{"id":54065,"date":"2026-11-10T20:41:52","date_gmt":"2026-11-10T16:41:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=54065"},"modified":"2026-11-10T20:45:07","modified_gmt":"2026-11-10T16:45:07","slug":"10-kasim-cagdas-turkiye-cumhuriyetinin-kurucusu-ve-mimari-onerim-sayin-osman-gazi-mustafa-kemal-ataturkun-anim-gunu-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/?p=54065","title":{"rendered":"10 Kas\u0131m-\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrkiye C\u00fcmhuriyetinin kurucusu ve mimar\u0131 \u00d6nerim Say\u0131n Osman Gazi Mustafa Kemal ATAT\u00dcRK\u00fcn an\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/52148.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/52148.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-54068\" srcset=\"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/52148.jpg 250w, https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/52148-197x300.jpg 197w, https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/52148-39x60.jpg 39w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa (Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi: \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627), Soyad\u0131 Kanunu\u2019ndan (1934) sonra Atat\u00fcrk[3] (19 May\u0131s 1881[2], Selanik \u2013 10 Kas\u0131m 1938, \u0130stanbul), T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin 1923\u2019ten 1938\u2019e de\u011fin g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f kurucusu ve ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, mare\u015fal ve daha evvelinde bir Osmanl\u0131 subay\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i\u00e7in hem de 16 ya\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 cepheye gidememi\u015ftir. Bu okulu ikincilikle bitirdi.[32] 13 Mart 1899\u2019da[33] [34] \u0130stanbul\u2019da Mekteb-i Harbiye-i \u015eahane\u2019ye girdi. Birinci s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 27., ikinci s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 11., \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 1902\u2019de m\u00fclaz\u0131m (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ismiyle Te\u011fmen) r\u00fctbesiyle 549 ki\u015fi aras\u0131ndan piyade s\u0131n\u0131f sekizincisi (1317 \u2013 P.8) olarak bitirdi.[32] Akabinde Erkan-\u0131 Harbiye Mektebi\u2019ne (Harp Akademisi) devam ederek 11 Ocak 1905\u2019te \u201dkurmay y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131\u201d r\u00fctbesiyle mezun oldu.[35]Askerlik (1905-1918)Erken d\u00f6nemK\u0131demli Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131Kurmay Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 Mustafa Kemal, mezuniyetinin ard\u0131ndan merkezi \u015eam\u2019da bulunan 5.Ordu\u2019ya staj amac\u0131yla g\u00f6nderildi. Bu staj\u0131nda piyade, s\u00fcvari ve top\u00e7u s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131nda g\u00f6rev ald\u0131.1905-1907 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u015eam\u2019da L\u00fctfi M\u00fcfit Bey (\u00d6zde\u015f) 5. Ordu emrinde g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131. \u0130lk staj\u0131 5. Ordu\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 30\u2019uncu S\u00fcvari Alay\u0131\u2019nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.[36] Bu d\u00f6nemde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck r\u00fctbeli stajyer bir kurmay subay olarak Suriye\u2019nin \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerindeki isyanlarla ilgilenen Mustafa Kemal, \u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sava\u015f\u201d (gerilla sava\u015f\u0131) \u00fczerine tecr\u00fcbe kazand\u0131. \u0130syanlarla u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6rt aydan sonra \u015eam\u2019a d\u00f6nd\u00fc. 1906 Ekim ay\u0131nda Binba\u015f\u0131 L\u00fctfi Bey, Dr. Mahmut Bey, L\u00fcfti M\u00fcfit (\u00d6zde\u015f) Bey ve asker\u00ee tabip Mustafa Cantekin ile \u2018Vatan ve H\u00fcrriyet\u2019 adl\u0131 bir cemiyeti kurduktan sonra ordudan izinsiz Sel\u00e2nik\u2019e gitti. Sel\u00e2nik Merkez Komutan Muavini Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 Cemil Bey (Uybad\u0131n)\u2019in yard\u0131m\u0131yla karaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve orada cemiyetinin \u015fubesini a\u00e7t\u0131. Bir s\u00fcre sonra arand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi ve ona a\u011fabeylik yapan Albay Hasan Bey, Yafa\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fcp oran\u0131n komutan\u0131 Ahmet Bey\u2019e M\u0131s\u0131r s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda B\u00eer\u00fcssebi\u2019ye g\u00f6nderildi\u011fini bildirmesini \u00f6nerdi. Ahmet Bey de Mustafa Kemal\u2019i B\u00eer\u00fcssebi\u2019ye tayin etti ve bir s\u00fcre sonra top\u00e7u staj i\u00e7in tekrar \u015eam\u2019a g\u00f6nderildi.[37] 20 Haziran 1907\u2019de Kola\u011fas\u0131 (k\u0131demli y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131) oldu ve 13 Ekim 1907\u2019de 3.Ordu\u2019ya kurmay olarak atand\u0131[35] ancak Sel\u00e2nik\u2019e vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u2018Vatan ve H\u00fcrriyet\u2019in \u015fubesinin \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019ne ilhak edildi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendi. Bu y\u00fczden kendisi de 1908 \u015eubat ay\u0131nda \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019ne \u00fcye oldu (\u00dcye numaras\u0131: 322)[38]. 22 Haziran 1908\u2019de Rumeli Do\u011fu B\u00f6lgesi Demiryollar\u0131 M\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011fine atand\u0131.[35]23 Temmuz 1908\u2019de Me\u015frutiyet\u2019in ilan\u0131ndan sonra Aral\u0131k 1908 sonlar\u0131nda[39] \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti taraf\u0131ndan toplumsal ve siyasal sorunlar\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenlik problemlerini incelemek \u00fczere bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Libya\u2019n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan Trablusgarp\u2019a g\u00f6nderildi. Burada 1908 Devrimi\u2019nin fikirlerini Libyal\u0131lara yaymaya ve buradaki n\u00fcfusun farkl\u0131 kesimlerinden gelenleri J\u00f6n T\u00fcrk politikas\u0131na kazanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.[40] Bu siyasi g\u00f6revin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile de ilgilendi. Kentin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir sava\u015f tatbikat\u0131nda Bingazi Garnizonu\u2019na \u00f6nderlik ederek askerlere modern taktikler \u00f6\u011fretti. Bu tatbikat s\u00fcresince isyana meyilli \u015eeyh Mansur\u2019un evini sararak b\u00f6lgede sistem kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 ba\u015fka g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki\u015filere \u00f6rnek olmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla onu kontrol alt\u0131na ald\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca hem kentli insanlar\u0131 hem de k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lge insanlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in bir yedek ordu planlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131.[39][41]13 Ocak 1909\u2019da 3. Ordu\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 Sel\u00e2nik Redif F\u0131rkas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu ve 13 Nisan 1909\u2019da Me\u015frutiyet\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 3. Ordu\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 Ta\u015fk\u0131\u015fla\u2019da konu\u015flanm\u0131\u015f 2. ve 4. Avc\u0131 Taburlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n isyan\u0131yla ba\u015flayan, di\u011fer birliklerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla geni\u015fleyen 31 Mart Ayaklanmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bast\u0131rmak \u00fczere Sel\u00e2nik ve Edirne\u2019den yola \u00e7\u0131karak Mirliva Mahmut \u015eevket Pa\u015fa komutas\u0131nda 19 Nisan 1909\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019a girecek olan Hareket Ordusu\u2019na ba\u011fl\u0131 birinci kademe birliklerinin kurmay ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu. Daha sonra 3. Ordu Kurmayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 3. Ordu Subay Talimg\u00e2h\u0131 Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 5. Kolordu Kurmayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 38. Piyade Alay\u0131 Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revlerinde bulundu.[35][39]Stuart Kline\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrk Havac\u0131l\u0131k Kronolojisi kitab\u0131na g\u00f6re[42], Mustafa Kemal, 1910 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen Picardie Manevralar\u0131\u2019na kat\u0131ld\u0131. Burada yeni \u00fcretilen u\u00e7aklar\u0131n deneme u\u00e7u\u015fular\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yordu. Ali R\u0131za Pa\u015fa, bu u\u00e7u\u015flardan birine kat\u0131lmak isteyen Mustafa Kemal\u2019i \u00f6nledi. Ve akabinde u\u00e7u\u015f yapan o u\u00e7ak d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f esnas\u0131nda yere \u00e7ak\u0131ld\u0131.[43] Baz\u0131 kaynaklar taraf\u0131ndan, bu hik\u00e2yeye dayanarak Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn u\u00e7a\u011fa binmekten korktu\u011fu iddia edilse de kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131 Kline, Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn olaydan sonra 3 defa u\u00e7a\u011fa bindi\u011finden bahseder.[44]Mustafa Kemal, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan 27 Eyl\u00fcl 1911\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019da Genelkurmay Kararg\u00e2h\u0131\u2019nda g\u00f6rev ald\u0131.[45]Trablusgarp Sava\u015f\u0131Ayr\u0131ca bak\u0131n\u0131z: Trablusgarp Sava\u015f\u0131Trablusgarp Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda, Mustafa Kemal\u0130talyanlar\u2019\u0131n Trablusgarp\u2019a sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131yla 19 Eyl\u00fcl 1911\u2019de ba\u015flayan Trablusgarp Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda, 27 Kas\u0131m 1911\u2019de Binba\u015f\u0131[35] olan Mustafa Kemal, Binba\u015f\u0131 Enver Bey, Fuat (Bulca), Nuri (Conker) ve Binba\u015f\u0131 Fethi (Okyar) gibi di\u011fer \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 subaylarla birlikte 18 Aral\u0131k 1911\u2019de hareket etti.[46] Mustafa Kemal ile grubu, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da Kahire[47] ve \u0130skenderiye \u00fczerinden Bingazi\u2019ye gitti. 19 Ekimde \u0130skenderiye\u2019den yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan bir s\u00fcre sonra bir hastal\u0131k ge\u00e7irdi.[48] 22 Aral\u0131k\u2019ta Tobruk yak\u0131n\u0131nda zafer kazand\u0131. Derne\u2019deki 16 \u2013 17 Ocak 1912 taarruzunda g\u00f6z\u00fcnden yaralan\u0131p bir ay hastanede tedavi g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve 6 Mart\u2019ta Derne Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na getirildi.[49] Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n eyl\u00fcl\u00fcnde ba\u015flayan bar\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine ra\u011fmen \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar s\u00fcrerken, Karada\u011f\u2019\u0131n 8 Ekim\u2019de Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ne sava\u015f ilan etmesi ve Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 nedeniyle bar\u0131\u015fa raz\u0131 olunmas\u0131yla Mustafa Kemal ve di\u011fer subaylar \u0130stanbul\u2019a geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcler.Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131Ayr\u0131ca bak\u0131n\u0131z: Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131Balkan Sava\u015flar\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Trablusgarp\u2019ta g\u00f6rev yapan Derne Komutan\u0131 Mustafa Kemal ve Binba\u015f\u0131 Nuri Bey, bu sava\u015flarda g\u00f6rev almak istediler.[50] Mustafa Kemal, d\u00f6nemin Osmanl\u0131 Harbiye Nezareti Enver Bey\u2019in de izni ile 24 Ekim 1912\u2019de Trablusgarp\u2019tan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[50] 24 Kas\u0131m 1912\u2019de kararg\u00e2h\u0131 Bolay\u0131r\u2019da bulunan Bahr-i Sefit Bo\u011faz\u0131 (Akdeniz Bo\u011faz\u0131) Kuvayi M\u00fcrettebesi Harek\u00e2t \u015eubesi M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019ne atand\u0131.[51] Osmanl\u0131 ordusu burada general Stilian Georgiev Kovachev komutas\u0131ndaki Bulgar 4. Ordusuna yenildi. Haziran 1913\u2019de ba\u015flayan \u0130kinci Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda komutas\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki birliklerle Dimetoka ve Edirne\u2019ye girdi.27 Ekim 1913\u2019te Sofya asker\u00ee ata\u015feli\u011fine atanarak yak\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131 Sofya sefiri (el\u00e7isi) Fethi Bey (Okyar)\u2019in alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.[52] Ek g\u00f6rev olarak Belgrad ve \u00c7etine asker\u00ee ata\u015feli\u011fini de y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc.[52] Bu g\u00f6revde iken 1 Mart 1914\u2019te yarbayl\u0131\u011fa (kaymakam) y\u00fckseldi.[52]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa (Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi: \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627), Soyad\u0131 Kanunu\u2019ndan (1934) sonra Atat\u00fcrk[3] (19 May\u0131s 1881[2], Selanik \u2013 10 Kas\u0131m 1938, \u0130stanbul), T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin 1923\u2019ten 1938\u2019e de\u011fin g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f kurucusu ve ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, mare\u015fal ve daha evvelinde bir Osmanl\u0131 subay\u0131. i\u00e7in hem de 16 ya\u015f\u0131nda oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 cepheye gidememi\u015ftir. Bu okulu ikincilikle bitirdi.[32] 13 Mart &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54065","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-home","latest_post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54065","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=54065"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54065\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54069,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54065\/revisions\/54069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=54065"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=54065"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edebiyyat-az.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=54065"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}