. Az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259d\u0259 kitab\u0131n ad\u0131 &#8220;ikinci cins&#8221; olur. M\u00fc\u0259llif ikinci cins kimi qad\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur v\u0259 onun c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259ki probleml\u0259rind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Niy\u0259 ikinci cins? \u00c7\u00fcnki s\u00f6z haqq\u0131 yoxdur, se\u00e7im haqq\u0131 yoxdur, t\u0259hsilini, \u0259rini, ana olub-olmamas\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7\u0259 bilmir, havay\u0131 xadim\u0259lik, bax\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q rolunu oynay\u0131r. \u00dcst\u0259lik, \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu \u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n seksual istismara m\u0259ruz qal\u0131r. Bu kitaba minl\u0259rl\u0259 qad\u0131n d\u0259st\u0259k verdi. Minl\u0259rl\u0259 qad\u0131n qo\u015fuldu. \u00c7\u00fcnki m\u00fc\u0259llif onun ya\u015famlar\u0131ndan yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu kitab qad\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n sevimli kitablar\u0131ndan biri oldu, biz is\u0259 seks\u0259 intim m\u00fcnasib\u0259t deyirik. \u00a0M\u00fc\u0259llif \u201cQ\u0131zlar a\u011flamaz\u201d kitab\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bsiz nifr\u0259tl\u0259rin b\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcy\u00fc bir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 yaz\u0131b. Bu o \u00e7a\u011fd\u0131r ki, qad\u0131nlara nifr\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u201cicad edilmi\u015f\u201d s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r dem\u0259k olar t\u00fck\u0259nmi\u015fdi. Feminist ruhda, \u0259qid\u0259d\u0259 yaz\u0131lan bu kitab radikal \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u0131 il\u0259 se\u00e7ilir, amma m\u00fc\u0259llif h\u0259m d\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn radikall\u0131\u011f\u0131na, a\u00e7\u0131ql\u0131\u011f\u0131na r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n milli \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcd\u0259rk probleml\u0259rini g\u00f6zard\u0131 etm\u0259yib, feminizm qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u201c\u0259b\u0259di g\u00fcnah dal\u011falar\u0131\u201d alt\u0131ndan xilas olmaq ist\u0259yind\u0259n yaran\u0131b. H\u0259vva anan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131b\u0259lal\u0131 alma hekay\u0259tind\u0259n b\u0259ri insanlar daim qad\u0131na faci\u0259l\u0259rinin baiskar\u0131 kimi yana\u015f\u0131blar.Kitabda b\u0259zi ki\u015fil\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tin q\u0259bul olunas\u0131 fikirl\u0259r var. Bunlara baxmayaraq bu kitab\u0131 daha \u00e7ox ki\u015fil\u0259r oxumal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnki Ayselin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab ki\u015fil\u0259ri t\u0259crid etm\u0259y\u0259 hesablanmay\u0131b, \u0259ksin\u0259 bu yaz\u0131lar ortal\u0131qdak\u0131 probleml\u0259ri birg\u0259 h\u0259ll etm\u0259k, ac\u0131 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n birg\u0259 d\u0259rs almaq m\u0259qs\u0259di da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. \u201cAlfonslar\u201d, \u201cM\u0259\u015fhurlar\u201d, \u201cZorak\u0131 ki\u015fil\u0259r \u2013 qad\u0131nd\u00f6y\u0259nl\u0259r\u201d, \u201cBunun ba\u015f\u0131papaql\u0131s\u0131 yoxdur?\u201d kimi yaz\u0131larda b\u0259zi ki\u015fil\u0259r \u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 rastla\u015fa bil\u0259rl\u0259r. \u018fs\u0259r do\u011fulan kimi q\u0131zlar\u0131n sal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259libl\u0259rin onlar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u0259yatlar\u0131na nec\u0259 t\u0259sir etdiyind\u0259n b\u0259hs edir. Kitab 30 may Beyn\u0259lxalq feminizm g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u0259 h\u0259sr olunub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u0259nb\u0259: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ceylanmumoglu.com\/\">https:\/\/www.ceylanmumoglu.com\/<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u018fd\u0259biyyat m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259r\u0259 bir zaman v\u0259 m\u0259kana xas gender rollar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 ya alt-\u00fcst etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan ver\u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc bir vasit\u0259dir. Ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 b\u0259zi kitablar insanlar\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259rini qavramas\u0131na bir ne\u00e7\u0259 yolla m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir edirdi: 1.Ciddi gender rollar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 stereotipl\u0259ri t\u0259bli\u011f etm\u0259kl\u0259. 2. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015f normaya uy\u011fun g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259ri intizam t\u0259nbeh etm\u0259kl\u0259. 3. M\u00fcxt\u0259lif cinsl\u0259rd\u0259n olan insanlar\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pub"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=44741"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44741\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44745,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44741\/revisions\/44745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=44741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=44741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=44741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}